Essentials of Genetics (9th Edition) - Standalone book
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780134047799
Author: William S. Klug, Michael R. Cummings, Charlotte A. Spencer, Michael A. Palladino
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 4, Problem 32PDQ
Students taking a genetics exam were expected to answer the following question by converting data to a “meaningful ratio” and then solving the problem. The instructor assumed that the final ratio would reflect two gene pairs, and most correct answers did. Here is the exam question:
“Flowers may be white, orange, or brown. When plants with white flowers are crossed with plants with brown flowers, all the F1 flowers are white. For F2 flowers, the following data were obtained:
48 white
12 orange
4 brown
Convert the F2 data to a meaningful ratio that allows you to explain the inheritance of color. Determine the number of genes involved and the genotypes that yield each
(a) Solve the problem for two gene pairs. What is the final F2 ratio?
(b) A number of students failed to reduce the ratio for two gene pairs as described above and solved the problem usingthree gene pairs. When examined carefully, their solution was deemed a valid response by the instructor. Solve the problem using three gene pairs.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
A cross was made between a Red and Long flowered (RRLL) plant and a blue and dwarf flowered (rrll) plant. The resulting F1 plants were testcrossed to blue and dwarf plants.
140 red and long
28 red and dwarf
32 blue and long
145 blue and dwarf
After showing your Punnett square for the testcross, use the Chi Square test to determine if the genes are assorting independently. If they are linked, calculate the distance between the two genes. Show your work.
type
P =
n!
(p)* (q)"*
х! (n - х)!
Practice Problem:
You cross a true-breeding pea plant with red flowers to a true-breeding pea plant with white
flowers. All of your offspring have red flowers. Which gene is dominant? Why? What is the
genotype of your offspring?
You then cross the offspring to each other. What ratio do you expect? Why?
You count 1000 plants and look at their flowers. Your results are as follows:
740 red
260 white
Does this follow a simple Mendelian inheritance pattern? Why or why not?
DADT 2
MEA SUDI
ND D LUT IONS
E. W. Lindstrom crossed two corn plants with green seedlings and obtained the following progeny: 3583 green seedlings, 853 virescentwhite seedlings, and 260 yellow seedlings .
Q. Give the genotypes for the green, virescent-white, and yellow progeny.
Chapter 4 Solutions
Essentials of Genetics (9th Edition) - Standalone book
Ch. 4 - CASE STUDY | But he isn't deaf Researching their...Ch. 4 -
CASE STUDY | But he isn’t deaf
Researching...Ch. 4 - CASE STUDY | But he isn't deaf Researching their...Ch. 4 - HOW DO WE KNOW? In this chapter, we focused on...Ch. 4 - Review the Chapter Concepts list on page 53. These...Ch. 4 - In Shorthorn cattle, coat color may be red, white,...Ch. 4 -
4. With regard to the ABO blood types in humans,...Ch. 4 - In foxes, two alleles of a single gene, P and p,...Ch. 4 - Three gene pairs located on separate autosomes...Ch. 4 - As in the plants of Problem 6, color may be red,...
Ch. 4 -
8. The following genotypes of two independently...Ch. 4 - Given the inheritance pattern of coat color in...Ch. 4 - A husband and wife have normal vision, although...Ch. 4 - In humans, the ABO blood type is under the control...Ch. 4 - In goals, development of the beard is due to a...Ch. 4 -
13. In cats, orange coal color is determined by...Ch. 4 - In Drosophila, an X-linked recessive mutation,...Ch. 4 - Another recessive mutation in Drosophila, ebony...Ch. 4 - While vermilion is X-linked in Drosophila and...Ch. 4 - In pigs, coat color may be sandy, red, or white. A...Ch. 4 - A geneticist from an alien planet that prohibits...Ch. 4 - In another cross, the frog geneticist from Problem...Ch. 4 - In cattle, coats may be solid white, solid black,...Ch. 4 - Consider the following three pedigrees, all...Ch. 4 - Labrador retrievers may be black, brown, or golden...Ch. 4 - Three autosomal recessive mutations in Drosophila,...Ch. 4 -
24. Horses can be cremello (a light cream...Ch. 4 - Pigment in the mouse is produced only when the C...Ch. 4 - Five human matings numbered 1–5 are shown in the...Ch. 4 - Two mothers give birth to sons at the same time at...Ch. 4 - In Dexter and Kerry cattle, animals may be polled...Ch. 4 - What genetic criteria distinguish a case of...Ch. 4 -
30. The specification of the anterior-posterior...Ch. 4 - The maternal-effect mutation bicoid(bcd)is...Ch. 4 -
32. Students taking a genetics exam were...Ch. 4 - In four o'clock plants, many flower colors are...Ch. 4 - Prob. 34PDQ
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- A cross was performed using Drosophila melanogaster involving a female known to be heterozygous for both ebony body and sepia eyes and a male known to be homozygous wild type male. The resulting progeny were allowed to mate with one another to produce the data set. Three repetitions of the experiment were conducted. The following data were produced from the crosses. Test these data to determine if they are significantly different from the expected phenotypic ratio. Use the 5% level of significance. Your answer should include the hypothesized cross in genotypes, the Chi-squared value, the critical value and whether you reject or do not reject for each experiment. Wild eye Wild body – 112, Wild eye Ebony body – 40, Sepia eye Wild body – 35, Sepia eye Ebony body – 11arrow_forwardREad and analyzed the following genetic problem. Show complete solution (Genotypes of P, Punnet Square and GR,PR). 1. In the garden peas, green pod color is dominant over yellow pods. Also, round seed shape is dominant over wrinkled seed. Cross fertilization was done between a pea that is homozygous dominant for pod color with heterozygous round shape and another pea that is heterozygous for both pod color and seed shape. Determine the genotypic and phenotypic ratio of teh offspring.arrow_forwardThis question deals with Mendelian Genetics. Read each part carefully before you answer it. In the following questions, assume green pea pods are dominant over yellow pea pods. a) If a pea plant that is Heterozygous for pod color is crossed with a pea plant with yellow pods, what do you expect to see in the offspring (the f1 generation)? Specifically, what genotypes, what phenotypes, and in what ratios? (Use G for the green pod gene and g for the yellow pod gene.) (It is usually helpful to write out all the possible genotypes and give the phenotype for each genotype before answering the specific question.)arrow_forward
- A 3-inch plant was crossed with a 15-inch plant, and all F1 plants were 9 inches. The F2 plants exhibited a “normal distribution,” with heights of 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15 inches. (a) What ratio will constitute the “normal distribution” in the F2? (b) What will be the outcome if the F1 plants are testcrossed with plants that are homozygous for all nonadditive alleles?arrow_forwardYou are studying three linked genes in snapdragons. The flower color locus is in the center. There are 8.3 cM between the flower color locus and the plant height locus. There are 12.4 cM between the flower color locus and the leaf type locus. The coefficient of coincidence is 0.8. Pure-breeding tall, red-flowered plants with fuzzy leaves were crossed to pure-breeding dwarf, blue-flowered plants with smooth leaves. The F1 were testcrossed. Calculate the proportion of the testcross progeny that are expected to have red flowers and fuzzy leaves. Round properly to 4 decimal digits. Answer:arrow_forwardA series of three-point testcrosses is made to determine the genetic map order of seven linked allele pairs: A/a, B/b, G/g, H/h, Q/q, R/r, and Y/y.From each cross between a triply heterozygous parent listed below, two recombinant classes were noticed as the least frequent among all 8 progeny classes, and are listed at the right in the table. A. For each testcross write the genotype of the F1 heterozygous parent. F1 Parental Phenotype Least frequent F2 Phenotype 1.AHB&ahb AHb & ahB 2.RYh&ryH RYH & ryh 3.BhY&bHy Bhy & bHY 4.qYB&Qyb qYb & QyB 5.AbQ&aBq Abq & aBQ 6.ghR&GHr ghr & GHR B. Write the unified map order of these genes, showing your reasoning.arrow_forward
- ) You are performing a dihybrid cross with a strain of flies that is ebony (e) and a strain that is pink (p). The results of the F2 are shown below. Use x? test to help you determine if e and p are linked (Note: refer to Table I for chi-square table). Number 1827 Phenotype + p 424 e + 386 e p 298 Genetic map is the relative positions of genetic markers on a chromosome. Explain the rationale behind genetic mapping.arrow_forwardPurebred wrinkled, green-seeded pea plants were crossed with purebred round, yellow-seeded plants. The F1, all of which had round and yellow seeds, were then self-crossed resulting in the following F2: 172 plants with round and yellow seeds, 55 plants with round and green seeds, 58 plants with wrinkled and yellow seeds, and 15 plants with wrinkled and green seeds. Calculate the chi-square value and determine the p-value range. Which of the following are the correct chi-square values, p-value range, and whether you would accept or reject the hypothesis that these results are consistent with Mendelian predictions?arrow_forwardTwo true-breeding varieties of maize, one 11 cm high and the other 47 cm high were crossed and the resultant F1 hybrids were then crossed to generate the F2. In the F2 there were a total of 13,923 plants with a continuous variation in heights between the two extremes and with only 3 plants as large as 47 cm high and 5 plants of 11 cm high. In a cross between a 29cm plant and a 20cm plant what would be the genotypes giving the smallest number of different phenotypes? specify the phenotypes observed.arrow_forward
- E. W. Lindstrom crossed two corn plants with green seedlings and obtained the following progeny: 3583 green seedlings, 853 virescentwhite seedlings, and 260 yellow seedlings . Q. Explain how color is determined in these seedlings.arrow_forwardpt pt PT PPTt purple tall PpTt purple tall Pt Pptt purple white Pptt purple white Using any two plants resulting from your test cross (even two of the same genotypes if you would prefer), perform a second cross. Provide a Punnett square demonstrating this dihybrid cross.What are the ratios for each genotype in the resulting offspring? What are the ratios for each phenotype? Your answer should clearly indicate the genotype and phenotype each portion of the ratio is referring toarrow_forwardIn a cross between a 29cm plant and a 20cm plant what would be the genotypes giving the smallest number of different phenotypes? specify the phenotypes observed. (6 genes and 12 alleles involved)arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Concepts of BiologyBiologyISBN:9781938168116Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James WisePublisher:OpenStax College
Concepts of Biology
Biology
ISBN:9781938168116
Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise
Publisher:OpenStax College
How to solve genetics probability problems; Author: Shomu's Biology;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R0yjfb1ooUs;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Beyond Mendelian Genetics: Complex Patterns of Inheritance; Author: Professor Dave Explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-EmvmBuK-B8;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY