Loose Leaf For Integrated Principles Of Zoology
18th Edition
ISBN: 9781260411140
Author: Cleveland P Hickman Jr. Emeritus, Susan L. Keen, David J Eisenhour Professor PhD, Allan Larson, Helen I'Anson Associate Professor of Biology
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 4, Problem 13RQ
Why are oxygen molecules important in oxidative phosphorylation? What are the consequences if they are absent for a short period of time in tissues that routinely use oxidative phosphorylation to produce useful energy?
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What would be the effect on ATP production during chemiosmosis and oxidative phorphorylation, if the pH within the inner membrane space of the mitochondrion were decreased, assuming no effect of pH on the structure of proteins in the membrane?
a) it would increase
b) it would decrease
c)it would stay the same
What is the direct mechanism of ATP synthesis during the electron transport phase of
cellular respiration? (what is the potential energy source that drives ATP production?) b) Why is
oxygen needed for this phase? c) What is the role of ATP synthase
Which effects the increased levels of hydrogen ions in the inter-membrane space of
the mitochondria?
a) Decreased levels of chemiosmosis
b) Increased levels of water in inter-membrane space
c) Increase ATP production
d) Decreased levels of oxidative phosphorylation
Chapter 4 Solutions
Loose Leaf For Integrated Principles Of Zoology
Ch. 4 - State the first and second laws of thermodynamics....Ch. 4 - Explain what is meant by free energy in a system....Ch. 4 - Many biochemical reactions proceed slowly unless...Ch. 4 - What happens in the formation of an...Ch. 4 - Explain three ways that enzymes may be regulated...Ch. 4 - What is meant by a high-energy bond, and why might...Ch. 4 - Although ATP supplies energy to an endergonic...Ch. 4 - What is an oxidation-reduction reaction and why...Ch. 4 - Give an example of a final electron acceptor found...Ch. 4 - Why must glucose be primed with a high energy...
Ch. 4 - What happens to the electrons removed during the...Ch. 4 - Why is acetyl-CoA considered a strategic...Ch. 4 - Why are oxygen molecules important in oxidative...Ch. 4 - Explain how animals can generate ATP without...Ch. 4 - Why are animal fats sometimes called the king of...Ch. 4 - The breakdown of amino acids yields two products:...Ch. 4 - Explain the relationship between the amount of...Ch. 4 - Prob. 1FFT
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- What is the physiological significance of aerobic cellular respiration?arrow_forwarda) What is the process by which cells generate ATP through a series of redox (chemical) reactions called? How many ATPs generated through this process from one Glucose molecule? b) What does cellular respiration accomplish for the cell? c) What happens to the NADH produced in glycolysis? Why does it need to get into the mitochondria? d) Write the role of O2 in cellular respiration. e) What happens to our body’s enzyme activity during fever? f) What is the difference between apo-enzyme and holo-enzyme? g) What is meant by the term specificity in relation to enzyme activity? h) If humans evolved from apes, why are there still apes? i) What are the risk factors of type 2 diabetes? j) Why was Lamarck wrong about giraffes?arrow_forwardIndicate whether each of the following processes would be expected to involve the conversion of ATP to ADP or the conversion of ADP to ATP. a) Heart muscle contraction b) transport of nutrients to various locations in the bodyarrow_forward
- Which of the following statements correctly describes why white muscle fibers do not need is mini mitochondria as red muscle fibers? a) want muscle fibers use anaerobic respiration which does not occur in the mitochondria b) what muscle fibers use anaerobic respiration which requires more efficient mitochondria than aerobic respiration c) white muscle fibers get more oxygen than the red muscle fibersarrow_forwardWhich cell structure contains the enzymes required for oxidativephosphorylation?arrow_forwardWhy are electron carriers (NAD+/NADH and FAD/FADH2) so important in the process of cellular respiration? A)NADH and FADH2 are major components of the ETC, so without them, there would be no ETC in the cell. B)They deliver electrons to the ETC, which in turn sets up chemiosmosis, where most of the ATP is generated. C)They separate the electrons from the protons so that the protons can be moved out of the mitochondrion. D)The electrons that they carry are able to directly phosphorylate ADP in order to generate the bulk of ATP in the cell. E) They transport protons across the mitochondrial membrane. 14.arrow_forward
- What accounts for the different number of ATP molecules that are formed through cellular respiration?arrow_forwardRank the molecules/sets of molecules highest to lowest in terms of how much ATP can be obtained from them during aerobic cell respiration. a) glucose > 2 pyruvate > 2 acetyl CoA b) 2 acetyl CoA > 2 pyruvate > glucose c) glucose > 2 acetyl CoA > 2 pyruvate d) 2 acetyl coA > glucose> 2 pyruvate e) 2 pyruvate > glucose > 2 acetyl CoAarrow_forwardUnder extensive energy needs cells are constantly converting sugar into CO2 as a result of cellular respiration. In order for this process to occur cells need a significant amount of Oxygen. Explain how the production of CO2 and other biproducts of cellular respiration leads to efficient delivery of Oxygen to the cell. ( hint: think T&R state)arrow_forward
- Thermogenin in the inner membrane of brown fat cell mitochondria does all of the following except A) decrease the proton gradient. B) uncouple ATP synthesis from electron transport. C) generate heat. D) decrease ATP synthesis. E) increase ATP synthesisarrow_forwardwhich of these events occur during the normal function of ATP in the cell?arrow_forward(a) Starting with one molecule of glucose, how many ATPs are produced during (I) aerobic and (II) anaerobic respiration? (b) In chemiosmotic (oxidative) phosphorylation, what is the most direct source of energy that is used to convert ADP + Pi to ATP and what the driving force for the ATP formation through ATP synthase?arrow_forward
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