Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 43.1, Problem 2C
PREDICT Imagine that you are hiking along a bay and notice a really strong, unpleasant odor. How might sensory adaptation be helpful?
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Explain why individuals are often so insensitive to their own body and breath odor. How does sensory adaptation contribute to this insensitivity? How have advertisers tried to capitalize on this situation?
Imagine you wake up to the smell of smoke, The sound of the fire alarm, the flashing lights of sirens, the acreage taste of smoke in the air. In other words, all your senses are reacting to this emergency. Your body goes into "flight or fight mode".
Question: in about two paragraphs, can you describe the sensory pathway that the sensory information from just one of these special senses takes to the brain to be integrated.
for example, if you were describing the smell of the smoke, how was odor detected? Which cranial nerves are involved? Where are those located? Where do they connect to the rest of the brain?
Compare and contrast the senses of taste and smell by dragging the choices below into one or both of the categories.
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Involves modified
neurons
Molecules bind to
receptor proteins
of microvilli and
generate nerve
signals in sensory
nerve fibers
Accounts for most
of what we
perceive as taste
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Sense of taste (1/2)
Sense of smell (2/2)
Chapter 43 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 43.1 - How Sensory Systems Work LEARNING OBJECTIVES 1...Ch. 43.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 43.1 - Prob. 1CCh. 43.1 - PREDICT Imagine that you are hiking along a bay...Ch. 43.1 - Prob. 3CCh. 43.1 - Identify five kinds of sensory receptors based on...Ch. 43.2 - Prob. 3LOCh. 43.2 - What are the functions of thermoreceptors in...Ch. 43.3 - Prob. 4LOCh. 43.3 - Prob. 1C
Ch. 43.3 - Prob. 2CCh. 43.4 - Describe the functions of nociceptors and identify...Ch. 43.4 - Prob. 1CCh. 43.4 - Prob. 2CCh. 43.5 - Prob. 6LOCh. 43.5 - Compare the structure and function of the saccule...Ch. 43.5 - Prob. 8LOCh. 43.5 - Prob. 1CCh. 43.5 - Prob. 2CCh. 43.5 - List the sequence of events involved in hearing.Ch. 43.6 - Prob. 9LOCh. 43.6 - Prob. 1CCh. 43.7 - Prob. 10LOCh. 43.7 - Prob. 11LOCh. 43.7 - Prob. 12LOCh. 43.7 - Prob. 1CCh. 43.7 - What happens when light strikes rhodopsin?...Ch. 43.7 - What is the sequence of neural signaling in the...Ch. 43.7 - What is meant by the statement Vision happens...Ch. 43 - Test your Understanding Know and Comprehend 1. A...Ch. 43 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 43 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 43 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 43 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 43 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 43 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 43 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 43 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 43 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 43 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 43 - SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY Cochlear implants...
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- Compare and contrast general and special senses. Give two examples of each and describe the locations of the receptors that mediate these senses.arrow_forwardSensory adaptation occurs when the brain filters out repetitious and/or insignificant information. Indicate the correct example of sensory adaptation. a. hog farmer does not notice the barn smell from his working boots when he wears them on the porch of the house. b. A chef discriminates the aromas from prepared dishes as he uses exotic spices. c. A sommelier can differentiate the unique tastes among various blended wines given to him to evaluate. d. A person who inadvertently burns the tip of his or her tongue with a hot drink can still consume cold beverages.arrow_forwardInclude a 5-10 sentence explanation of how the sheep’s eye senses light and relays that data to the brain to interpret visual information. Some pieces to consider: What path does the light travel? What structures and pigments does it interact with? How does the signal travel to the brain? Where in the brain is the data processed? How is this different in the high light vs low light? How might the sheep’s vision differ from our own?arrow_forward
- Many people believe that blind people have supernatural hearing. How would brain plasticity explain how enhanced hearing might result from greater reliance on hearing or from just using auditory information more effectively?arrow_forwardHere you see an astigmatism illustration. Please explain why astigmatisms cause blurred vision in the context of our sense of sight. Please do not merely say “The light rays do not hit the focal point”. Please explain why that matters for the sense of sight.arrow_forwardWhat is meant by a “tonotopic map”? a. Each location in the auditory cortex responds to a preferred tone, and these areas are arranged in order from low pitches to high pitches. b. The auditory cortex has axons back and forth to every other part of the cortex and several nuclei of the thalamus. c. Each neuron in the auditory cortex has a distinctive pattern of responding depending on the location of the source of sound in space. d. Each cell in the auditory cortex has a “partner” cell in the visual cortex.arrow_forward
- Using the ideas of the place theory of pitch and the tonotopic organization of the auditory cortex, explain how we perceive different pitches of sounds.arrow_forwardWatch this video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/DanielleReed) to learn about Dr. Danielle Reed of the Monell Chemical Senses Center in Philadelphia, PA, who became interested in science at an early age because of her sensory experiences. She recognized that her sense of taste was unique compared with other people she knew. Now, she studies the genetic differences between people and their sensitivities to taste stimuli. In the video, there is a brief image of a person sticking out their tongue, which has been covered with a colored dye. This is how Dr. Reed is able to visualize and count papillae on the surface of the tongue. People fall into two large groups known as tasters and non-tasters on the basis of the density of papillae on their tongue, which also indicates the number of taste buds. Non-tasters can taste food, but they are not as sensitive to certain tastes, such as bitterness. Dr. Reed discovered that she is a non-taster, which explains why she perceived bitterness differently than other people she knew. Are you very sensitive to tastes? Can you see any similarities among the members of your family?arrow_forwardWhat is the "coincidence" in the Jeffress neural coincidence model? Two sound sources have the same frequency and amplitude at the same time. Signals arrive at two different neurons at the same time. Signals arrive from the two ears at the same time. Two sound sources are in the same location in the sound environarrow_forward
- Environmental input to different sensory systems affects different neuroanatomical pathways. However, there is a basic, common pathway plan that most sensory systems share. Choose the response option that best describes that plan. receptors --> hindbrain --> midbrain --> cortical association area receptors --> medulla --> hypothalamus --> frontal cortex receptors -> spinal nerves --> midbrain --> temporal cortex receptors >brainstem --> thalamus --> primary cortical areaarrow_forwardWhy do you think the auditory system has so many stages of processing before the signals reach the auditory cortex, compared to the visual system? Is there a difference in the speed of processing required?arrow_forwardHow could you study an animal’s senses to design a product for humans who are missing one of their senses? Answer in a few sentences.arrow_forward
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