Chapter 5, Problem 2P1HA1

Program Plan Intro

Internet Protocol (IP) address:

• IP is a protocol used in network layer of internet model.
• It is used to routes the packet through an optimal path in a network.
• IP performs addressing to find the next computer in an optimal path.
• Each IP address consists of two parts; Network and Host part.
• An IP address is a 32 bit number containing 4 octets.

Subnet mask:

• A subnet mask is a 32 bit number that is used to divides IP addresses into network and host addresses.
• The number of IPs to a specific network can be limited by a single subnet mask.
• Single network can be organized into smaller networks called subnets by using multiple subnet masks.
• Subnet mask is used to identify which are the computers belongs to a specific TCP/IP network.
• Net mask is also defined as the amount of bits that are used for network portion.

Default Gateway:

• Default gateway is used as an access point or IP router.
• Default gateway enables the computer to send information from computer of one network to another computer which is in another network.

Media Access Control (MAC):

• Media Access Control (MAC) is a sub layer of Data Link Layer in the network model.
• Transmission of data packets to and from the network interface card is handled by Media Access Control.
• MAC address is a 12 digit number that provides the location of network adapter.