Principles of Modern Chemistry
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781305079113
Author: David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. Butler
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 3, Problem 6P
A gold nucleus is located at the origin of coordinates, and an electron is brought to a position 3
(a) Calculate the force on the gold nucleus exerted by the electron giving its components
(b) Calculate the potential energy of the gold nucleus and the electron.
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(b) A new element, "X", is discovered and found to have 2 electrons in its outer level.
Is X a metal or non-metal? Predict the formula its ion would have in any ionic
compounds it forms.
Q1.
This question is about atomic structure.
(a) Write the full electron configuration for each of the following species.
CH
Fe2+
(b) Write an equation, including state symbols, to represent the process that occurs
when the third ionisation energy of manganese is measured.
(c)
State which of the elements magnesium and aluminium has the lower first ionisation
energy
Explain your answer.
(d) A sample of nickel was analysed in a time of flight (TOF) mass spectrometer. The
sample was ionised by electron impact ionisation. The spectrum produced showed
three peaks with abundances as set out in the table.
m/z
Abundance /%
58
61.0
60
29.1
61
9.9
Give the symbol, including mass number, of the ion that would reach the detector
first in the sample.
Calculate the relative atomic mass of the nickel in the sample.
Give your answer to one decimal place.
Page 2 of 12
Symbol of ion
Relative atomic mass
In a 1911 paper, Ernest Rutherford said: In order to
form some idea of the forces required to deflect an
alpha particle through a large angle, consider an
atom containing a point positive charge Ze at its
center and surrounded by a distribution of negative
electricity, – Ze uniformly distributed within a sphere
of radius R. Derive an expression for the magnitude
of the electric field at the center of the atom.
-
Express your answer using the parameters +Ze and
-Ze.
Chapter 3 Solutions
Principles of Modern Chemistry
Ch. 3 - Before the element scandium was discovered in...Ch. 3 - Prob. 2PCh. 3 - Prob. 3PCh. 3 - Prob. 4PCh. 3 - Prob. 5PCh. 3 - A gold nucleus is located at the origin of...Ch. 3 - Prob. 7PCh. 3 - A gold nucleus is located at the origin of...Ch. 3 - Prob. 9PCh. 3 - Prob. 10P
Ch. 3 - Use the data in Table 3.1 to plot the logarithm of...Ch. 3 - Use the data in Table 3.1 to plot the logarithm of...Ch. 3 - Prob. 13PCh. 3 - Prob. 14PCh. 3 - Prob. 15PCh. 3 - Prob. 16PCh. 3 - Prob. 17PCh. 3 - Prob. 18PCh. 3 - HF has equilibrium bond length of 0.926 A and bond...Ch. 3 - Prob. 20PCh. 3 - For each of the following atoms or ions, state the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 22PCh. 3 - Use the data in Figure 3.11 and Table 3.2 to...Ch. 3 - Use the data in Figure 3.11 and Table 3.2 to...Ch. 3 - Prob. 25PCh. 3 - In a gaseous RbF molecule, the bond length is...Ch. 3 - The bond lengths of the XH bonds in NH3,PH3 , and...Ch. 3 - Arrange the following covalent diatomic molecules...Ch. 3 - The bond length in HI(1.62) is close to the sum of...Ch. 3 - Prob. 30PCh. 3 - Use electronegativity values to arrange the...Ch. 3 - Use electronegativity values to rank the bonds in...Ch. 3 - Prob. 33PCh. 3 - Prob. 34PCh. 3 - Prob. 35PCh. 3 - Estimate the percent ionic character of the bond...Ch. 3 - The percent ionic character of a bond can be...Ch. 3 - The percent ionic character of the bonds in...Ch. 3 - Assign formal charges to all atoms in the...Ch. 3 - Assign formal charges to all atoms in the...Ch. 3 - Determine the formal charges on all the atoms in...Ch. 3 - the formal charges on all the atoms in the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 43PCh. 3 - In each of the following Lewis diagrams, Z...Ch. 3 - Draw Lewis electron dot diagrams for the following...Ch. 3 - Prob. 46PCh. 3 - Prob. 47PCh. 3 - Acetic acid is the active ingredient of vinegar....Ch. 3 - Under certain conditions, the stable form of...Ch. 3 - White phosphorus (P4) consists of four phosphorus...Ch. 3 - Draw Lewis electron dot diagrams for the following...Ch. 3 - Draw Lewis electron dot diagrams for the following...Ch. 3 - Draw Lewis diagrams for the two resonance forms of...Ch. 3 - Draw Lewis diagrams for the three resonance forms...Ch. 3 - Methyl isocyanate, which was involved in the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 56PCh. 3 - Draw Lewis diagrams for the following compounds....Ch. 3 - Draw Lewis diagrams for the following ions. In the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 59PCh. 3 - Prob. 60PCh. 3 - For each of the following molecules or molecular...Ch. 3 - For each of the following molecules or molecular...Ch. 3 - Give an example of a molecule or ion having a...Ch. 3 - Give an example of a molecule or ion having a...Ch. 3 - For each of the answers in Problem 59, state...Ch. 3 - For each of the answers in Problem 60, state...Ch. 3 - Prob. 67PCh. 3 - Mixing SbCl3 and GaCl3 in a 1:1 molar ratio (using...Ch. 3 - (a) Use the VSEPR theory to predict the structure...Ch. 3 - Ozone (O3) has a nonzero dipole moment. In the...Ch. 3 - Assign oxidation numbers to the atoms in each of...Ch. 3 - Prob. 72PCh. 3 - Prob. 73PCh. 3 - Prob. 74PCh. 3 - Prob. 75PCh. 3 - Prob. 76PCh. 3 - Prob. 77PCh. 3 - Prob. 78PCh. 3 - Prob. 79PCh. 3 - Prob. 80PCh. 3 - Prob. 81PCh. 3 - Prob. 82PCh. 3 - Prob. 83PCh. 3 - Prob. 84PCh. 3 - Prob. 85APCh. 3 - Prob. 86APCh. 3 - At large interatomic separations, an alkali halide...Ch. 3 - Prob. 88APCh. 3 - Prob. 89APCh. 3 - Two possible Lewis diagrams for sulfine (H2CSO)...Ch. 3 - There is persuasive evidence for the brief...Ch. 3 - The compound SF3N has been synthesized. (a) Draw...Ch. 3 - Prob. 93APCh. 3 - The molecular ion S3N3 has the cyclic structure ...Ch. 3 - Prob. 95APCh. 3 - Prob. 96APCh. 3 - Prob. 97APCh. 3 - Prob. 98APCh. 3 - A stable triatomic molecule can be formed that...Ch. 3 - The gaseous potassium chloride molecule has a...Ch. 3 - (a) Predict the geometry of the SbCl52 ion, using...Ch. 3 - Prob. 102APCh. 3 - Predict the arrangement of the atoms about the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 104APCh. 3 - Prob. 105APCh. 3 - Prob. 106APCh. 3 - Prob. 107APCh. 3 - Prob. 108APCh. 3 - (a) Determine the oxidation number of lead in each...Ch. 3 - Prob. 110APCh. 3 - Prob. 111CPCh. 3 - Prob. 112CPCh. 3 - A compound is being tested for use as a rocket...Ch. 3 - Prob. 114CP
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