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Anatomy and Physiology
- Which of the following does not contribute to the process of filtration? (a) active transport by epithelial cells lining renal tubules (b) large surface area for filtration (c) low permeability of glomerular capillaries (d) high hydrostatic blood pressure in glomerular capillaries (e) podocytesarrow_forwardWhich of the following does not contribute to the high salt concentration in the interstitial fluid of the kidney medulla? (a) active transport of sodium from the upper part of the ascending limb (b) diffusion of salt from the ascending limb of the loop of Henle (c) reabsorption of salt from various regions of Bowmans capsule (d) counterflow of fluid through the two limbs of the loop of Henle (e) diffusion of urea out of the collecting ductarrow_forwardThe afferent arteriole delivers blood to the (a) renal artery (b) efferent arteriole (c) renal vein (d) capillaries of the glomerulus (e) peritubular capillariesarrow_forward
- Blood pressure forces water and small solutes out of blood and into nephrons during ________. a. glomerular filtration c. tubular secretion b. tubular reabsorption d. both a and carrow_forwardThe compact ball of capillaries in a nephron is called:- a. the nephron loop. b. the peritubular plexus. c. the renal corpuscle. d. the glomerulus. e. the vasa recta.arrow_forwardA histological specimen of kidney shows a structure which consist of a glomerulus with fenestrated capillaries and bilayer epithelial capsule. Specify this structure: a. Collecting tubules b. Distal tubule c. Renal corpuscle d. Henle's loop e. Proximal tubulearrow_forward
- The macula densa is/are: a. present in the renal medulla. b. dense tissue present in the outer layer of the kidney. c. cells present in the DCT and collecting tubules. d. present in blood capillaries.arrow_forwardGiven these structures:(1) major calyx (3) renal papilla(2) minor calyx (4) renal pelvisChoose the arrangement that lists the structures in order as urineleaves the collecting duct and travels to the ureter.a. 1,4,2,3 b. 2,3,1,4 c. 3,2,1,4 d. 4,1,3,2 e. 4,3,2,1arrow_forwardThe amount of plasma that enters the Bowman capsule per minute is the a. GFR. c. renal fraction. b. renal plasma flow. d. renal blood flowarrow_forward
- Which of the following statements concerning the kidneys is FALSE? a They each contain 8 to 15 renal pyramids. b They are retroperitoneal. c They are positioned between the third and fifth lumbar. d They each have a distinct renal cortex and renal medulla region.arrow_forwardWhich of the following are the functional units of the kidneys? A. Collecting ducts B. Major calyces C. Peritubular capillariesD. Nephronsarrow_forwardWhich of the following is/are true concerning kidney structure? a. The 'hilum' is the concave part of the kidney through which everything entering or leaving the kidney goes b. The kidney is surrounded by a thin connective tissue capsule c. Urine collects in the renal sinus d. The renal medulla contains the renal corpuscles e. Each kidney contains about a million nephronsarrow_forward
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