Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9780134261928
Author: Michael T. Madigan, Kelly S. Bender, Daniel H. Buckley, W. Matthew Sattley, David A. Stahl
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 27.7, Problem 1CR
Q What diversity-generating mechanisms function to produce the nearly unlimited variety of antigen-specific TCRs? What structural and functional features are common to proteins classified within the Ig gene superfamily?
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
In relation to immunotechnology, answer the following:
A- Answer the following in relation to Hybridoma technology:
→ What is the cancer cell line name used in hybridoma technology?
→ Give an example of murine Monocolonal Antibody produced by hybridoma technology?
B- Give ONE main difference between: Murine MABs and fully human MABs?
and explain the reason behind developing different forms of Monoclonal antibodies (chimeric MABs, humanized MABs, and fully human MABs)
C- You are in an internship in one major Hospital, You were in rotation with a clinical pharmacist in oncology section and you came over a breast cancer patient. The personal doctor was making a quick visit to the patient to make sure the patient is following the therapeutic protocol and the treatment is running smoothly. The doctor wrote in the prescription sheet “Trastuzumab” to be dispensed by the In Patient Pharmacy, when the clinical pharmacist saw this he advised the doctor politely to use the…
1) You have been asked to engineer a protein (which is not animmunoglobulin) that is capable of binding to a given protein target.Devise a strategy and discuss the main molecular screeningapproaches required.
Box one:
• Human breast cancer cell line BT474, which overexpresses HER2, in 10 cm Petri dishes• Human HER3 ligand• Lapatinib• Lysis buffer A (containing 1% Triton and 0.1% SDS)• Lysis buffer B (containing no detergent)• Mouse anti-HER3 antibodies• Mouse anti-pY1289 of HER3, that recognises the phospho-tyrosine at position1289 of Her3• Mouse anti-actin antibodies• Horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated anti mouse IgG antibodies• SDS-PAGE Sample buffer (contains SDS, mercaptoethanol and bromophenolblue)• Molecular weight markers• SDS-PAGE gel• Nitrocellulose membrane• Phosphate buffered saline (PBS)• Blocking buffer (5%w/v BSA in PBS)• X-ray film• Luminol/H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide
Chapter 27 Solutions
Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
Ch. 27.1 - Prob. 1MQCh. 27.1 - Prob. 2MQCh. 27.1 - Distinguish between clonal deletion and clonal...Ch. 27.1 - QWhy is it necessary that all three defining...Ch. 27.2 - Identify the intrinsic and extrinsic properties of...Ch. 27.2 - Describe an epitope recognized by an antibody, and...Ch. 27.2 - Give an example for each: natural and artificial...Ch. 27.2 - QWhat properties are required for a vaccine to...Ch. 27.3 - Summarize antibody production starting with...Ch. 27.3 - Differentiate among antibody classes using...
Ch. 27.3 - Prob. 3MQCh. 27.3 - QDescribe the structural and functional...Ch. 27.4 - Draw a complete Ig molecule and identify...Ch. 27.4 - Describe antigen binding to the CDR1, 2, and 3...Ch. 27.4 - Describe the recombination events that produce a...Ch. 27.4 - QWhich Ig chains are used to construct a complete...Ch. 27.5 - Identify the cells that display MHC class I and...Ch. 27.5 - Compare the MHC I and MHC II protein structures...Ch. 27.5 - Define the sequence of events for processing and...Ch. 27.5 - QDescribe the basic structure of class I and class...Ch. 27.6 - Define polymorphism and polygeny as they apply to...Ch. 27.6 - How does a single MHC protein present many...Ch. 27.6 - QPolymorphism implies that each different MHC...Ch. 27.7 - Prob. 1MQCh. 27.7 - Identify diversity-generating mechanisms unique to...Ch. 27.7 - Describe and compare the structural features of Ig...Ch. 27.7 - QWhat diversity-generating mechanisms function to...Ch. 27.8 - Describe the mechanism used by Tc cells to...Ch. 27.8 - Describe the effector system (the cell-killing...Ch. 27.8 - Compare and contrast the roles and activities of...Ch. 27.8 - QWhat mechanism do Tc cells use to identify and...Ch. 27.9 - Discriminate between immediate hypersensitivity...Ch. 27.9 - Provide examples and mechanisms for an...Ch. 27.9 - QHow do immediate and delayed-type...Ch. 27.10 - Describe the binding site for superantigens on T...Ch. 27.10 - Compare and contrast the immunodeficiency observed...Ch. 27.10 - Prob. 3MQCh. 27.10 - Prob. 1CRCh. 27 - Antibodies of the IgA class are probably more...Ch. 27 - Prob. 2AQCh. 27 - Polymorphism implies that each different MHC...Ch. 27 - What problems would arise if a person had a...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Each immunoglobulin (Ig) domain is composed of a structure known as a ‘b-sandwich,’ which consists of two b sheets covalently linked by a disulfide bond. Only a subset of the ~110 amino acids in each domain are required to establish this overall structure, and it is these amino acids that are highly conserved when comparing Ig domains to each other. What might be the advantage of this structure for use as antibody variable domains?arrow_forwardWhy is it important that cell surface markers be similar when transplanting donor tissue into a host? How do the alleles of the glycosyltransferase (GT) gene control the presence of A and B antigens on the surface of red blood cells?arrow_forwardWhat is the role of genomics in generating anti-SEMA3A monoclonal antibodies as a potential therapeutic antibody against GBM progression? Explain in detailed manner.arrow_forward
- (a) What are the genotypic differences between F- cells, F+ cells, and Hfr cells? (b) What are the phenotypic differences? (c) By what mechanism are F- cells converted to F+ cells? F+ cells to Hfr cells? Hfr cells to F+ cells? wwwarrow_forwardHow were the structure of ACE2 and spike protein solved? describe the key processes involved in vaccine manufacturing. why is it easier to target a single mutant than a multiple mutants? why is SARS-CoV-2 so dangerous? summarise the key difference in the invasion of cell by: HIV, Adenovirus, Anthrax,SARS-CoV-2 and MERS What are the key players in the various mutants of spike proteins?arrow_forwardNaive T cells are isolated and left untreated or treated with ‘compound X’ for 1 hour. Following this, the T cells are incubated with a range of concentrations of a soluble form of ICAM-1 that has been conjugated to a fluorescent dye (soluble-ICAM-1-FITC). Fifteen minutes later, the cells are washed, and the relative amount of fluorescence bound to the cells is measured. The results of this assay are shown in the figure below. The most likely identity of compound X is: The adhesion molecule, LFA-1 The adhesion molecule, L-selectin The sulfated carbohydrate structure, sulfated sialyl-LewisX The chemokine ligand for CCR7 The immunoglobulin superfamily member, CD2arrow_forward
- In what functional ways do fDCs differ from mDCs?arrow_forwardMost of the enzymes involved in immunoglobulin gene rearrangement are ubiquitously expressed in all cells of the body. However, the specific recombination events between V, J, and D gene segments that generate antibody diversity occur only in developing B cells. How do RAG-1 and RAG-2 ensure that recombination takes place at antibody gene segments?arrow_forwardWhat are the roles of Cas1, Cas2, and Cas9 proteins in bacterialgenome defense?arrow_forward
- Regarding the production of recombinant monoclonal antibodies, it is CORRECT to state that: * (JUST ONE STATEMENT IS CORRECT) (A) Chimeric and humanized antibodies differ in relation to the percentage of sequence of the constant chain of molecules from the human genome (B) Chimeric antibodies are industrially produced by joining purified protein fragments of the Fab fraction of murine antibodies and the constant portion of human antibodies. (C) When using cells dependent on the DHF amplification system, we must use a vector containing the coding information of the light and heavy chains and another vector that contains the coding sequence of the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (D)The industrial purification of monoclonal antibodies should preferably use an initial step based on the use of affinity columns, which will bind the antibodies by the Fc fraction (E) The use of amplification systems such as GS and DHFR has as main objective to make the production of monoclonal antibodies…arrow_forwardKnockout mice are mice in which certain genes are rendered irreversibly nonfunctional through the technique of homologous recombination. Which knockout mice would you use to study the two pathways of antigen processing and presentation?arrow_forwardThe immunoglobulin molecules of a particular mammalian species have kappa and lambda light chains and heavy chains. The kappa gene consists of 250 V and 8 J segments. The lambda gene contains 200 V and 4 J segments. The gene for the heavy chain consists of 300 V, 8 J, and 4 D segments. If just somatic recombination and random combinations of light and heavy chains are taken into consideration, how many different types of antibodies can be produced by this species?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSON
Biology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:PEARSON
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:9781947172517
Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781259398629
Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa Stouter
Publisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780815344322
Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter
Publisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781260159363
Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, Cynthia
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9781260231700
Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael Windelspecht
Publisher:McGraw Hill Education
Biomolecules - Protein - Amino acids; Author: Tutorials Point (India) Ltd.;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ySNVPDHJ0ek;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY