Biology: Concepts and Investigations
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780078024207
Author: Mariëlle Hoefnagels Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 5, Problem 2PIT
2. How would you incorporate the Calvin cycle, rubisco, C3 plants, C4 plants, and CAM plants into this concept map?
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1: Photosynthesis
1. What are the main inputs (reactants) required for overall photosynthesis? Where are they used in
the individual process?
2. Why do plants require light to perform photosynthesis? What is the mechanism plans have to utilize
light energy in photosynthesis?
3. Which types of plants use the C4 cycle? Which types of plants utilize the Calvin Cycle?
4. Evolution led to the formation of Rubisco that is used by C3 plants to fix CO2. Why do you think that
it led to an enzyme that also binds to 02 (which causes photorespiration that isn't beneficial to the
plant)?
5. Explain what is meant by the statement:
"C4 plants separate C3 and C4 processes in space and CAM plants separate C3 and C4 processes in
time."
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8. Most plants open their stomata during the day when light is available for photosynthesis to
favor CO2 diffusion and then close them at night to conserve water. However, plants such as
the saguaro cactus (pictured) actually open their stomata at night to fix carbon and undergo
alternative photosynthetic reactions during the day instead of capturing sunlight for light-
dependent reactions. This is an adaptation to conserve water in desert climates. With this in
mind...
a. Do you think the air and soil surrounding the cactus is typically drier or wetter than the plant?
b. How would soil moisture impact water transport in the plant?
c. Why do you think cacti lack large green leaves found in plants that undergo more traditional
forms of photosynthesis?
1. Look at the molecular formula for plant tissue. Where does the carbon
come from?
2. Where does the hydrogen in C6H12O6 come from?
3. When radioactive isotopes of oxygen atoms are put into CO2 molecules
and the plant is allowed to photosynthesize, only new plant tissue
(C6H12O6) is radioactive and the oxygen gas given off is not radioactive.
Draw a dotted line in the photosynthesis equation to show where the
oxygen atoms in CO2 go.
4. Draw a dotted line in the equation to show where the oxygen atoms
in H20 go.
Chapter 5 Solutions
Biology: Concepts and Investigations
Ch. 5.1 - What is photosynthesis? Describe the reactants and...Ch. 5.1 - Prob. 2MCCh. 5.1 - Prob. 3MCCh. 5.1 - Prob. 4MCCh. 5.1 - How did the origin of photosynthesis alter Earths...Ch. 5.2 - Prob. 1MCCh. 5.2 - Prob. 2MCCh. 5.2 - Prob. 3MCCh. 5.2 - How does the reaction center chlorophyll interact...Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 1MC
Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 2MCCh. 5.4 - Prob. 1MCCh. 5.4 - Prob. 2MCCh. 5.4 - Prob. 3MCCh. 5.4 - Prob. 4MCCh. 5.5 - What is the relationship between the light...Ch. 5.5 - Prob. 2MCCh. 5.6 - Why is the Calvin cycle also called the C3...Ch. 5.6 - Prob. 2MCCh. 5.6 - What conditions maximize photorespiration?Ch. 5.6 - Prob. 4MCCh. 5.6 - How is the CAM pathway similar to C4 metabolism,...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 1MCCh. 5.7 - Prob. 2MCCh. 5 - Where does the energy come from to drive...Ch. 5 - Prob. 2MCQCh. 5 - Prob. 3MCQCh. 5 - The evolution of photosynthesis resulted in a. an...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 5 - Prob. 6MCQCh. 5 - Prob. 7MCQCh. 5 - A plant that opens its stomata only at night is a...Ch. 5 - Imagine that multiple simultaneous volcanic...Ch. 5 - Prob. 2WIOCh. 5 - Prob. 3WIOCh. 5 - Would a plant grow belier in a room painted blue...Ch. 5 - Determine whether each of the following molecules...Ch. 5 - Of the many groups of photosynthetic bacteria,...Ch. 5 - Prob. 7WIOCh. 5 - Over the past decades, the CO2 concentration in...Ch. 5 - How does photosynthesis help compensate for...Ch. 5 - How is the CAM pathway adaptive in a desert...Ch. 5 - Explain how C4 photosynthesis is based on a...Ch. 5 - Explain why each of the following misconceptions...Ch. 5 - Prob. 1PITCh. 5 - 2. How would you incorporate the Calvin cycle,...Ch. 5 - Prob. 3PITCh. 5 - Prob. 4PITCh. 5 - Prob. 5PIT
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- 1. During the light dependent reaction, the molecules within the membrane absorb light energy 2. high energy compounds light dependent portion of photosynthesis 3. an electron which is released by a process called and are produced in the in the thylakoid enters where it is energized and used to convert energy. 4. protons travel through located in the thylakoid membrane in a high energy compound. a process known as 5. The three stages of the light independent reaction are to produce and 6. The most abundant protein on earth is 7. You would need molecules of RuBp in order to create 1 molecule of glucosearrow_forward1.The shorter the wavelength of visible light the Group of answer choices a, more photons it contains b, less energy absorbed by photosynthetic pigments c, reener the color d, greater the energy 2. The reason we breathe in oxygen is to assist in the production of Group of answer choices a, cell structures b, ATP c, Glucose d, Nitrogen 3. Why does a plant use the CAM or C4 pathway during photosynthesis? Group of answer choices a, To bind carbon dioxide and not use the C3 pathway in photosynthesis b, To bind Carbon dioxide to use later in the C3 pathway when carbon dioxide levels are low due to closed stomata c, Plants that use C4 and CAM do not do photosynthesis d, To use in the process of cell respiration when stomata are closedarrow_forwardWhich of the following is a correct step in the light-dependent reactions of the Z system? a. Light is absorbed at P700, and electrons flow through a pathway to NADP+, the final acceptor of the linear pathway. b. Electrons flow from photosystem II to water. c. NADP+ is oxidized to NADPH as it accepts electrons. d. Water is degraded to activate P680. e. Electrons pass through a thylakoid membrane to create energy to pump H+ through the cytochrome complex.arrow_forward
- How are carbon fixation and the Calvin cycle different in C4 plants and CAM plants?arrow_forwardWhich of the following components is nor used by both plants and cyanobacteria to carry out photosynthesis? chloroplasts chlorophyll carbon dioxide waterarrow_forwardHow many molecules of carbon dioxide must enter the Calvin cycle for a plant to produce a sugar containing 12 carbon atoms? How many ATP and NADPH molecules would be required to make that molecule?arrow_forward
- 10. Observe the graph on the right. If you had a hypothetical plant that only had a hypothetical photopigment with an absorption maximum at 585, which color light would produce the highest rate of photosynthesis? ltra Violet Blue 456-492 nm Green 492677 nm Yellow Orange 597-620 nm Red intra vielet red 400-455 nm 677-697 nm 620-700 nm nm 400 500 600 700 short wtength Ieng vetength high fmuency lawhumcyarrow_forward1. Which of the following statements is most accurate? a. The Calvin cycle is a repeating process that uses carbon dioxide, ATP, and NADPH molecules to allow the cell to produce one glucose molecule. b. Each turn of the Calvin cycle is designed to use a glucose molecule to produce RuBP, 3-PGA, 3-G3P, ATP and NADPH molecules. c. The Calvin cycle is a continuous process that utilizes rubisco molecules to produce RuBP molecules which can be directly converted to glucose molecules for long term energy storage. 2. How many glucose molecules are produced for every turn of the Calvin cycle? a. 0 b. 1 c. 2 d. 3 e. 6 f. 12arrow_forward32. In the thylakoid membranes, what is the main role of the antenna pigment molecules? Group of answer choices a. split water and release oxygen to the reaction-center chlorophyll b. synthesize ATP from ADP and Pi c. transfer electrons to ferredoxin and then NADPH d. harvest photons and transfer light energy to the reaction-center chlorophyllarrow_forward
- 27. Which of the following is the best description of the process shown in the image below? (LS2-5) * Plant Cell CHLOROPLAST LIGHT Carbon Dioxide Water Thylakoid NADP* ADP Calvin Сycle Outer Membrane ATP Stroma NADPH Grana (Stack of Thylakoids) Inner Membrane 'Intermembrane Space [CH20] Oxygen Sugars Water, oxygen, and light are inputs while carbon dioxide and glucose are outputs. Water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and light are inputs and glucose is the output. Water, carbon dioxide, and light are inputs while oxygen and glucose are outputs Glucose, oxygen, and light are inputs while carbon dioxide and water are outputs.arrow_forward2. Photosynthesis produces the oxygen (O2) on which all aerobic organisms depend for survival. What other factors make photosynthesis essential to the maintenance of virtually all life on earth? 3. In the experiment that tested the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis, we did not run a control tube during the experiment. Why is a control important in an experiment? How would you design a control for this experiment? Be specific 4. If during the experiment, you found that the control tube generated pressure and had a measurable rate of "photosynthesis" just like the experimental tube did, what would this fact tell you about the experiment?arrow_forward1) Evolution led to the formation of RuBisCO that is used by C3 plants to fix CO2. Why do you think that it led to an enzyme that also binds to O2 (which causes photorespiration that isn't beneficial to the plant)? 2) Explain what is meant by the statement: "C4 plants separate C3 and C4 processes in space and CAM plants separate C3 and C4 processes in time."arrow_forward
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