Life: The Science of Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781319010164
Author: David E. Sadava, David M. Hillis, H. Craig Heller, Sally D. Hacker
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 5, Problem 5Q
Summary Introduction
To analyze:
The fates of secretory and peroxidase proteins after their synthesis by rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and interpretation of the results with the help of a table.
Introduction:
The proteins are synthesized with the help of ribosome. The small and large subunits of a ribosome coordinate with several transcription factors and help in the synthesis of proteins by interpreting the genetic code present in the messenger ribose
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Chapter 5 Solutions
Life: The Science of Biology
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- If the location in which a protein functions is the endomembrane system then the protein is made on a ribosome attached to the outside of the rough endoplasmic reticulum. As the protein is made it is forced through a pore so that it ends up inside the RER. For each enzyme listed or described below state the kind of ribosome on which it's made (cytosolic, RER). If it's made on a RER ribosome, state the final destination of the protein in the endomembrane system. Protein Ribosome type Location in endomembrane system (if applicable) ACE2 receptor (human protein the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein latches on) A histone protein A mature acid hydrolase that will function as an intracellular lipase Cortisol synthesizing enzyme (hint, cortisol is a steroid lipid) Tubulinarrow_forwardDescribe the process of protein synthesis and trafficking of a protein, a lysosomal hydrolase, destined to be inside the lysosome. You do not need to detail the mechanism of translation but do state the role of the ribosome in getting your hydrolase to the lysosome. In your description please give some detail on the function and purpose of the organelles the protein will pass through and how it gets from organelle to organelle. In other words what happens to the protein along the way?arrow_forwardMatch the concept in column A to the concept in column B. Write the letter of the correct answer on the blank provided. A В a. acid hydrolases b. addition of sugars to an N and O in an 1 amino group 2 endoplasmic reticulum amino acid side chain. c. supportive scaffolding system d. provide structural stability to the cytoplasm like a steel rods to a Golgi complex 4 lysosomes concrete. e. sorts and packages newly synthesized and modified peroxisomes proteins glycosylation hydroxylation 6 g. involved in chromosomal 7 movements cytoskeleton microtubules h. C-terminus N-terminus 8 9. i. j. attachment of OH to a side chain of 10 intermediate filaments protein k. glycosylation of proteins and synthesis of lipids I. involved in the production of myelin sheaths that protects the neurons.arrow_forward
- Ribosomes in the cytoplasm (cytosol) capture mRNA that can be translated into an enzyme (in this case a protease) to the lysosome. a) Describe what happens from the time the enzyme (protease) begins to form in the cytoplasm until it end up in the lysosome and explain how the enzyme is transported to the lysosome, Explain in terms of the clathrin and thethering proteinsarrow_forwardRibosomes in the cytoplasm (cytosol) capture mRNA that can be translated into an enzyme (in this case a protease) to the lysosome. a) Describe what happens from the time the enzyme (protease) begins to form in the cytoplasm until it end up in the lysosome and explain how the enzyme is transported to the lysosome.arrow_forwardExplain the steps involved in the synthesis of a protein on membrane bound ribosomesarrow_forward
- Biology Compare and contrast the four different types of integral membrane proteins and how they are inserted into the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Don't forget to include: I. A discussion on where the amino and carboxy termini are located II. The signal sequences and machinery used to translocate the protein. III. the number of transmembrane spanning regions present and what they correspond to in the primary amino acid sequence.arrow_forwardYou visualize your protein of interest in small punctate dots within the cell. You believe the protein could be traveling in a vesicle between the Golgi and ER. What type(s) of vesicles could your protein be in? To confirm the type of vesicle your protein is traveling in you GFP tag a protein that will help you identify the vesicle type. Please state what protein you will tag and, if found together with your protein of interest, what vesicle your protein is traveling in.arrow_forwardExplain why the statement is correct. Which is true of the ribosomes of endoderm cells of the Cnidaria (jellyfish)? They: are attached to the Rough Endoplasmic reticulum (RER) and carry out the synthesis of the primary structure of proteinsarrow_forward
- Many eukaryotic organelles are involved in the production and shipping of proteins out of the cell. Explain the pathway that a protein takes from its initial instructions through to its exportation from the cell. Include ALL organelles involved and explain their function.arrow_forwardUsing the answer code below, indicate which type of ribosome is being described: A. free ribosome B. rough ER-bound ribosome _1. synthesizes proteins used to construct new cell membrane ? _2. synthesizes proteins used intracellularly within the cytosol ? _3. synthesizes secretory proteins such as enzymes or hormones ?arrow_forwardTrace the path of a protein synthesized on a ribosome attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER) as the protein travels to the exterior of the cell. Name all the subcellular structures that the protein passes through. In answering this question, assume that the protein is already produced/synthesized (i.e. don't describe translation).arrow_forward
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