Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134580999
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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### Understanding Reaction Energy Diagrams

#### Graph Explanation:
This diagram displays the energy states involved in the chemical reaction \( A + B \to C + D \). It plots **Free Energy** on the y-axis against the **Progress of the Reaction** on the x-axis.

- **Initial State (A + B):** The reaction starts with reactants A and B having a certain free energy level. 
- **Energy Barrier:** The curve then rises to a peak, indicating the transition state. This peak is critical as it represents the **activation energy** needed to initiate the reaction.
- **Final State (C + D):** The curve descends to a lower energy level where products C and D are formed, showing the energy release in the reaction.
  
#### Energy Labels:
- **a:** Represents the total energy change from reactants to the peak energy of the transition state.
- **b:** Represents the energy difference from the transition state to the final energy level of C + D.
- **c:** Measures the overall energy difference between reactants A + B and products C + D.
- **d:** Indicates the energy release from the peak energy of the transition state to the reactants' energy level.
- **e:** Represents the energy difference from the initial level of A + B to the final level of C + D.

#### Question:
Which of the following represents the activation energy required for the enzyme-catalyzed reaction in the figure?

- A) a  
- B) b  
- C) c  
- D) d  

The correct answer is **A) a**, which denotes the activation energy needed to reach the transition state from the reactants' initial energy level.
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Transcribed Image Text:### Understanding Reaction Energy Diagrams #### Graph Explanation: This diagram displays the energy states involved in the chemical reaction \( A + B \to C + D \). It plots **Free Energy** on the y-axis against the **Progress of the Reaction** on the x-axis. - **Initial State (A + B):** The reaction starts with reactants A and B having a certain free energy level. - **Energy Barrier:** The curve then rises to a peak, indicating the transition state. This peak is critical as it represents the **activation energy** needed to initiate the reaction. - **Final State (C + D):** The curve descends to a lower energy level where products C and D are formed, showing the energy release in the reaction. #### Energy Labels: - **a:** Represents the total energy change from reactants to the peak energy of the transition state. - **b:** Represents the energy difference from the transition state to the final energy level of C + D. - **c:** Measures the overall energy difference between reactants A + B and products C + D. - **d:** Indicates the energy release from the peak energy of the transition state to the reactants' energy level. - **e:** Represents the energy difference from the initial level of A + B to the final level of C + D. #### Question: Which of the following represents the activation energy required for the enzyme-catalyzed reaction in the figure? - A) a - B) b - C) c - D) d The correct answer is **A) a**, which denotes the activation energy needed to reach the transition state from the reactants' initial energy level.
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