Chapter 4, Problem 34A

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The naming of given compounds has to be done.

Concept introduction:

Elements are classified as metals and non-metals on basis of various physical and chemical properties. Metals can easily release electrons and non-metals can easily take electrons to attain stability in configuration and as a result cations and anions are formed.

When 2 or more atoms are covalently bonded among each other such that they behave as an individual unit together and possess a net charge on it is called a polyatomic ion. They can be positively charged or negatively charged.

Metal and non-metals come closer to from binary ionic compounds which can be of 3 types:

• Type I binary ionic compound: which has metal ions that can form only 1 type of ion.
• Type II binary ionic compound: contains metal ions that can form more than 1 type of ions.
• Type III binary ionic compound: contains only non-metal ions.

Answer to Problem 34A

The name of the compound is Ammonium carbonate.

Explanation of Solution

  ${\left({\text{NH}}_4\right)}_2{\text{CO}}_3$ contains two ammonium ions (NH₄⁺) and one carbonate ion (CO₃^2-) which is a divalent anion. So the name is ammonium carbonate.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The naming of given compounds has to be done.

Concept introduction:

Elements are classified as metals and non-metals on basis of various physical and chemical properties. Metals can easily release electrons and non-metals can easily take electrons to attain stability in configuration and as a result cations and anions are formed.

When 2 or more atoms are covalently bonded among each other such that they behave as an individual unit together and possess a net charge on it is called a polyatomic ion. They can be positively charged or negatively charged.

Metal and non-metals come closer to from binary ionic compounds which can be of 3 types:

• Type I binary ionic compound: which has metal ions that can form only 1 type of ion.
• Type II binary ionic compound: contains metal ions that can form more than 1 type of ions.
• Type III binary ionic compound: contains only non-metal ions.

Answer to Problem 34A

The name of this compound is ammonium hydrogen carbonate.

Explanation of Solution

  ${\text{NH}}_4{\text{HCO}}_3$ contains ammonium ion (NH₄⁺) and hydrogen carbonate ion $\left({\text{HCO}}_3^{-}\right)$ . Both are monovalent ions. So the name is ammonium hydrogen carbonate.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The naming of given compounds has to be done.

Concept introduction:

Elements are classified as metals and non-metals on basis of various physical and chemical properties. Metals can easily release electrons and non-metals can easily take electrons to attain stability in configuration and as a result cations and anions are formed.

When 2 or more atoms are covalently bonded among each other such that they behave as an individual unit together and possess a net charge on it is called a polyatomic ion. They can be positively charged or negatively charged.

Metal and non-metals come closer to from binary ionic compounds which can be of 3 types:

• Type I binary ionic compound: which has metal ions that can form only 1 type of ion.
• Type II binary ionic compound: contains metal ions that can form more than 1 type of ions.
• Type III binary ionic compound: contains only non-metal ions.

Answer to Problem 34A

The name of this compound is calcium phosphate.

Explanation of Solution

  ${\text{Ca}}_3{\left({\text{PO}}_4\right)}_2$ contains three calcium ions (Ca²⁺)as it is a divalent cation and two phosphate ions (PO₄^3-) as it is a trivalent anion. So the name is calcium phosphate.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The naming of given compounds has to be done.

Concept introduction:

Elements are classified as metals and non-metals on basis of various physical and chemical properties. Metals can easily release electrons and non-metals can easily take electrons to attain stability in configuration and as a result cations and anions are formed.

When 2 or more atoms are covalently bonded among each other such that they behave as an individual unit together and possess a net charge on it is called a polyatomic ion. They can be positively charged or negatively charged.

Metal and non-metals come closer to from binary ionic compounds which can be of 3 types:

• Type I binary ionic compound: which has metal ions that can form only 1 type of ion.
• Type II binary ionic compound: contains metal ions that can form more than 1 type of ions.
• Type III binary ionic compound: contains only non-metal ions.

Answer to Problem 34A

The name of this compound is sulfurous acid.

Explanation of Solution

Some acids have oxygen in the compound. There is a simple rule for these acids.

Any polyatomic ion with the suffix “-ate” uses the suffix “-ic” and with the suffix “−ite” uses the suffix“−ous”.

So ${\text{H}}_2{\text{SO}}_3$ contains two hydrogen ions (H⁺) as it is a monovalent cation and one sulfite ions (SO₃^2-) as it is a divalent anion. So the name is hydrogen sulfite. This acid is known as sulfurous acid.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The naming of given compounds has to be done.

Concept introduction:

Elements are classified as metals and non-metals on basis of various physical and chemical properties. Metals can easily release electrons and non-metals can easily take electrons to attain stability in configuration and as a result cations and anions are formed.

When 2 or more atoms are covalently bonded among each other such that they behave as an individual unit together and possess a net charge on it is called a polyatomic ion. They can be positively charged or negatively charged.

Metal and non-metals come closer to from binary ionic compounds which can be of 3 types:

• Type I binary ionic compound: which has metal ions that can form only 1 type of ion.
• Type II binary ionic compound: contains metal ions that can form more than 1 type of ions.
• Type III binary ionic compound: contains only non-metal ions.

Answer to Problem 34A

The name of this compound is manganese dioxide.

Explanation of Solution

  ${\text{MnO}}_2$ contains manganese ion which is in $+4$ oxidation state and two oxide ions (O^2-)as it is a divalent anion. So the name is manganese dioxide.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The naming of given compounds has to be done.

Concept introduction:

Elements are classified as metals and non-metals on basis of various physical and chemical properties. Metals can easily release electrons and non-metals can easily take electrons to attain stability in configuration and as a result cations and anions are formed.

When 2 or more atoms are covalently bonded among each other such that they behave as an individual unit together and possess a net charge on it is called a polyatomic ion. They can be positively charged or negatively charged.

Metal and non-metals come closer to from binary ionic compounds which can be of 3 types:

• Type I binary ionic compound: which has metal ions that can form only 1 type of ion.
• Type II binary ionic compound: contains metal ions that can form more than 1 type of ions.
• Type III binary ionic compound: contains only non-metal ions.

Answer to Problem 34A

The name of this compound is iodic acid.

Explanation of Solution

Some acids have oxygen in the compound. There is a simple rule for these acids.

Any polyatomic ion with the suffix “-ate” uses the suffix “-ic” and with the suffix “−ite” uses the suffix“−ous”.

So ${\text{HIO}}_3$ contains one hydrogen ion (H⁺)and one iodate ion (IO₃^-). So the name is hydrogen iodate. This acid is known as iodic acid.

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The naming of given compounds has to be done.

Concept introduction:

Elements are classified as metals and non-metals on basis of various physical and chemical properties. Metals can easily release electrons and non-metals can easily take electrons to attain stability in configuration and as a result cations and anions are formed.

When 2 or more atoms are covalently bonded among each other such that they behave as an individual unit together and possess a net charge on it is called a polyatomic ion. They can be positively charged or negatively charged.

Metal and non-metals come closer to from binary ionic compounds which can be of 3 types:

• Type I binary ionic compound: which has metal ions that can form only 1 type of ion.
• Type II binary ionic compound: contains metal ions that can form more than 1 type of ions.
• Type III binary ionic compound: contains only non-metal ions.

Answer to Problem 34A

The name of this compound is potassium hydride.

Explanation of Solution

  $\text{KH}$ contains one potassium ion and one hydride ion (H^-). Both are monovalent ions. So the name is potassium hydride.