The enzymatic reaction involving pyruvate dehydrogenase in the intermediate stage – the place where it occurs, if the process needs oxygen. Concept introduction: Glycolysis is the first step of cellular respiration process. In this process, there is an initial reactant in the form of a six carbon compound called glucose which is a carbohydrate and is a monomer of starch which is a polymer formed of many glucose subunits. Its end product is the formation of three carbon compound called pyruvate or pyruvic acid which is the end product and the last reaction of glycolysis in which there is the formation of pyruvate is catalyzed by enzyme pyruvate kinase.

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Definition Definition Set of metabolic processes and reactions that produce energy from organic substances such as glucose. Cellular respiration takes place in the organism’s cells, where the chemical energy from nutrients or molecules of oxygen is converted into adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Cellular respiration that occurs in the presence of oxygen is called aerobic respiration; in the absence of oxygen, it is called anaerobic respiration.

Chapter 3.4, Problem 21WDYL

Summary Introduction

To explain:

The enzymatic reaction involving pyruvate dehydrogenase in the intermediate stage – the place where it occurs, if the process needs oxygen.

Concept introduction:

Glycolysis is the first step of cellular respiration process. In this process, there is an initial reactant in the form of a six carbon compound called glucose which is a carbohydrate and is a monomer of starch which is a polymer formed of many glucose subunits. Its end product is the formation of three carbon compound called pyruvate or pyruvic acid which is the end product and the last reaction of glycolysis in which there is the formation of pyruvate is catalyzed by enzyme pyruvate kinase.

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The “bridge reaction”, using pyruvate dehydrogenase, is highly exergonic and is essentially irreversible. Name the 3 outcomes (name any activated carriers produced, name the molecule that is produced from losing one carbon atom from pyruvate, and name any modification to the remaining two carbon compound of interest ) of the separate enzyme activities found within the large dehydrogenase complex.

Explain in detail of the process of cellular respiration, including all the stages of cellular respiration (glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation) and explain the substrate and product of each pathway. And make a table of the products formed at the end of glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation (ATPs, NADHs, water, and carbon dioxide). Then discuss about oxidation-reduction of various molecules that are a part of these pathways.

Indicate which of the pathways for pyruvate acetyle CoA, lactate, and/or ethanol occur under each of the following conditions.

Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Set of metabolic processes and reactions that produce energy from organic substances such as glucose. Cellular respiration takes place in the organism’s cells, where the chemical energy from nutrients or molecules of oxygen is converted into adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Cellular respiration that occurs in the presence of oxygen is called aerobic respiration; in the absence of oxygen, it is called anaerobic respiration.

Chapter 3.4, Problem 21WDYL

Summary Introduction

To explain:

The enzymatic reaction involving pyruvate dehydrogenase in the intermediate stage – the place where it occurs, if the process needs oxygen.

Concept introduction:

Glycolysis is the first step of cellular respiration process. In this process, there is an initial reactant in the form of a six carbon compound called glucose which is a carbohydrate and is a monomer of starch which is a polymer formed of many glucose subunits. Its end product is the formation of three carbon compound called pyruvate or pyruvic acid which is the end product and the last reaction of glycolysis in which there is the formation of pyruvate is catalyzed by enzyme pyruvate kinase.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Set of metabolic processes and reactions that produce energy from organic substances such as glucose. Cellular respiration takes place in the organism’s cells, where the chemical energy from nutrients or molecules of oxygen is converted into adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Cellular respiration that occurs in the presence of oxygen is called aerobic respiration; in the absence of oxygen, it is called anaerobic respiration.

Chapter 3.4, Problem 21WDYL

Summary Introduction

To explain:

The enzymatic reaction involving pyruvate dehydrogenase in the intermediate stage – the place where it occurs, if the process needs oxygen.

Concept introduction:

Glycolysis is the first step of cellular respiration process. In this process, there is an initial reactant in the form of a six carbon compound called glucose which is a carbohydrate and is a monomer of starch which is a polymer formed of many glucose subunits. Its end product is the formation of three carbon compound called pyruvate or pyruvic acid which is the end product and the last reaction of glycolysis in which there is the formation of pyruvate is catalyzed by enzyme pyruvate kinase.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Set of metabolic processes and reactions that produce energy from organic substances such as glucose. Cellular respiration takes place in the organism’s cells, where the chemical energy from nutrients or molecules of oxygen is converted into adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Cellular respiration that occurs in the presence of oxygen is called aerobic respiration; in the absence of oxygen, it is called anaerobic respiration.

Chapter 3.4, Problem 21WDYL

Summary Introduction