Biology
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781260487947
Author: BROOKER
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 30, Problem 7TY
Summary Introduction
Introduction: A microbiome is an environment in which many species of microbes with their genes are assembled together to benefit the particular organism. A microbiome is not only limited to the human body but it is also a part of the animal and plant body.
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Which of the following statements correctly describes exotoxins and endotoxins produced by various bacteria?
A. endotoxins are secreted into the environment while the bacteria are still alive
B. exotoxins are secreted into the environment while the bacteria are still alive
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What part of an animal USUALLY do not have microbes?
A. Teeth
B.Genitalia
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Which of the following statements is incorrect?
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d. It is common for commensal bacteria to live in symbiosis with their human hosts.
e. During gestation in mammals, a fetus does not have any commensal microorganisms on their skin or mucosal surfaces.
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- which of the following is a result of colonization by mutualistic and commensal microbes? (multiple answers) a. the human microbiomes b. the gut microbiota c. gut dysbiosis d. enterotypes. E. A C. difficile infection.arrow_forwardResident biota is absent from the a. pharynx. b. heart. c. intestine. d. hair follicles.arrow_forwardSelect all the statements that are true regarding the drug treatments available for infectious diseases.□ Antiviral drugs are harder to develop than antibiotics because viruses must use our cellular machinery replicate. □ Very few anti-parasitic drugs exist because diseases caused by Eukaryotes are extremely rare all over the world.□ Fewer drugs are available to treat Eukaryotic pathogens because their physiology and functions are very similar to our own.□ Development of antiparasitic drugs are a low priority because the diseases they treat tend to occur in poor countries, and drug companies can't make money.□ Antivirals may quit working because rates of viral mutation are very high.□ There are more antiviral drugs than atibiotics because antiviral drugs are very easy and cheap to make.arrow_forward
- which of the following is not a way that normal microbial prevent growth of competing microbes? a. production of substances harmful to competitors b. more efficient utilization of nutrients c. changing pH of environment d. all of the above are used by normal microbiota against competitors e. none of the above are utilized by normal microbiotaarrow_forwardThink about the cells that viruses infect. Pick out the correct statements below. A. The host cell has some particular thing - be it machinery, chemistry or whatever - that the virus MUST have in order to successfully reproduce. B. Viruse generally don't care what cells they infect. C. Viruses can only replicate in particular hosts and tissues. D. The host range or tissue specficity means the specific type of cells the virus infects. Example - rabies infects neural cells.arrow_forwardan agent that is bacteriostatic: a. kills algae b. kills bacteria c. inhibits the growth of fungi d. inhibits the growth of bacteriaarrow_forward
- Why antibacterial drugs are ineffective against: A. Fungal Infections B. Viral infections C. Helminthic worm infectionsarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is correct? a. Serial interval is the length of time a person can transmit or shed an infectious agent b. Contamination of the drinking water source of a community by infectious agent(s) will likely result in a continuous common source epidemic c. It is not possible for people who have not shown symptoms of measles yet, to transmit measles infection d. Mary Mallon was a chronic carrier of Vibrio choleraearrow_forwardWhen a baby is born, the first exposure to microbiota is through all of the following EXCEPT a. the baby acquires the residential microbiota in the colon after the first meal b. Microbes enter the nose and mouth when the baby is in the birth canal c. Staphylococcus epidermidis is transferred from the hospital staff to the newborn after delivery d. Microorganisms grow in the respiratory tract after the baby's first breath e. Microbes cross the placenta during pregnancyarrow_forward
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