Microbiology: A Systems Approach
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781259706615
Author: Marjorie Kelly Cowan Professor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 4, Problem 2VC
From chapter 1, figure 1.14. Study this figure. How would it be drawn differently if the archaea were more closely related to bacteria than to eukaryotes?
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Archaea are often described as chimeric organisms having some features that are similar to bacteria and some that are similar to eukaryotes. Based on what you have just read in this section, provide two examples that illustrate the similarity of archaea (explain them) to bacteria; list and describe two examples of their similarity to eukaryotes
Archaea are so named because
option1-their cell structure is thought to be more primitive than the cell structure
of bacteria
option2-they arose from the joining of members from the Archaea and Bacteria
Domains.
option3-many survive in extreme conditions thought to be similar to ancient earth
option4-they are thought to be the first group of prokaryotes to evolve on earth
Read this passage from the lesson and answer the questions that follow.
Domains
The six-kingdom system didn't show that all four eukaryote kingdoms are more closely related to each
other than to the two bacteria kingdoms. It also didn't show that the two bacteria kingdoms are as
different from each other as they are from the eukaryote kingdoms. To show these similarities and
differences, a new taxon, called the domain, was introduced. It was defined as a taxon higher than the
kingdom.
The Three-Domain System
In 1990, a new classification system was introduced that contained three domains: Bacteria, Archaea,
and Eukarya. The Bacteria domain was formerly the Eubacteria kingdom, and the Archaea domain was
formerly the Archaebacteria kingdom. The Eukarya domain includes all four eukaryote kingdoms: plants,
animals, protists, and fungi. The three-domain system emphasizes the similarities among eukaryotes and
the differences among eukaryotes, bacteria, and archaea. By using domains, these…
Chapter 4 Solutions
Microbiology: A Systems Approach
Ch. 4.1 - List the structures all bacteria possess.Ch. 4.1 - Identify at least four structures that some, but...Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 3AYPCh. 4.1 - Prob. 4AYPCh. 4.1 - Provide at least four terms to describe bacterial...Ch. 4.2 - Describe the structure and function of five...Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 7AYPCh. 4.3 - Prob. 8AYPCh. 4.3 - Prob. 9AYPCh. 4.3 - Prob. 10AYP
Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 11AYPCh. 4.4 - Prob. 12AYPCh. 4.5 - List some differences between archaea and...Ch. 4.6 - Differentiate between Bergeys Manual of Systematic...Ch. 4.6 - Prob. 15AYPCh. 4.6 - Define a species in terms of bacteria.Ch. 4 - Which of the following is not found in all...Ch. 4 - Pili are tubular shafts in ____ bacteria that...Ch. 4 - Prob. 3MCQCh. 4 - Which of the following is a primary bacterial cell...Ch. 4 - Which of the following is present in both...Ch. 4 - Darkly stained granules are concentrated crystals...Ch. 4 - Bacterial endospores usually function in a....Ch. 4 - A bacterial arrangement in packets of eight cells...Ch. 4 - Prob. 9MCQCh. 4 - Prob. 10MCQCh. 4 - Prob. 11TFCh. 4 - A research microbiologist looking at evolutionary...Ch. 4 - Nanobes may or may not actually be bacteria.Ch. 4 - Both bacteria and archaea used to be known as...Ch. 4 - Prob. 15TFCh. 4 - Define the term ubiquitous and explain whether...Ch. 4 - Quorum sensing is a process used by many bacteria...Ch. 4 - Based upon your knowledge of cell wall structure,...Ch. 4 - Provide evidence in support of or refuting the...Ch. 4 - a.Describe the characteristics of an...Ch. 4 - Prob. 1VCCh. 4 - From chapter 1, figure 1.14. Study this figure....Ch. 4 - Prob. 1CM
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- If you visit a lake in the middle of the Amazon and take water samples to analyze under a microscope from a nearby university that has good instrumentation and there you detect microorganisms that are not visible to the naked eye. What studies would you do to determine if they are bacteria, archaea, fungi or protozoa? Explain each type of analysis and how would you rule out members of each group? Write at least 3 paragraphsarrow_forwardChoose one prokaryote (bacteria or archaea) AND one protest. You can choose a species or more general taxonomic group of interest. Then address the following questions for each. 1. What does the organism look like? Describe or include an image. 2. How does it obtain energy? 3. How does it reproduce? 4. What are its close relatives in the tree of life? 5. Why is it important from a human perspective?arrow_forwardThis domain is characterized by ancient bacteria that can live in extreme environments, such as volcanoes eukarya bacteria prokarya archaeaarrow_forward
- Archaea are different from Eubacteria are different types of prokaryotes because... Archaea lack a nucleus Archaea are unicellular Archaea lack peptidoglycan in their cell wall Archaea do not have ribosomesarrow_forwardSuppose that one of Pasteur's swan neck flasks had broken, such that the neck came off. What would be the likely result? Maggots would have appeared on the meat The broth would have remained sterile Bacteria would not have been isolated in pure culture The animalcules would have escaped The liquid would have become contaminated You have a mixture of bacteria, archaea, fungi, protists, and algae. Which of the following would be most definitive in determining which of these cells are archaea? Size in a bright field microscope Structure in a scanning electron microscope Fluorescence in situ hybridization Super resolution microscopy Simple stainingarrow_forwardWhy were Archaea originally thought to be simply unusual forms of Bacteria? What lines of evidence showed this domain to form a distinct branch on the tree of life?arrow_forward
- Archaea and Eukaryotes are more closely related to each other than Eubacteria and Archaea are.arrow_forwardLook at the image above. Based on their shape and how they are grouped, what name would you give these cyanobacteria that are forming chains?arrow_forwardWhich statement best explains why a third domain, Archaea, was added to the original two domains of Bacteria and Eukarya? Question 10 options: Scientists discovered that eukaryotes are unicellular. Scientists discovered that some prokaryotes live in extreme environments. Scientists discovered that eukaryotes have cell walls. Scientists discovered that some prokaryotes have cell walls.arrow_forward
- Why is there a debate as to whether archaea is classified as prokaryotic or eukaryoticarrow_forwardThe most interesting bacterial group according to Dr. Bragg would be: The Deltaproteobacteria The Firmicutes O The Gammaproteobacteria O The Cyanobacteria All of the following are true statements about events that occur in the apicomplexan life cycle EXCEPT: All of these statements are true. O the sporozoite is the motile infective stage often two completely different organisms host different stages of the life cycle the life cycles include both sexual and asexual stagesarrow_forwardWHICH ORGANISM CAN MOST LIKELY BE CLASSIFIED IN THE DOMAIN BACTERIA? Required to answer. Multiple choice. A predatory organism that depends on hunting plant eaters for food a multicellular organism that reproduces via sores and gets food from a dead log a photosynthetic organism that undergoes sexual reproduction and produces seeds in a cone A unicellular organism that has a simple structure and is commonly found in the intestinesarrow_forward
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Bacterial Endospore Formation -Biology Pundit; Author: Biology Pundit;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6_sinRhE8zA;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Taxonomy of Bacteria: Identification and Classification; Author: Professor Dave Explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8IJRzcPC9wg;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY