Chapter 28, Problem 12TE

To determine

The process of formation of stalactites.

Answer to Problem 12TE

The stalactites are formed due to the continuously dripping of calcite water from the cracks of the cave.

Explanation of Solution

The rainwater, which is enriched in the carbonic acid, is absorbed by the ground. This water moves in the downward direction to the groundwater. As there is a vast deposit of limestone beneath the Earth's surface, some amount of rainwater is being absorbed by them. This slightly acidic water dissolves the surrounding of the limestone, which ultimately causes fracture in the surface and leads to the formation of caves. Water continuously keeps on dripping from the fractures of the cave ceiling that creates icicle-shaped stalactites, as the water gets evaporated and calcium carbonate get deposited over the surface.

Conclusion:

Therefore, the stalactites are formed due to the continuously dripping of calcite water from the cracks of the cave.