Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781337408332
Author: Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 35, Problem 10SQ
Summary Introduction
Introduction: ATP is required for the contraction of muscles. The muscle fibers can also produce ATP mainly by using the three pathways. The muscle fibers can be classified into mainly two types depending up on their ability to speed up the conversion of ATP to ADP by the myosin. They are slow fibers and fast fibers. The fast fibers include the white muscle fibers. The red fibers can be either slow fibers or fast fibers.
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Muscle relaxation occurs when ________. a. calcium ions are actively transported out of the sarcoplasmic reticulum b. calcium ions diffuse out of the sarcoplasmic reticulum c. calcium ions are actively transported into the sarcoplasmic reticulum d. calcium ions diffuse into the sarcoplasmic reticulum
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Chapter 35 Solutions
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 35 - Prob. 1DAACh. 35 - Prob. 2DAACh. 35 - Prob. 3DAACh. 35 - Prob. 4DAACh. 35 - An endoskeleton consists of _________. a. a fluid...Ch. 35 - Prob. 2SQCh. 35 - Prob. 3SQCh. 35 - A ligament connects ________. a. bones at a joint...Ch. 35 - Prob. 5SQCh. 35 - The ___ attaches to the pelvic girdle. a. radius...
Ch. 35 - The ________ is the basic unit of contraction. a....Ch. 35 - In sarcomeres, phosphate-group transfers from ATP...Ch. 35 - A sarcomere shortens when ________. a. thick...Ch. 35 - Prob. 10SQCh. 35 - Prob. 11SQCh. 35 - A motor unit is _________. a. a muscle and the...Ch. 35 - _______ from a motor neuron excites a muscle...Ch. 35 - The sarcoplasmic reticulum stores and releases...Ch. 35 - Match the words with their defining feature. _____...Ch. 35 - Continued strenuous activity can cause lactate to...Ch. 35 - After death, calcium pumps no longer function and...Ch. 35 - Bully whippets are homozygous for a deletion of...Ch. 35 - Athletes tend to have stronger bones than...
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- In sustained, moderate exercise, skeletal muscle is predominantly using ______________ as its energy source. a. amino acids b. glucagon c. fatty acids d. creatine phosphatearrow_forwardThe muscles of a professional marathon runner are most likely to have ________.a. 80 percent fast-twitch muscle fibers and 20 percent slow-twitch muscle fibersb. 20 percent fast-twitch muscle fibers and 80 percent slow-twitch muscle fibersc. 50 percent fast-twitch muscle fibers and 50 percent slow-twitch muscle fibersd. 40 percent fast-twitch muscle fibers and 60 percent slow-twitch muscle fibersarrow_forward. Injection of C. botulinum toxin (Botox)______ . a. causes irreversible muscle contraction b. stimulates formation of ATP from ADP c. prevents release of ACh by motor neurons d. blocks the actin binding site of myosinarrow_forward
- During muscle contraction, calicum ions bind to A. Actin Filaments B. Tropomyosin C. Troponin D. Myosin Filamentsarrow_forwardPlease help Muscle fatigue is caused by ________.a. buildup of ATP and lactic acid levelsb. exhaustion of energy reserves and buildup of lactic acid levelsc. buildup of ATP and pyruvic acid levelsd. exhaustion of energy reserves and buildup of pyruvic acid levelsarrow_forwardMotor units in a muscle contract _______________ and this helps _______________ fatigue. a. synchronously; prevent b. asynchronously; prevent c. synchronously; promote c. asynchronously; promote d. b and carrow_forward
- The muscles of a professional sprinter are most likely to have ________.a. 80 percent fast-twitch muscle fibers and 20 percent slow-twitch muscle fibersb. 20 percent fast-twitch muscle fibers and 80 percent slow-twitch muscle fibersc. 50 percent fast-twitch muscle fibers and 50 percent slow-twitch muscle fibersd. 40 percent fast-twitch muscle fibers and 60 percent slow-twitch muscle fibersarrow_forwardUnlike skeletal muscle cells, cardiac muscle cells________." A do not use the sliding filament mechanism of contraction B are not striated C do not rely on an influx of Ca+2 for contraction to occur D do not require neural stimulation to contractarrow_forwardThe type of muscle cell under voluntary control is the ________. a. smooth muscle b. skeletal muscle c. cardiac muscle d. visceral musclearrow_forward
- If cardiac muscle cells were prevented from undergoing aerobic metabolism, they ultimately would ________.a. undergo glycolysisb. synthesize ATPc. stop contractingd. start contractingarrow_forwardSimone Biles, the Olympic Champion in gymnastics, does an insane amount of anaerobic exercise. She would likely have a greater proportion of _________ muscle fibers compared to a world class marathon runner. A. Type VX B. Type XX C. Type II D. Type Iarrow_forwardburst of Calchu musc res an ldum Which of the following is true concerning the role of Calcium in the contraction of muscle- cells? 20. A. skeletal muscle cells require a burst of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. B. smooth muscle cells require a burst of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. C. cardiac muscle cells require a burst of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. D. All of the above are correct. to an ent. response to an ertraceil m-currentarrow_forward
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