Campbell Biology: Concepts & Connections (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780134296012
Author: Martha R. Taylor, Eric J. Simon, Jean L. Dickey, Kelly A. Hogan, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 4, Problem 16TYK
Describe the pathway of the protein hormone insulin from its gene to its export from a cell of your pancreas.
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A certain type of tumor results in the overproduction of glucagon. Researchers claim that treatment with insulin can counteract the effects of the excess glucagon on the pathway shown in Figure 2. Provide reasoning to justify the researchers' claim.
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Chapter 4 Solutions
Campbell Biology: Concepts & Connections (9th Edition)
Ch. 4 - Label the structures in this diagram of an animal...Ch. 4 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 4 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 4 - Which of the following clues would tell you...Ch. 4 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 4 - What four cellular components are shared by...Ch. 4 - Describe two different ways in which cilia can...Ch. 4 - In which cell would you find the most lysosomes?...Ch. 4 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 4 - Prob. 10TYK
Ch. 4 - In which cell would you find the most...Ch. 4 - In what ways do the internal membranes of a...Ch. 4 - Is this statement true or false? Animal cells have...Ch. 4 - Describe the structure of the plasma membrane of...Ch. 4 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 4 - Describe the pathway of the protein hormone...Ch. 4 - How might the phrase ingested but not digested be...Ch. 4 - Cilia are found on cells in almost every organ of...Ch. 4 - SCIENTIFIC THINKING Microtubules often produce...
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- Figure 37.11 Pancreatic tumors may cause excess secretion of glucagon. Type I diabetes results from the failure of the pancreas to produce insulin. Which of the following statement about these two conditions is true? A pancreatic tumor and type I diabetes will have the opposite effects on blood sugar levels. A pancreatic tumor and type I diabetes will both cause hyperglycemia. A pancreatic tumor and type I diabetes will both cause hypoglycemia. Both pancreatic tumors and type I diabetes result in the inability of cells to take up glucose.arrow_forwardWhich of the following labeled cells in the photomicrograph shown synthesizes antimullerian hormone? A B C D Earrow_forwardInsulin signals activate all of the following enzymes except: Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) Protein kinase B (PKB; or Akt) All of the above enzymes are activated by insulin signals Citrate move in and out of mitochondria via a specific transport protein. What would happen if aninhibitor completely inhibited this transport system? Fatty acid biosynthesis would slow down Ketone body synthesis would slow down Both A and B Neither A nor Barrow_forward
- Diabetes often results in the production of reduced levels of insulin. Researchers claim that a drug that binds to and blocks the active site of GSK3 might mimic the role of insulin in the pathway shown in Figure 2. Provide reasoning to justify the researchers' claim.arrow_forwardWhy is it physiologically advantageous for the pancreas to use GLUT2, with a high Ky glucose entry into ß cells? M, as the transporter that allows GLUT2 is a low-affinity glucose transporter; therefore, insulin is only released in response to elevated circulating glucose levels. GLUT2 is a low-affinity glucose transporter; therefore, glucagon is only released in response to elevated circulating glucose levels. GLUT2 is a high-affinity glucose transporter; therefore, glucagon is released continuously in response to the constant rate of glucose uptake. GLUT2 is a high-affinity glucose transporter; therefore, insulin is released continuously in response to the constant rate of glucose uptake.arrow_forwardPeople with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus are generally not ketosis prone. This is thought to be a result of: the lack of increase in glucagons in the se individuals the presence of insulin in the individuals their obesity the fact that, their blood glucose levels do not tend to rise significantly Metabolic actions of insulin include all of the following except: increased glycogenesis decreased gluconeogenesis increased basal metabolic rate increased skeletal muscle amino acid up-take all of the above are metabolic actions of insulinarrow_forward
- Epinephrine stimulates glycogen breakdown by activating glycogen phosphorylase. However, in the research lab, no glycogen breakdown occurred when epinephrine was added to a test tube containing the enzyme and its substrate, glycogen. Explain why glycogen phosphorylase could be activated by epinephrine only when the hormone was added to intact cells in a solution.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is FALSE about Insulin? O Zinc plays a role in the synthesis, storage, and secretion of insulin and binds insulin in the hexameric form. O Type 2 diabetes patients are resistant to the effects of Insulin. O Animal-sourced insulin (taken from the pancreases of pigs) is currently the largest and safest source of insulin production. O Lispro insulin is fast acting because it is mutated to prevent dimerization.arrow_forwardUnder which of the following conditions would you NOT expect gluconeogenesis to occur? in response to cortisol in response to glucagon when ATP levels are low when glucose levels are low when fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase is activatedarrow_forward
- Among a large number of GIT hormones only a handful have been well characterized briefly discuss about them.arrow_forwardIslet cells in the pancreas are actively synthesizing and secreting insulin into the bloodstream. A scientist purifies different membranous fractions of these islet cells. In which fraction would she find insulin or its intermediates?arrow_forwardGluT transporters are responsible for passive transport of Glucose into the cell to yield G-6-P that cannot exit the cell; in liver cells this process is always regulated by insulin. True or Falsearrow_forward
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