Loose Leaf For Integrated Principles Of Zoology
18th Edition
ISBN: 9781260411140
Author: Cleveland P Hickman Jr. Emeritus, Susan L. Keen, David J Eisenhour Professor PhD, Allan Larson, Helen I'Anson Associate Professor of Biology
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 4, Problem 2RQ
Explain what is meant by “free energy” in a system. Will a reaction that proceeds spontaneously have a positive or negative change in free energy?
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In a transition state diagram, which of the following are features of the transition state (TS)? There
may be more than one correct answer, select all that apply.
The change in energy in ground state to the transition state represents the Gibbs Free Energy
If the reaction is reversible, the TS will only progress forward to form products
The TS occupies a trough
The TS is associated with the highest energy
The TS occupies the highest peak
Use the following graph to diagram the energetics of a chemical reaction, with and without an enzyme. Be sure to position reactants and products at appropriate points and to indicate the stages in the reaction and the energy levels.
Drag and drop the statements to the
correct box:
Enzymes DO:
Decrease required
activation energy
Enzymes DON'T:
Remain unchanged
during the reaction
Increase the reaction
rate
Energy
Change the products
made
Activation
energy
(X+Y)
reactants
Change the
reactants used
Activation Energy
A
Activation
energy
(Y→X)
products
ΔΗ
Reaction path
Reaction without catalyst
Reaction with catalyst
Name two things we learned
that can denature an enzyme:
Chapter 4 Solutions
Loose Leaf For Integrated Principles Of Zoology
Ch. 4 - State the first and second laws of thermodynamics....Ch. 4 - Explain what is meant by free energy in a system....Ch. 4 - Many biochemical reactions proceed slowly unless...Ch. 4 - What happens in the formation of an...Ch. 4 - Explain three ways that enzymes may be regulated...Ch. 4 - What is meant by a high-energy bond, and why might...Ch. 4 - Although ATP supplies energy to an endergonic...Ch. 4 - What is an oxidation-reduction reaction and why...Ch. 4 - Give an example of a final electron acceptor found...Ch. 4 - Why must glucose be primed with a high energy...
Ch. 4 - What happens to the electrons removed during the...Ch. 4 - Why is acetyl-CoA considered a strategic...Ch. 4 - Why are oxygen molecules important in oxidative...Ch. 4 - Explain how animals can generate ATP without...Ch. 4 - Why are animal fats sometimes called the king of...Ch. 4 - The breakdown of amino acids yields two products:...Ch. 4 - Explain the relationship between the amount of...Ch. 4 - Prob. 1FFT
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- The movement of energy between living organisms is a matter of atoms, molecules and compounds being built into larger molecules or being broke into smaller ones. Reviewing the two equations for energy transference, which one is building energy? 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy --------> C6H12O6 + 6O2 C6H12O6 + 6O2 ---------> 6CO2 + 6H2O + energyarrow_forwardWhat is the most common form of kinetic energy that is released from chemical energy in chemical reactions?arrow_forwardCompare the energy dynamics of a reaction at equilibrium with the dynamics of a reaction not at equilibrium.arrow_forward
- a) What is the Steady State assumption; how does steady state differ from equilibrium? b) Transition state; what are two ways that enzymes can decrease the transition state energy?arrow_forwardWhich of the following describe(s) an exergonic reaction? energy is released non-spontaneous energy is absorbed spontaneousarrow_forwardMatch each component of the reaction in the figure with the corresponding relative energy level.arrow_forward
- Enzymes are biological catalysts that fulfill the following general reaction mechanism: E+S [ES] [EP] E + P Where E is enzyme, S is substrate, and P is product. Briefly describe how an enzyme is able to speed of the rate of a reaction:arrow_forwardDescribe the relations between the enzyme catalysis of a reaction, the thermodynamics of the reaction, and the formation of the transition state.arrow_forwardWhich one of the following statements is completely TRUE? O When AG > 0, the reaction is BOTH product-favored (spontaneous) AND endergonic. When AG 0, the reaction is BOTH reactant-favored (nonspontaneous) AND endergonic. When AG > 0, the reaction is BOTH product-favored (spontaneous) AND exergonic. When AG > 0, the reaction is BOTH reactant-favored (nonspontaneous) AND exergonic. When AG < 0, the reaction is BOTH reactant-favored (nonspontaneous) AND exergonic.arrow_forward
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