Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781337408332
Author: Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 35, Problem 5SQ
Summary Introduction
Introduction: A type of hormone produced by the parathyroid gland that functions in bone remodeling is called as parathyroid hormone. It can also act as an important regulator of the blood calcium.
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Osteoporosis is a loss of bone density that can be caused by low concentrations of calcium in bones. Abnormal bone calcium is MOST likely caused by dysregulation of which organ?
A.
adrenal gland
B.
pancreas
C.
parathyroid gland
D.
thymus
1. a When blood calcium levels decrease below their normal levels, ____________ is released.
A.
osteoblastin
B.
calcitonin
C.
parathyroid hormone
D.
testosterone
Which substances inhibit bone reabsorption?
a. Osteoprotegerin (OPG) and estrogen
b. Prostaglandin (PGE2) and tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a)
c. Osteoprotegerin (OPG) and tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a)
d. Prostaglandin (PGE2) and estrogen
Chapter 35 Solutions
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 35 - Prob. 1DAACh. 35 - Prob. 2DAACh. 35 - Prob. 3DAACh. 35 - Prob. 4DAACh. 35 - An endoskeleton consists of _________. a. a fluid...Ch. 35 - Prob. 2SQCh. 35 - Prob. 3SQCh. 35 - A ligament connects ________. a. bones at a joint...Ch. 35 - Prob. 5SQCh. 35 - The ___ attaches to the pelvic girdle. a. radius...
Ch. 35 - The ________ is the basic unit of contraction. a....Ch. 35 - In sarcomeres, phosphate-group transfers from ATP...Ch. 35 - A sarcomere shortens when ________. a. thick...Ch. 35 - Prob. 10SQCh. 35 - Prob. 11SQCh. 35 - A motor unit is _________. a. a muscle and the...Ch. 35 - _______ from a motor neuron excites a muscle...Ch. 35 - The sarcoplasmic reticulum stores and releases...Ch. 35 - Match the words with their defining feature. _____...Ch. 35 - Continued strenuous activity can cause lactate to...Ch. 35 - After death, calcium pumps no longer function and...Ch. 35 - Bully whippets are homozygous for a deletion of...Ch. 35 - Athletes tend to have stronger bones than...
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- Bisphosphonates are a class of medications that treat osteoporosis by slowing the breakdown of bone. What type of cells do bisphosphonates target? A. Osteoclasts B. Mesenchymal stem cells C. Osteocytes D. Osteoblastsarrow_forwardWhich substance stimulates bone reabsorption? a. Osteoprotegerin (OPG) and estrogen b. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) c. Osteoprotegerin (OPG) and tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) d. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and estrogenarrow_forwardBones grow in diameter due to bone formation ______________. Choose one answer. a. in the medullary cavity b. in the epiphyseal plate c. beneath the periosteum d. within the metaphysisarrow_forward
- Which of the following hormones increases blood calcium levels?a. calcitonin b. thyroxine (T4)c. parathyroid hormone d. mineralocorticoidarrow_forwardRheumatoid arthritis is a systemic disorder characterized by the body's immune system recognizing that is/are foreign, resulting in a severe immune response. A. articular cartilage B. synovial tissues C. osteophytes D. subchondral bone E. chondrocytesarrow_forwardGlucocorticoids increse bone _______; high levels of serotonin lead to ______ bone density. A. formation; high B. formation; low C. loss; high D. loss; lowarrow_forward
- 1. Vitamin D is important for bone health because it also directly performs which function of PTH? A. Increased osteoclast activity B. Decreased reabsorption of phosphate C. Increased absorption of calcium from the small intestinearrow_forwardWhich of the following gland secretes insulin?A. Pituitary B. Thyroid C. Pancreas D. Ovariesarrow_forwardOsteoarthritis refers to _______. A inflammation of the joints due wear and tear on the cartilage with aging B bone pain caused by an autoimmune disease that destroys osteons C a decrease in bone mineral density due to insufficient dietary calcium and vitamin D D microfractures in vertebrae caused by excessive osteoclast activityarrow_forward
- When blood calcium levels are low, PTH stimulates ________. a. urinary excretion of calcium by the kidneys b. a reduction in calcium absorption from the intestines c. the activity of osteoblasts d. the activity of osteoclastsarrow_forwardActive, living tissues found in bone include ______________. a. blood b. nervous tissue c. bone tissue d. all of the abovearrow_forwardWhat can a deficiency of growth hormone during bone formation cause? a.increased osteoclast activity b.decreased osteoclast activity c.decreased epiphyseal plate activity d.inadequate calcification of bonearrow_forward
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