CAMPBEL BIOLOGY:CONCEPTS & CONNECTIONS
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780136538820
Author: Taylor
Publisher: INTER PEAR
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Chapter 3, Problem 18TYK
Enzymes usually function best at an optimal pH and temperature. The following graph shows the effectiveness of two enzymes at various temperatures.
a. At which temperature does enzyme A perform best? Enzyme B?
b. One of these enzymes is found in humans and the other in thermophilic (heat-loving) bacteria. Which enzyme would you predict comes from which organism?
c. From what you know about enzyme structure, explain why the
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Students have asked these similar questions
Which of the following is TRUE concerning the induced fit model of enzyme catalysis? * (One correct answer only)
A. The active site can be influenced by molecules binding elsewhere on an enzyme
B. The initial binding of enzyme and substrate is the most tightly bound conformation
C. The induced fit must occur prior to the initial binding of enzyme and substrate in order for the reaction to proceed
D. The binding of enzyme and substrate is weakest in the transition state
If the environmental temperature gets too high, what will happen to an enzyme and the chemical reaction it catalyzes?
Group of answer choices
A. It will not encounter its substrates often, and the reaction will slow down.
B. It will crystallize, the active site will become inflexible and slow down the reaction.
C. It will denature, lose its shape, and the reaction will not occur.
D. It will become less fluid, and be unable to transport substances easily.
E. It will become more fluid, and speed up the reaction.
Choose only the letter, no explanation needed.
Enzyme activity is affected by a variety of factors. What factor causes the enzyme to denature if it becomes extremely high? *
Choices:
A. Water's Effect
B. pH
C. Temperature
D. Activator's Effect
An inhibitor binds to the enzyme's active site, preventing the substrate from binding to it. What conclusions can you make from this situation? *
A. No reaction occurred
B. Non-competitive inhibition occurred
C. Enzyme activity occurred
D. Competitive inhibition occurred
Each enzyme is very selective when it comes to its substrate. What can you conclude from this statement? *
A. Any substrate can bind to the active site.
B. Enzymes are used up in the reaction.
C. Only a specific substrate can bind to the active site.
D. Enzymes break down when not used.
Lock : Key :: Active Site : _____________________________ *
A. Substrate
B. Active Site
C. Coenzyme
D. Cofactor
Enzymes only speed up biological functions, so they are NOT used up in the…
Chapter 3 Solutions
CAMPBEL BIOLOGY:CONCEPTS & CONNECTIONS
Ch. 3 - Complete the following table to help you review...Ch. 3 - A glucose molecule is to starch as (Explain your...Ch. 3 - What makes a fatty acid an acid? a. It does not...Ch. 3 - Cows can derive nutrients from cellulose because...Ch. 3 - Of the following functional groups, which is/are...Ch. 3 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 3 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 3 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 3 - Which structural level of a protein would be least...Ch. 3 - Circle and name the functional groups in this...
Ch. 3 - Most proteins are soluble in the aqueous...Ch. 3 - Sucrose is broken down in your intestine to the...Ch. 3 - Explain the role of complementary base pairing in...Ch. 3 - What are the two types of secondary structures...Ch. 3 - The diversity of life is staggering. Yet the...Ch. 3 - How can a cell make many different kinds of...Ch. 3 - Given that the function of egg yolk is to nourish...Ch. 3 - Enzymes usually function best at an optimal pH and...Ch. 3 - SCIENTIFIC THINKING Another aspect of the Nurses...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Examine the graph showing the rate of reaction versus temperature for an enzyme–catalyzed reaction in a human. a. Describe what is happening to the enzyme at around 40°C. b. Explain why the line touches the x-axis at approximately 20°C and 45°C. c. Average body temperature for humans is 37°C. Suggest a reason why the temperature optimum of this enzyme is greater than 37°C.arrow_forwardSuppose an enzyme and its substrate obey the lock and key model of enzyme catalysis. Which of the following would be true of the enzyme?Select all that apply A.the active site of the enzyme must be rigid B.the active site of the enzyme must be flexible C.only one substrate could be converted to product by the enzyme D.the enzyme could bind different substrates if the substrates shared a common motif somewhere in their structures E.the entire enzyme must be rigidarrow_forwardConsider these three sketches: B A HHHH A A Which sketches represent the action of an enzyme? Check none of them if none of them do. And finally, for that same sketch, what is C? B |HH| For that same sketch, what is B? Again your answer should be a word or very short phrase. A B If you said at least one sketch represents the action of an enzyme, for the first sketch that does, what is A? Your answer should be a word or very short (two- or three-word) phrase. 3000|| 3 3 O (none of them) 0 0 Xarrow_forward
- Rearrange the following terms to show the process of enzymatic reaction. Use and + to complete the equation. enzyme enzyme-substrate complex enzyme product substrate Several important things should be noted about this reaction: 1. A/an because of the fit between their structures; 2. As a result, something happens to the example, it might be split in two at a particular location. 3. Then the and 4. The enzyme is again. 5. Note that the arrows in the formula for enzyme reaction point acts on a specific to form a/an molecule. For comes apart, yielding the in the reaction and is now free to react _- This means that the reaction is 6. An enzyme-substrate complex can simply go back to the the 7. The products of an enzymatic reaction can react with the enzyme to form the and again; 8. It, in turn, may again form the 9. Therefore, the same. and the may act to cause a to go either way.arrow_forwardWhich one of the following statements is true of enzyme catalysts? a. Their catalytic activity is independent of pH. b. They are generally equally active on D and L isomers of a given substrate. c. They can increase the equilibrium constant for a given reaction by a thousand fold or more. d. They can increase the reaction rate for a given reaction by a thousand fold or more. e. To be effective, they must be present at the same concentration as their substrate.arrow_forwardWhich of the following best explains why enzyme catalysis is affected by a change in pH? A. Change in pH alters ionization states of serine in the active site involved in nucleophilic catalysis B. The ionization states of his, asp and glu involved in acid/base catalysis are altered with change in pH C. Change in pH alters ionization states of contact amino acids in the active site D. All enzymes have optimum pHarrow_forward
- FoF1 ATPase is the enzyme that catalyzes ATP synthesis. The enzyme itself is deactivated by ATP. What mode of enzyme regulation is being exemplified? Select the correct response: Trasncriptional control Covalent modification Proteolytic modification Allosteric regulation Compartmentationarrow_forwardConsider the following free energy diagram for an uncatalyzed and enzyme-catalyzed reaction. Select all the statements that are true. Without enzyme With enzyme A+B Time AB O a. The rate of the enzyme catalyzed reaction is faster than the uncatalyzed reaction O b. The change in free energy for the reaction is greater in the catalyzed reaction, compared to the uncatalyzed reaction O c. The enzyme stabilizes the transition state for the reaction Od. The reaction is exergonic е. The reaction is now spontaneous due to the addition of enzyme Released Energyarrow_forwardThe graph presented here depicts the activation energy, or the amount of energy needed for a reaction to proceed, with and without an enzyme. a. Which reaction requires more energy to proceed—the one with or without an enzyme? How do you know? b. Is this reaction anabolic or catabolic? How do you know?arrow_forward
- Evaluate the following statements concerning enzyme kinetics. Which one of the statements is false? a. Enzyme saturation fluctuates. b. In an uninhibited enzymatic reaction system, adding an excess of substrate will increase the reaction velocity beyond Vmax. c. The Vmax of an enzyme kinetics graph represents the point at which the enzyme is saturated with substrate. d. Non-competitive inhibition of an enzymatic reaction can be overcome by adding more unaltered enzyme. e. The activation energy of a reaction can be reduced by the presence of an enzyme.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT true? a. For many enzymes, Vmax is essentially equal to k3. b. Km is the reaction rate at 1/2 Vmax. c. At steady state the formation of ES is equal to the breakdown of ES. d. A Lineweaver-Burke plot generates a straight line. e. An Eadie-Hofstee plot generates a straight line.arrow_forward41) Use the following information to answer the 2 questions below. C. b. A+B a. d. ,C+D Progress of the Reaction The figure illustrates the energy states associated with the reaction A +B -C+ D. Which of the following represents the activation energy required for the enzyme-catalyzed reaction in the figure? A) a B) b C) c D) d Free Energyarrow_forward
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Enzyme Kinetics; Author: MIT OpenCourseWare;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FXWZr3mscUo;License: Standard Youtube License