Microbiology: A Systems Approach
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781259706615
Author: Marjorie Kelly Cowan Professor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 4.3, Problem 9AYP
Summary Introduction
To discuss:
The reason that gram-positive cell walls are stronger than gram-negative cell walls.
Concept introduction
The bacterial cells are protected by a cell wall majorly composed of peptidoglycan. It is a unique molecule composed of complex of polysaccharides linked by amino acids. It plays important role in bacterial diseases treatment by using specific antibiotics. Based on the structure of the cell wall there are two types of the bacteria: Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria.
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List the major molecules that make up typical Gram-positive and Gram-negative cell walls and note which molecules are unique to each type of cell wall. How do these molecules contribute to the functions of the cell wall?
Explain the difference between Gram positive and Gram negative cell walls.
Describe the cross - section side view of a Gram - negative cell . Clearly state where the following would be located or write the letters in order of appearance from the outside to the inside . If any of these structures are not present , make sure to leave them out . A ) peptidoglycan ; ( B ) periplasm ; ( C ) porin ; ( D ) LPS ; ( E ) teichoic acids ; ( F ) plasma membrane : ( G ) outer membrane : ( H ) nucleoid
Chapter 4 Solutions
Microbiology: A Systems Approach
Ch. 4.1 - List the structures all bacteria possess.Ch. 4.1 - Identify at least four structures that some, but...Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 3AYPCh. 4.1 - Prob. 4AYPCh. 4.1 - Provide at least four terms to describe bacterial...Ch. 4.2 - Describe the structure and function of five...Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 7AYPCh. 4.3 - Prob. 8AYPCh. 4.3 - Prob. 9AYPCh. 4.3 - Prob. 10AYP
Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 11AYPCh. 4.4 - Prob. 12AYPCh. 4.5 - List some differences between archaea and...Ch. 4.6 - Differentiate between Bergeys Manual of Systematic...Ch. 4.6 - Prob. 15AYPCh. 4.6 - Define a species in terms of bacteria.Ch. 4 - Which of the following is not found in all...Ch. 4 - Pili are tubular shafts in ____ bacteria that...Ch. 4 - Prob. 3MCQCh. 4 - Which of the following is a primary bacterial cell...Ch. 4 - Which of the following is present in both...Ch. 4 - Darkly stained granules are concentrated crystals...Ch. 4 - Bacterial endospores usually function in a....Ch. 4 - A bacterial arrangement in packets of eight cells...Ch. 4 - Prob. 9MCQCh. 4 - Prob. 10MCQCh. 4 - Prob. 11TFCh. 4 - A research microbiologist looking at evolutionary...Ch. 4 - Nanobes may or may not actually be bacteria.Ch. 4 - Both bacteria and archaea used to be known as...Ch. 4 - Prob. 15TFCh. 4 - Define the term ubiquitous and explain whether...Ch. 4 - Quorum sensing is a process used by many bacteria...Ch. 4 - Based upon your knowledge of cell wall structure,...Ch. 4 - Provide evidence in support of or refuting the...Ch. 4 - a.Describe the characteristics of an...Ch. 4 - Prob. 1VCCh. 4 - From chapter 1, figure 1.14. Study this figure....Ch. 4 - Prob. 1CM
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- I am doing my microbiology homework and I need help with these questions: 1) List the structures ALL bacteria possess. 2) Identify three structures SOME but not all bacteria possess. 5) Describe the structure and function of three different structures found outside of the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane. 6) Differentiate between the two main types of bacterial envelope structures. 7) Why are Gram-positive cell walls stronger than Gram-negative cell walls? 8) Name a substance in the envelope of SOME bacteria that can cause severe symptoms in humans. 9) Describe the causes of sporogenesis and germination 10) Compare and contrast the major features of archaea, bacteria and eukaryotes by completing the table below. Characteristic Bacteria Archaea Eukarya Chromosome Type of Ribosomes Protein Synthesis Similar to Eukarya Sterols In Membrane Membrane-bound Organelles Peptidoglycan in Cell wallarrow_forwardCompare and contrast the Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial cell walls. Discuss the cell wall components that make the Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial cell wall different from each other. Explain why you think one cell wall is stronger than the other.arrow_forwardWhy do low concentrations of alcohol inhibit Gram-negative bacteria more than Gram-positive bacteria? Explain how the alcohol interacts with: 1) Gram-negative cell wall structures 2) Gram-positive cell wall structuresarrow_forward
- Figure 22.16 Which of the following statements is true? Gram-positive bacteria have a single cell wall anchored to the cell membrane by lipoteichoic acid. Pori ns allow entry of substances into both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria is thick, and the cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria is thin. Gram-negative bacteria have a cell wall made of peptidoglycan, whereas Gram positive bacteria have a cell wall made of lipoteichoic acid.arrow_forwardSelect all CORRECT answer choices regarding the following question: "Which of the following are means by which bacteria bring food into their cells?" Active transport Passive diffusion PTS Facilitated diffusionarrow_forwardWhat prevents Elodea cells from becoming shriveled up like a blood cell would become if placed in a hypertonic solution?arrow_forward
- Which of the following correctly describes one difference between gram-negative bacterial cells and gram-positive bacterial cells? Gram-negative bacteria have more flagella Gram-negative bacteria all have capsules Gram-negative bacteria have an outer lipopolysaccharide layer Gram-negative bacteria are smaller than gram- positive bacteriaarrow_forwardContrast the major structure of gram-positiveand gram-negative cell walls.arrow_forwardWhich of the following correctly describes one difference between gram-positive bacterial cells and gram-negative bacterial cells? Gram-positive bacteria have less peptidoglycan Gram-positive bacteria can all form endospores Gram-positive bacteria have a thicker cell membrane Gram-positive bacteria have more peptidoglycanarrow_forward
- When an animal cell is placed on an isotonic solution, water molecules will A) Move out of the cell, resulting in shrinkage B) move into the cell until it bursts C) move into and out of the cell at equal rates D) stop moving need help for this, thanksarrow_forwardWhat are the structural differences between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria cell walls? Can you explain what would happen to the cell wall's physical integrity while applying the Gram staining technique?arrow_forwardWhich of the following statement/s is/are true about gram positive bacteria Cell wall has thick peptidoglycan layer Cell wall lipid content is very low Lipopolyscharride layer is absent All of the abovearrow_forward
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