Foundations in Microbiology
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781259705212
Author: Kathleen Park Talaro, Barry Chess Instructor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 3.L2, Problem 1VC
Examine figure 3.10a, b (shown here). If you performed the quadrant streak plate method using a broth culture that had 10 x fewer cells than the broth used in the culture shown, which quadrant might you expect to yield isolated colonies? Explain your answer.
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There are two cultures of yeast cells in the pictures, one has been incubated for 6 hours and one has been incubated for 24 hours. After a 10x dilution by taking 100µl of each culture and adding it to 900 µl water in a microcentrifuge tube and 100µl sample from the tube was taken to view in the counting chamber.
a) Count the total number of yeast cells for each culture respectively
b) Calculate the concentration and density of yeast cells for each culture respectively
When analyzing your results after performing a serial dilution, you obtain an average of 40 colonies on your 1 x 106 plate. How many cells were in the original sample?
If you were using the quadrant streak plate method to plate a very dilute broth culture (with
many fewer bacteria than the broth used for the plate pictured here), would you expect to
see single, isolated colonies in quadrant 4 or quadrant 3? Explain your answer.
Chapter 3 Solutions
Foundations in Microbiology
Ch. 3.1 - Explain what unique characteristics of...Ch. 3.1 - Briefly outline the processes and purposes of the...Ch. 3.1 - Name the notable features of microorganisms that...Ch. 3.1 - In one sentence each, define what is involved in...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 3ELOCh. 3.2 - Prob. 4ELOCh. 3.2 - Prob. 5ELOCh. 3.2 - Prob. 6ELOCh. 3.2 - Prob. 7ELOCh. 3.2 - Prob. 8ELO
Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 3CYPCh. 3.2 - Prob. 4CYPCh. 3.2 - Prob. 5CYPCh. 3.2 - Prob. 6CYPCh. 3.2 - Prob. 7CYPCh. 3.2 - Prob. 8CYPCh. 3.2 - Prob. 9CYPCh. 3.2 - Compare the way that the image is formed in the...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 9ELOCh. 3.3 - Define dyes and describe the basic chemistry...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 11ELOCh. 3.3 - Distinguish between simple, differential, and...Ch. 3.3 - Describe the process of Gram staining and how its...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 11CYPCh. 3.3 - Explain what happens in positive staining to cause...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 13CYPCh. 3.3 - For a stain to be considered differential, what...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 15CYPCh. 3.4 - Prob. 14ELOCh. 3.4 - Prob. 15ELOCh. 3.4 - Explain what an isolated colony is and indicate...Ch. 3.4 - Differentiate between a pure culture, subculture,...Ch. 3.4 - What kinds of data are collected during...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 19ELOCh. 3.4 - Prob. 16CYPCh. 3.4 - Prob. 17CYPCh. 3.4 - Prob. 18CYPCh. 3.4 - Compare and contrast three common laboratory...Ch. 3.4 - Describe how an isolated colony forms.Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 21CYPCh. 3.5 - Prob. 20ELOCh. 3.5 - Name the three general categories of media, based...Ch. 3.5 - Compare and contrast liquid, solid, and semisolid...Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 23ELOCh. 3.5 - Prob. 24ELOCh. 3.5 - Identify the qualities of enriched, selective, and...Ch. 3.5 - Explain what it means to say that microorganisms...Ch. 3.5 - Describe live media and the circumstances that...Ch. 3.5 - Describe the main purposes of media, and compare...Ch. 3.5 - Differentiate among the ingredients and functions...Ch. 3.5 - Explain the two principal functions of dyes in...Ch. 3.5 - Why are some bacteria difficult to grow in the...Ch. 3.5 - What conditions are necessary to cultivate viruses...Ch. 3.L1 - Prob. 1MCQCh. 3.L1 - Prob. 2MCQCh. 3.L1 - Prob. 3MCQCh. 3.L1 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 3.L1 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 3.L1 - Prob. 6MCQCh. 3.L1 - Resolution is _____________ with a longer...Ch. 3.L1 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 3.L1 - Prob. 9MCQCh. 3.L1 - The specimen for an electron microscope is always...Ch. 3.L1 - Motility is best observed with a a. hanging drop...Ch. 3.L1 - Prob. 12MCQCh. 3.L1 - Prob. 13MCQCh. 3.L1 - Prob. 14MCQCh. 3.L1 - What type of medium is used to maintain and...Ch. 3.L1 - Prob. 16MCQCh. 3.L1 - Multiple Matching. For each type of medium, select...Ch. 3.L1 - Prob. 1CSRCh. 3.L1 - Prob. 2CSRCh. 3.L1 - Prob. 3CSRCh. 3.L1 - Prob. 1WCCh. 3.L1 - Prob. 2WCCh. 3.L1 - Prob. 3WCCh. 3.L1 - Describe the steps of the Gram stain, and explain...Ch. 3.L1 - Describe the steps you would take to isolate,...Ch. 3.L1 - Prob. 6WCCh. 3.L1 - Evaluate the following preparations in terms of...Ch. 3.L2 - A certain medium has the following composition: a....Ch. 3.L2 - a. Name four categories that blood agar fits. b....Ch. 3.L2 - Prob. 3CTCh. 3.L2 - Go back to section 1.2 and observe the six...Ch. 3.L2 - Since the dyes for the Gram stain are not specific...Ch. 3.L2 - Examine figure 3.10a, b (shown here). If you...Ch. 3.L2 - Prob. 2VC
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- A strep culture is sampled at two points in time, 1 hour and 10 minutes apart. 3.2 x 105 cells/ml are found in the first sample, and 1.8 x 107 cells/ml in the second sample. What was the generation or doubling time (in minutes)?arrow_forwardYou have identified two colony types A and B on the streak plate. Now briefly describe (in 3-4 sentences) the process of how you identified the cellular morphology/arrangement of each isolate. Again, assume you have all the necessary equipment and materials at your disposal. Be concise and thorough, not verbose; e.g., refer to the Gram stain, but describing the details of each step is not necessary. Following the description, provide the cell morphology information for each isolate. Isolate A – Describe: Cellular morphology & arrangement: Gram stain color & result: Isolate B – Describe: Cellular morphology & arrangement: Gram stain color & result:arrow_forwardYou have identified two colony types A and B on the streak plate. Now briefly describe (in 3-4 sentences) the process of how you identified the cellular morphology/arrangement of each isolate. Again, assume you have all the necessary equipment and materials at your disposal. Be concise and thorough, not verbose; e.g., refer to the Gram stain, but describing the details of each step is not necessary.arrow_forward
- On agar plate does each discrete colony represent the growth of one cell? Explain your answer. Why can a single colony on a plate be used to start a pure culture?arrow_forwardYou are given a bacterial culture which has a concentration of approximately 5.0 x 10^8 cells/mL. List a series of dilutions and platings that you could carry out in order to determine the exact concentration of the culture. Note that you must plate four plates from a minimum of two dilution tubes. The volumes plated should be in the range of 0.1 mL – 1.0 mL. Duplicate volumes may not be plated from any one dilution tube. Each plating should aim for a count between 30 and 300 CFUs. You can select any value from 30-300 for CFU and any volume from 0.1-1.0 to find out dilution schemearrow_forwardYou are added 60mL of soil slurry to 540mL of sterile water. You can transferred 1000uL of that dilution to 9 mL of water. You then prepared a 10-7 dilution from that tube. You finally transfer 1 uL of that to a TSA plate. After 48 hours, you counted 32 colonies on quarter of the plate. (A) How many cells/mL were present in the original soil sample? (B) How many colonies would be present on the plate if you would have plated 1mL of the last sample? (C) How many milliliters would you need to prepare a 10-4 from 100uL of sample?arrow_forward
- If you were using the quadrant streak plate method to plate a very dilute broth culture ( with many fewer bacteria the broth used for the plate picture here), would you expect to see single, isolated colored in quadrant 4 or quadrant3? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardWhy is it important to use a sterilized loop between streaks when preparing a streakplate? Observation of a streakplate culture shows more growth in Quadrant 4 than in Quadrant 3. Account for this observation. Describe the way in which you can isolate an individual colony from a spreadplate or a streakplate that holds multiple colonies. Outline the differences between a streak plate and a spread plate.arrow_forwardIn a plate count, 1 mL of culture is spread on a plate and incubated for 24 hours. 250 colonies are counted. Answer the question below. there were _____cells in the 1 mL of culture that was spread on the plate. If the culture was diluted 1:100 prior to plating, how many cells were there per mL in the original culture? _________arrow_forward
- You are given a 1 gram soil sample of unknown bacterial load. After doing 10-fold serial dilutions of the soil in sterile water, 100 uL volumes are taken from each dilution for preparation of pour plates. Following incubation, each half of the 10-8 plate has 46 colonies.a) What was the dilution factor?b) How many bacteria were present in the soil?2. Staphylococcus aureus divides every 20 minutes. A culture begins with 10 bacterial cells.a) After 5 hours, how many generations have occurredb) After 5 hours, how many bacteria are present?3. How many milliliters would you need to prepare a 10-2 dilution from a 10ml starting culture?arrow_forwarda. Identify the cell shape, cell arrangement, and Gram reaction of the Unknown microbe in the image below. b. Suppose the corresponding Gram negative control were purple. Explain what step(s) of the Gram stain you would adjust and how you would adjust them to ensure the accuracy of your Unknown resultsarrow_forwardThree grams of soil from the ground were added to 27 mL of sterile water and shaken vigorously. After the soil particles settled, 0.1 mL of this was added to 9.9 mL of sterile water. This was further diluted by 4 successive 1/10 dilutions. One mL from the last dilution was used to prepare a pour plate. After incubation, 289 colonies were present on this plate. What was the number of colony-forming units/gram of the soil?arrow_forward
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