BIOLOGY
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781260169614
Author: Raven
Publisher: RENT MCG
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Chapter 24, Problem 2U
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Mutation is a process of alteration in
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The Human Genome Project was created in 1990 as an international effort began to analyze the human DNA sequence. What was the purpose of this global
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D. to make a real-life Spongebob Squarepants
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a. The genetic code of bacteria is significantly different from the genetic code of humans.
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c. There is no way to get the bacterium to transcribe high levels of a human gene.
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What is the central dogma of molecular biology?
a. DNA is the genetic material.
b. Information passes from DNA directly to protein.
c. Information passes from DNA to RNA to protein.
d. One gene encodes only one polypeptide.
Chapter 24 Solutions
BIOLOGY
Ch. 24.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 24.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 24.1 - Prob. 3LOCh. 24.2 - Prob. 1LOCh. 24.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 24.2 - Prob. 3LOCh. 24.2 - Explain why genome size and genome number do not...Ch. 24.3 - Define the terms segmental duplication, genome...Ch. 24.3 - Prob. 2LOCh. 24.4 - Prob. 1LO
Ch. 24.4 - Prob. 2LOCh. 24.5 - Prob. 1LOCh. 24.5 - Prob. 2LOCh. 24.5 - Prob. 3LOCh. 24 - Prob. 1DACh. 24 - Prob. 1IQCh. 24 - Prob. 2IQCh. 24 - Prob. 3IQCh. 24 - Humans and pufferfish diverged from a common...Ch. 24 - Prob. 2UCh. 24 - Prob. 3UCh. 24 - Homologous genes in distantly related organisms...Ch. 24 - All of the following are believed to contribute to...Ch. 24 - What is the fate of most duplicated genes? a. Gene...Ch. 24 - Chimp and human DNA whole-genome sequences differ...Ch. 24 - Prob. 2ACh. 24 - Analyze the conclusion that the Medicago...Ch. 24 - Analyze why an herbicide that targets the...Ch. 24 - The FOX2 gene is associated with speech in human....Ch. 24 - One of the common misconceptions about sequencing...Ch. 24 - How does horizontal gene transfer (HGT) complicate...
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- What is the difference between orthologs and paralogs? a. Orthologs are homologous sequences; paralogs are analogous sequences. b. Orthologs are more similar than paralogs. c. Orthologs are in the same species; paralogs are in different species. d. Orthologs are in different species; paralogs are in the same species.arrow_forwardA mouse gene was identified and determined to be required for formation of heart muscle. A gene with a similar sequence was identified in the human genome. What experiment could scientists do to determine if the mouse and human genes have similar functions? A. The scientist could place the normal human gene into normal mice and see if the resulting mice are viable. B. The scientist could search the human genome for genes that encode proteins that are identical to the protein encoded by the mouse gene. C. The scientist could place the normal human gene into mutant mice to see if heart muscle forms in the mouse. D. The scientist could place the mutant mouse gene into humans to see if humans develop without heart muscle.arrow_forwardWhat is a transgenic organism? a. an organism that has had its entire genome sequenced b. an organism that has genes from another species c. an organism that does not use DNA to specify proteins d. an organism with multiple copies of the same gene e. an organism that has been DNA profiledarrow_forward
- What did the Hershey / Chase experiments (above) demonstrate about the molecules responsible for genetic inheritance patterns in the T2 bacteriophage? A. the genetic material consists of carbohydrates, not RNA B. the genetic material consists of protein, not lipids C. the genetic material consists of DNA, not polypeptides D. the genetic material consists of protein, not DNA E. the genetic material consists of lipids, not polypeptidesarrow_forward1a) Why is it possible for you to study the eye colour gene by extracting cheek cells? a. Because the nucleus of every cell in the human body contains the same genetic information. b. Because the cheek cells are located near the cells of the eye and so they are able to exchange DNA. c. Because all genes in the human body are expressed at all times so it is easy to study them. d. All of the above are possible explanations. 1b) What is the purpose of heating the sample to 75°C following addition of the 0.2M NaOH solution? a. To denature the histone proteins that are keeping the DNA tightly coiled. b. To ensure that all the DNA is removed from the swab in preparation for PCR. c. To breakdown the cheek cell membrane to release the DNA from the cell. d. It breaks down the circular DNA down into linear fragments so that they will be easier to visualize.iarrow_forwardThe human mitochondrial genomes code for 37 genes but mitochondria produce only 13 proteins. What would most likely account for mitochondrial genomes having more genes than needed to code for the proteins produced? A. Several genes have been inactivated over evolutionary time and no longer code for proteins. B. Several genes are coded on both the top and bottom strands of DNA. Therefore, they code for the same proteins. C. Several genes code for products that are not translated. D. Several genes, and the proteins they code for, are of viral origin. They are not human mitochondrial genes.arrow_forward
- Which statement about transposons is INCORRECT? a.A transposon is a small fragment of DNA that can move from one location in a chromosome to another location in the same chromosome. b.Transposon insertion into a gene causes a mutation that can be reversed by removal of the transposon. c.Transposon movement often occurs when the cell is under genomic stress. d.In nature, insertion of a transposon can be deliberately added into a harmful gene to enhance survival.arrow_forwardPart A: During cloning, the DNA is cut with a restriction enzyme giving it what? A. more introns B. sticky ends C. a polyA tail D. a binding site for a transcription factor Part B: If the scientist wanted to have a large number of copies of the gene for use in further study, which technique would the scientist use? A. PCR B. epigenetics C. hybridization D. gel electrophoresis Part C: If this gene were found to be expressed at different levels in different cells of the same organism, what would be responsible? A. transcription factor B. rRNA C. ribosome D. RNA polymerase Part D: If a disease were identified as being caused by defects in the cytochrome c gene, then the copy isolated could be used for what? A. PCR B. gene therapy C. stem cell work D. DNA fingerprintingarrow_forwardWhat was the key discovery of the experiments of Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty? A. DNA degrading enzymes destroyed the ability of an extract to genetically transform bacteria. B. Lipid degrading enzymes destroyed the ability of an extract to genetically transform bacteria. C. Protein degrading enzymes destroyed the ability of an extract to genetically transform bacteria. D. RNA degrading enzymes destroyed the ability of an extract to genetically transform bacteria.arrow_forward
- Sickle cell anemia is a disease caused by a mutation at the genotypic level. A person with two copies of the gene has the disease, but a person with one copy of the gene does not have the disease. The diagram shows how this mutation affects an organism. Use the image to answer the question. What type of change occurred in the DNA? A. deletion mutation B. frameshift mutation C. insertion mutation D. substitution mutationarrow_forwardIn next-generation sequencing, which of these advances allows for massively parallel sequencing? a. Pieces of DNA are fixed to a surface, so we can tell which new nucleotides were added to each piece. b. DNA sequences are read in real-time as nucleotides are added to each piece. c. Each segment of the genome can be pieced back together through shotgun alignment d. Single molecules of DNA can be read without the need for amplification.arrow_forwardA physicist name Dr Robert Bruce Banner was running some experiments in his lab using gamma rays. During the experiment he accidentally exploded an experimental bomb and was exposed to a huge amount of gamma rays. After that he experienced several effects of mutations. a. Explain how gamma rays could affect Dr. Banner DNA. b. Explain how DNA affected by gamma rays could be repaired in order to avoid mutations. c. What you expected to happen with Dr Banner? Is it likely that Dr Banner would develop super strength, or other super powers?arrow_forward
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