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Use the data in Figure 3.11 and Table 3.2 to calculate the energy changes
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Chapter 3 Solutions
Principles of Modern Chemistry
- Item 5 Answer the following questions related to the chemical bonding in substances containing Cl. (a) What type of chemical bond is present in the Cl2 molecule? (b) Cl2 reacts with the element Sr to form an ionic compound. Based on periodic properties, identify a molecule, X2, that is likely to react with Sr in a way similar to how Cl2 reacts with Sr. Justify your choice. (c) A graph of potential energy versus internuclear distance for two Cl atoms is given below. On the same graph, carefully sketch a curve that corresponds to potential energy versus internuclear distance for two Br atoms. (d) In the box below, draw a complete Lewis electron-dot diagram for the C2Cl4 molecule. (e) Answer the following based on the diagram you drew above. (i) What is the hybridization of the CC atoms in C2Cl4? (ii) What is the approximate chlorine-carbon-chlorine bond angle in C2Cl4? (iii) Is the C2Cl4 molecule…arrow_forwardUsing Lewis electron-dot symbols to depict the monatomic ions formed from each of the following reactants, predict the formula of the compound the ions produce.(Type your answer using the format CO2 for CO2.) (a) O and Ca (b) N and Mg (c) Br and Li (d) K and Parrow_forwardGiven the following elements: Si, Sr, Cu, Ti, S (a) which of those elements would have the larget atomic radius? (b) which of those elements would have the highest ionization energy? (c) which of those elements would have the lowest electronegativity?arrow_forward
- Conside following data for yttrium: atomic mass 88.906 electronegativity electron affinity ionization energy heat of fusion 29.6 Y 1.22 600. 11.4 g mol kJ mol kJ mol You may find additional useful data in the ALEKS Data tab. + (2) Y (g) →Y (g) + e kJ mol Does the following reaction absorb or release energy? (1) Y(g) + e Is it possible to calculate the amount of energy absorbed or released by reaction (1) using only the data above? If you answered yes to the previous question, enter the amount of energy absorbed or released by reaction (1): Does the following reaction absorb or release energy? Is it possible to calculate the amount of energy absorbed or released by reaction (2) using only the data above? If you answered yes to the previous question, enter the release absorb Can't be decided with the data given. yes no kJ/mol release absorb Can't be decided with the data given. yes no П kJ/molarrow_forwardConsider the following data for nickel: atomic mass electronegativity electron affinity ionization energy heat of fusion 58.693 1.91 112. 737.1 g mol 17.2 kJ mol kJ mol kJ mol Does the following reaction absorb or release energy? (1) Ni (g) → Ni(g) + e Is it possible to calculate the amount of energy absorbed or released by reaction (1) using only the data above? If you answered yes to the previous question, enter the amount of energy absorbed or released by reaction (1): Does the following reaction absorb or release energy? (2) Ni' (g) + e Ni (g) - Is it possible to calculate the amount of energy absorbed or released by reaction (2) using only the data above? If you answered yes to the previous question, enter the amount of energy absorbed or released by reaction (2): Orelease O absorb O Can't be decided with the data given. O yes O no kJ/mol O release O absorb O Can't be decided with the data given. O yes O no kJ/molarrow_forward(b) A new element, "X", is discovered and found to have 2 electrons in its outer level. Is X a metal or non-metal? Predict the formula its ion would have in any ionic compounds it forms.arrow_forward
- Which of the following reactions represents an electron gain energy that would be positive (i.e. endothermic). O(g) → O+(g) + e- Ne(g) + e- → Ne-(g) O(g) + e- → O-(g) I(g) → I+(g) + e- I(g) + e- → I-(g) Ne(g) → Ne+(g)+ e- fast plzarrow_forwardH2 (g) + Na (s) → F2 (g) + He (g) →arrow_forwardCalculate the lattice energy of NaBr(s), given the following thermochemical equations, where A/E and AEA are ionization energy and electron affinity, respectively. Na(s)Na(g) AH = +107 kJ Na(g) Nat(g) + e A/E = +496 kJ -> 1/2 Br₂(g) → Br(g) AHf = +112 kJ - Br(g) + e¯ → Br¯(g) AEA = -325 kJ Na(s) + 1/2 Br₂(g) → NaBr(s) AH = -361 kJ ->> - -1401 kJ -751 kJ +29 kJ -29 kJ +751 kJarrow_forward
- g 6.941 mol atomic mass electronegativity 0.98 kJ 59.6 mol electron affinity kJ 520.2 mol ionization energy kJ 3.0 mol heat of fusion Does the following reaction absorb or release energy? O release O absorb (1) Li (g) + e Li(g) O Can't be decided with the data given. Is it possible to calculate the amount of energy absorbed or released by reaction (1) using only the data above? O yes no If you answered yes to the previous question, enter the amount of energy absorbed or released by reaction (1): I kJ/mol Does the following reaction absorb or release energy? O release O absorb (2) Li(g) → Li (g) + e O Can't be decided with the data given. Is it possible to calculate the amount of energy absorbed or released by reaction (2) using only the data above? O yes O no If you answered yes to the previous question, enter the amount of energy absorbed or released by reaction (2): I kJ/molarrow_forwardChlorine reacts with oxygen to form Cl2O7. (a) What is the name of this product (see Table 2.6)? (b) Write a balanced equation for the formation of Cl2O7(l) from the elements. (c) Under usual conditions, Cl2O7 is a colorless liquid with a boiling point of 81℃. Is this boiling point expected or surprising? (d) Would you expect Cl2O7 to be more reactive toward H+(aq) or OH− (aq)? Explain. (e) If the oxygen in Cl2O7 is considered to have the -2 oxidation state, what is the oxidation state of the Cl? What is the electron configuration of Cl in this oxidation state?arrow_forwardConsider the following data for potassium: atomic mass electronegativity electron affinity ionization energy heat of fusion 39.098 48.4 0.82 418.8 (2) K (g) + e 2.33 g mol kJ mol kJ mol You may find additional useful data in the ALEKS Data tab. → K (g) kJ mol Does the following reaction absorb or release energy? (1) K (g) → K (g) + e Is it possible to calculate the amount of energy absorbed or released by reaction (1) using only the data above? If you answered yes to the previous question, enter the amount of energy absorbed or released by reaction (1): Does the following reaction absorb or release energy? Is it possible to calculate the amount of energy absorbed or released by reaction (2) using only the data above? If you answered yes to the previous question, enter the amount of energy absorbed or released by reaction (2): O release O absorb O Can't be decided with the data given. O yes Ono kJ/mol O release O absorb O Can't be decided with the data given. O yes O no kJ/mol X Sarrow_forward
- Introduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage Learning