General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry
7th Edition
ISBN: 9781285853918
Author: H. Stephen Stoker
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 24, Problem 24.9EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the intermediate fructose 6phosphate in the glycolysis pathway is a C6 molecule or a C3 molecule.

Concept introduction: Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway that breaks down a glucose molecule and converts it into two pyruvate molecules along with the production of two ATP molecules and NADH coenzymes.

The block diagram to represent an overview of glycolysis is as follows:

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Chapter 24, Problem 24.9EP , additional homework tip  1

From the above diagram, it is concluded that in the overall process of glycolysis, two stages are present.

a) Steps 1 to 3 represents a six-carbon stage (C6 stage).

b) Steps 4 to 10 represent a three-carbon stage (C3 stage).

In the C6 stage, the intermediates are derivatives of either glucose or fructose. Glucose and fructose contain six carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C6 molecules. The phosphate groups are present in the intermediates.

In the C3 stage, the intermediates are phosphorylated derivatives of glyceraldehyde, pyruvate, glycerate, or dihydroxyacetone, which are derivatives of either acetone or glycerol. Acetone and glycerol contain three carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C3 molecules.

(a)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 24.9EP

The intermediate fructose 6phosphate is a C6 molecule.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of fructose 6phosphate is as follows:

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Chapter 24, Problem 24.9EP , additional homework tip  2

Here, General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Chapter 24, Problem 24.9EP , additional homework tip  3 denotes the PO32 unit.

The intermediate fructose 6phosphate is formed in the C6 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of fructose. Therefore, the intermediate fructose 6phosphate is a C6 molecule.

Conclusion

The intermediate fructose 6phosphate is formed in the C6 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of fructose. It contains six carbon atoms. Therefore, it is a C6 molecule.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the intermediate phosphoenolpyruvate in the glycolysis pathway is a C6 molecule or a C3 molecule.

Concept introduction: In the glycolysis metabolic pathway, a glucose molecule is converted into two pyruvate molecules. Two ATP molecules and NADH coenzymes are produced along with pyruvate.

The block diagram to represent an overview of glycolysis is as follows:

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Chapter 24, Problem 24.9EP , additional homework tip  4

From the above diagram, it is concluded that in the overall process of glycolysis, two stages are present.

a) Steps 1 to 3 represents a six-carbon stage (C6 stage).

b) Steps 4 to 10 represent a three-carbon stage (C3 stage).

In the C6 stage, the intermediates are derivatives of either glucose or fructose. Glucose and fructose contain six carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C6 molecules. The phosphate groups are present in the intermediates.

In the C3 stage, the intermediates are phosphorylated derivatives of glyceraldehyde, pyruvate, glycerate, or dihydroxyacetone, which are derivatives of either acetone or glycerol. Acetone and glycerol contain three carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C3 molecules.

(b)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 24.9EP

Phosphoenolpyruvate is a C3 molecule.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of phosphoenolpyruvate is as follows:

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Chapter 24, Problem 24.9EP , additional homework tip  5

Phosphoenolpyruvate is formed in the C3 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of pyruvate. Therefore, it is a C3 molecule.

Conclusion

Phosphoenolpyruvate is formed in the C3 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of pyruvate. It contains three carbon atoms. Therefore, it is a C3 molecule.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the intermediate 3Phosphoglycerate in the glycolysis pathway is a C6 molecule or a C3 molecule.

Concept introduction: In the glycolysis metabolic pathway, a glucose molecule is converted into two pyruvate molecules. Two ATP molecules and NADH coenzymes are produced along with pyruvate.

The block diagram to represent an overview of glycolysis is as follows:

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Chapter 24, Problem 24.9EP , additional homework tip  6

From the above diagram, it is concluded that in the overall process of glycolysis, two stages are present.

a) Steps 1 to 3 represents a six-carbon stage (C6 stage).

b) Steps 4 to 10 represent a three-carbon stage (C3 stage).

In the C6 stage, the intermediates are derivatives of either glucose or fructose. Glucose and fructose contain six carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C6 molecules. The phosphate groups are present in the intermediates.

In the C3 stage, the intermediates are phosphorylated derivatives of glyceraldehyde, pyruvate, glycerate, or dihydroxyacetone, which are derivatives of either acetone or glycerol. Acetone and glycerol contain three carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C3 molecules.

(c)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 24.9EP

The intermediate 3Phosphoglycerate is a C3 molecule.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of 3phosphoglycerate is as follows:

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Chapter 24, Problem 24.9EP , additional homework tip  7

The intermediate 3phosphoglycerate is formed in the C3 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of glycerate. Therefore, it is a C3 molecule.

Conclusion

The intermediate 3Phosphoglycerate is formed in the C3 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of glycerate. It contains six carbon atoms. Therefore, it is a C3 molecule.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the intermediate dihydroxyacetone phosphate

in the glycolysis pathway is a C6 molecule or a C3 molecule.

Concept introduction: In the glycolysis metabolic pathway, a glucose molecule is converted into two pyruvate molecules. Two ATP molecules and NADH coenzymes are produced along with pyruvate.

The block diagram to represent an overview of glycolysis is as follows:

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Chapter 24, Problem 24.9EP , additional homework tip  8

From the above diagram, it is concluded that in the overall process of glycolysis, two stages are present.

a) Steps 1 to 3 represents a six-carbon stage (C6 stage).

b) Steps 4 to 10 represent a three-carbon stage (C3 stage).

In the C6 stage, the intermediates are derivatives of either glucose or fructose. Glucose and fructose contain six carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C6 molecules. The phosphate groups are present in the intermediates.

In the C3 stage, the intermediates are phosphorylated derivatives of glyceraldehyde, pyruvate, glycerate, or dihydroxyacetone, which are derivatives of either acetone or glycerol. Acetone and glycerol contain three carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C3 molecules.

(d)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 24.9EP

Dihydroxyacetone phosphate is a C3 molecule.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of dihydroxyacetone phosphate is as follows:

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Chapter 24, Problem 24.9EP , additional homework tip  9

The intermediate dihydroxyacetone phosphate is formed in the C3 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of dihydroxyacetone. Therefore, it is a C3 molecule.

Conclusion

Dihydroxyacetone phosphate is formed in the C3 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of dihydroxyacetone. It contains three carbon atoms. Therefore, it is a C3 molecule.

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Chapter 24 Solutions

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry

Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 6QQCh. 24.2 - Prob. 7QQCh. 24.3 - Prob. 1QQCh. 24.3 - Prob. 2QQCh. 24.3 - Prob. 3QQCh. 24.3 - Prob. 4QQCh. 24.3 - Accumulation of which of the following substances...Ch. 24.4 - Prob. 1QQCh. 24.4 - The net yield of ATP for the complete oxidation of...Ch. 24.4 - Prob. 3QQCh. 24.5 - Prob. 1QQCh. 24.5 - Prob. 2QQCh. 24.5 - Prob. 3QQCh. 24.6 - Prob. 1QQCh. 24.6 - Prob. 2QQCh. 24.6 - Prob. 3QQCh. 24.6 - Which of the following statements about ATP...Ch. 24.6 - Prob. 5QQCh. 24.7 - Prob. 1QQCh. 24.7 - Prob. 2QQCh. 24.8 - Prob. 1QQCh. 24.8 - Prob. 2QQCh. 24.8 - Prob. 3QQCh. 24.9 - Which of the following hormones promotes the...Ch. 24.9 - Which of the following pairs of hormones increases...Ch. 24.10 - Prob. 1QQCh. 24.10 - Prob. 2QQCh. 24.10 - Prob. 3QQCh. 24 - Where does carbohydrate digestion begin in the...Ch. 24 - Very little digestion of carbohydrates occurs in...Ch. 24 - Prob. 24.3EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.4EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.5EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.6EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.7EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.8EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.9EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.10EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.11EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.12EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.13EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.14EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.15EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.16EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.17EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.18EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.19EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.20EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.21EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.22EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.23EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.24EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.25EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.26EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.27EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.28EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.29EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.30EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.31EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.32EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.33EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.34EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.35EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.36EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.37EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.38EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.39EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.40EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.41EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.42EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.43EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.44EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.45EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.46EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.47EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.48EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.49EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.50EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.51EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.52EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.53EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.54EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.55EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.56EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.57EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.58EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.59EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.60EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.61EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.62EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.63EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.64EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.65EPCh. 24 - The liver, but not the brain or muscle cells, has...Ch. 24 - Prob. 24.67EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.68EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.69EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.70EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.71EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.72EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.73EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.74EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.75EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.76EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.77EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.78EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.79EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.80EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.81EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.82EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.83EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.84EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.85EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.86EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.87EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.88EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.89EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.90EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.91EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.92EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.93EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.94EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.95EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.96EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.97EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.98EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.99EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.100EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.101EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.102EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.103EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.104EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.105EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.106EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.107EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.108EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.109EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.110EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.111EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.112EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.113EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.114EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.115EPCh. 24 - Compare the biological functions of glucagon and...Ch. 24 - Prob. 24.117EPCh. 24 - Prob. 24.118EP
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