Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9780134261928
Author: Michael T. Madigan, Kelly S. Bender, Daniel H. Buckley, W. Matthew Sattley, David A. Stahl
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 27.1, Problem 2MQ
Summary Introduction
Immunity is the ability of a host organism to resist infection and diseases. All the cells, organs and tissues involved in generating immunity comprise the immune system. There are two prime types of immune system: adaptive and innate. The adaptive immune system is a more advanced system and consists of lymphocytes both “B and T cells”. These T and B cells are formed at the bone marrow but the maturation of T cells take place in the thymus. To ensure the availability of healthy T cells two different types of selection takes place, that is positive selection and negative selection.
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Chapter 27 Solutions
Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
Ch. 27.1 - Prob. 1MQCh. 27.1 - Prob. 2MQCh. 27.1 - Distinguish between clonal deletion and clonal...Ch. 27.1 - QWhy is it necessary that all three defining...Ch. 27.2 - Identify the intrinsic and extrinsic properties of...Ch. 27.2 - Describe an epitope recognized by an antibody, and...Ch. 27.2 - Give an example for each: natural and artificial...Ch. 27.2 - QWhat properties are required for a vaccine to...Ch. 27.3 - Summarize antibody production starting with...Ch. 27.3 - Differentiate among antibody classes using...
Ch. 27.3 - Prob. 3MQCh. 27.3 - QDescribe the structural and functional...Ch. 27.4 - Draw a complete Ig molecule and identify...Ch. 27.4 - Describe antigen binding to the CDR1, 2, and 3...Ch. 27.4 - Describe the recombination events that produce a...Ch. 27.4 - QWhich Ig chains are used to construct a complete...Ch. 27.5 - Identify the cells that display MHC class I and...Ch. 27.5 - Compare the MHC I and MHC II protein structures...Ch. 27.5 - Define the sequence of events for processing and...Ch. 27.5 - QDescribe the basic structure of class I and class...Ch. 27.6 - Define polymorphism and polygeny as they apply to...Ch. 27.6 - How does a single MHC protein present many...Ch. 27.6 - QPolymorphism implies that each different MHC...Ch. 27.7 - Prob. 1MQCh. 27.7 - Identify diversity-generating mechanisms unique to...Ch. 27.7 - Describe and compare the structural features of Ig...Ch. 27.7 - QWhat diversity-generating mechanisms function to...Ch. 27.8 - Describe the mechanism used by Tc cells to...Ch. 27.8 - Describe the effector system (the cell-killing...Ch. 27.8 - Compare and contrast the roles and activities of...Ch. 27.8 - QWhat mechanism do Tc cells use to identify and...Ch. 27.9 - Discriminate between immediate hypersensitivity...Ch. 27.9 - Provide examples and mechanisms for an...Ch. 27.9 - QHow do immediate and delayed-type...Ch. 27.10 - Describe the binding site for superantigens on T...Ch. 27.10 - Compare and contrast the immunodeficiency observed...Ch. 27.10 - Prob. 3MQCh. 27.10 - Prob. 1CRCh. 27 - Antibodies of the IgA class are probably more...Ch. 27 - Prob. 2AQCh. 27 - Polymorphism implies that each different MHC...Ch. 27 - What problems would arise if a person had a...
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- What are the different types of T cells, and what function does each have?arrow_forwardWhat are the functions of Helper T cell markers?arrow_forwardExplain the negative and positive selection in t cell maturation. What does the cell learn in the negative selection and what does it learn in the positive selection?arrow_forward
- Name three types of T cells.arrow_forwardWhich of the following mechanisms does HIV use to evade detection by immune responses from T cells and B cells? Select ALL that apply. By antigenic drift, HIV alters epitopes recognized by cytotoxic T cells. By antigenic drift, HIV alters epitopes recognized by antibodies. HIV evades detection as a provirus after it integrates into a CD4 T-cell's genome. By antigenic shift, HIV alters epitopes recognized by cytotoxic T cells. By antigenic shift, HIV alters epitopes recognized by antibodies.arrow_forwardWhat is innate immunity? List the four types of barriers which protect the body from the entry of the foreign agents.arrow_forward
- What is the purpose of negative selection of B and T cells? Explain in one sentence.arrow_forwardDescribe the roles that phagocytic and nonphagocytic cells and plasma proteins such as complement and interferon play in innate immunity?arrow_forwardWhich of the following among A-D is not a characteristic of T cells? A) O Cytotoxic T cells can kill vius-infected cells. 111 B) O Cytotoxic T cells respond to antigen bound to MHC class I molecules, 0 O Certain T helper cells bind to and activate macrophages and dendritic cells. D) O Certain T helper cells activate B cells for antibody production. E) O All the above are characteristics of T cells.arrow_forward
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