(A)
Interpretation: The total number of electrons, valence electrons and the number of core electrons needs to be calculated in Ra2+.
Concept Introduction : Total number of electrons is equal to the
(B)
Interpretation: The total number of electrons, valence electrons and the number of core electrons in Br needs to be determined.
Concept Introduction : Total number of electrons is equal to the atomic number of the element. The valence electrons are the electrons present in outer most shell. The core electrons mean electrons that do not participate in bonding.
(C)
Interpretation: The total number of electrons, valence electrons and the number of core electrons Bi2-needs to be determined.
Concept Introduction : Total number of electrons is equal to the atomic number of the element. The valence electrons are the electrons present in outer most shell. The core electrons mean electrons that do not participate in bonding.
(D)
Interpretation: The total number of electrons, valence electrons and the number of core electrons Ga+ needs to be determined.
Concept Introduction : Total number of electrons is equal to the atomic number of the element. The valence electrons are the electrons present in outer most shell. The core electrons mean electrons that do not participate in bonding.
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Principles of Modern Chemistry
- What is the electron configuration of: (a) Mg+ (b) S2– (c) B3+ (d) Co2+ (e) Er3+arrow_forwardWrite the electron configuration for each of the following ions. (a) Sb3−Write the electron configuration for each of the following ions. (a) Sb^3− (b) Tl+ (c) Se2− (d) Si4+ (e) Cr6+arrow_forwardWrite the electron configurations for the following atoms or ions:(a) B3+(b) O–(c) Cl3+(d) Ca2+(e) Tiarrow_forward
- How many inner, outer, and valence electrons are present in an atom of each of the following elements? (a) Br (b) Cs (c) Cr (d) Sr (e) Farrow_forwardArrange in order of increasing nonmetallic character. (Use the appropriate <, =, or > symbol to separate substances in the list.) (a) the Period 4 elements V, Ge, and K (b) the Group 5A elements N, As, and Bi Arrange in order of increasing atomic size. (Use the appropriate <, =, or > symbol to separate substances in the list.) (a) the Period 3 elements Mg, Si, and Ar (b) the Group 2A elements Ca, Ba, and Srarrow_forwardWhich of the following elements is expected to have the highest SECOND IONIZATION ENERGY: (A) Be (B) Ca (C) Mg (D) Naarrow_forward
- Write the ground-state electron configurations of the following transition metal ions. (a) Sc3+ (b) Cr3+ (c) Cu+ (d) Au+arrow_forwardBoron, atomic number 5, occurs naturally as two isotopes, 10B and 11B, with natural abundances of 19.9% and 80.1%, respectively. (a) In what ways do the two isotopes differ from each other? Does the electronic configuration of 10B differ from that of 11B? (b) Draw the orbital diagram for an atom of 11B. Which electrons are the valence electrons? (c) Indicate three ways in which the 1s electrons in boron differ from its 2s electrons. (d) Elemental boron reacts with fluorine to form BF3, a gas. Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction of solid boron with fluorine gas. (e) ΔHf° for BF3(g) is -1135.6 kj/mol. Calculate the standard enthalpy change in the reaction of boron with fluorine. (f) Will the mass percentage of F be the same in 10BF3 and 11BF3? If not, why is that the case?arrow_forwardWrite the electron configuration and orbital diagram for each ion and predict whether each will be paramagnetic or diamagnetic.(a) Co2+ (b) N3- (c) Ca2+arrow_forward
- 25) Which of the following elements has the highest ionization energy? Ca Al Ne Ba Clarrow_forward(a)List the three halogens studied in decreasing order of reactivity, starting with the most reactive and ending with the least reactive. (b) Suggest a cause for the order of reactivities that you listed for the halogens in question (a) based on the electron affinity simulation on the table Combination Initial Top Layer Color Final Top Layer Color Initial Halogen Final Halogen Reaction? (Yes or No) Cl2 + NaBr Clear yellowish orange Cl2 NaBr yes Cl2 + NaI Clear purple Cl2 NaI yes Br2 + NaCI Yellowish Orange yellowish orange Br2 Br2 no Br2 + NaI yellowish orange purple Br2 NaI yes I2 + NaCl purple purple I2 I2 no I2 + NaI purple purple I2 I2 noarrow_forward(b) A new element, "X", is discovered and found to have 2 electrons in its outer level. Is X a metal or non-metal? Predict the formula its ion would have in any ionic compounds it forms.arrow_forward
- Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...ChemistryISBN:9781305960060Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. HansenPublisher:Cengage Learning