Introduction To Statistics And Data Analysis
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781337793612
Author: PECK, Roxy.
Publisher: Cengage Learning,
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 2.3, Problem 43E
Does playing action video games provide more than just entertainment? The authors of the paper “Action-Video-Game Experience Alters the Spatial Resolution of Vision” (Psychological Science [2007]: 88–94) concluded that spatial resolution, an important aspect of vision, is improved by playing action video games. They based this conclusion on data from an experiment in which 32 volunteers who had not played action video games were “equally and randomly divided between the experimental and control groups.” Subjects in each group played a video game for 30 hours over a period of 6 weeks. Those in the experimental group played Unreal Tournament 2004, an action video game. Those in the control group played the game Tetris, a game that does not require the user to process multiple objects at once.
Explain why the random assignment to the two groups is an important aspect of this experiment.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
In a study examining the effect of humor on interpersonal attractions, McGee and Shevlin (2009) found that a man's sense of humor had significant effect on how he was perceieved by woman. In the study, female college students were given brief descriptions of a po tential romantic partner and then rated the attractiveness of the male on a scale from 1 (low) to 7 (high). The fictitious male was described positively as being single , ambitious, and having good job prospects. In one dition, the description also said that he had a great sense of humor. The results showed that the description was rated significantly higher when "a sense of humor" was included. To further examine this effect, a researcher selected a sample of n = 16colle college males and asked them to read a brief description of a female and then rate the attractiveness of the woman in the description . The description had been used in previous research but was modified by adding a statement describing a good sense of humor…
McAllister et al. (2012) compared varsity football and hockey players with varsity athletes from noncontact sports to determine whether exposure to head impacts during one season have an effect on cognitive performance. In the study, tests of new learning performance were significantly poorer for the contact sport athletes compared to the noncontact sport athletes. The following table presents data similar to the results obtained in the study.
Noncontact Athletes:
10, 8, 7, 9, 13, 7, 6, 12
Contact Athletes:
7, 4, 9, 3, 7, 6, 10, 2
a. Are the test scores significantly lower for the contact sport athletes than for the noncontact athletes? Use a two-tailed test with =.05
b. What sampling technique was most likely employed by the researcher? justify your answer
c. Does exposure to head impacts have an effect on cognitive performance? why or why not
In a study examining the effect of humor on interpersonal attractions, McGee and Shevlin (2009) found that a man’s sense of humor had a significant effect on how he was perceived by women. In the study, female college students were given brief descriptions of a potential romantic partner and then rated the attractiveness of the male on a scale from 1 (low) to 7 (high). The fictitious male was described positively as being single, ambitious, and having good job prospects. In one condition, the description also said that he had a great sense of humor. The results showed that the description was rated significantly higher when “a sense of humor” was included. To examine this effect further, a researcher selected a sample of n = 16 college males and asked them to read a brief description of a female and then rate the attractiveness of the woman in the description. The description had been used in previous research but was modified by adding a statement describing a good sense of humor.…
Chapter 2 Solutions
Introduction To Statistics And Data Analysis
Ch. 2.1 - The article How Dangerous Is a Day in the...Ch. 2.1 - The authors of the paper Fudging the Numbers:...Ch. 2.1 - The article Why We Fall for This (AARP Magazine,...Ch. 2.1 - The article Adolescents Living the 24/7 Lifestyle:...Ch. 2.1 - The article Acupuncture for Bad Backs: Even Sham...Ch. 2.1 - The article Display of Health Risk Behaviors on...Ch. 2.1 - The article Popping Cork Sound Makes Wine Taste...Ch. 2.1 - Fruit Juice May Be Fueling Pudgy Preschoolers,...Ch. 2.1 - The article Americans are Getting the Wrong Idea...Ch. 2.1 - Based on a survey conducted on the eDiets.com web...
Ch. 2.1 - A survey of adult Americans who are Internet users...Ch. 2.1 - Does sitting for long periods of time hurt your...Ch. 2.2 - A New York psychologist recommends that if you...Ch. 2.2 - As part of a curriculum review, a psychology...Ch. 2.2 - A petition with 500 signatures is submitted to a...Ch. 2.2 - The article Bicyclists and Other Cyclists (Annals...Ch. 2.2 - The article Teenage Physical Activity Reduces Risk...Ch. 2.2 - For each of the situations described, state...Ch. 2.2 - Of the 6500 students enrolled at a community...Ch. 2.2 - Briefly explain why it is advisable to avoid the...Ch. 2.2 - A sample of pages from this book is to be...Ch. 2.2 - The chairman of a California ballot initiative...Ch. 2.2 - The authors of the paper Digital Inequality:...Ch. 2.2 - The 2013 National Study of Substance Use Habits of...Ch. 2.2 - The paper Deception and Design: The Impact of...Ch. 2.2 - The authors of the paper Playing by the Rules:...Ch. 2.2 - Participants in a study of honesty in online...Ch. 2.2 - The article Credit Card Activity for College...Ch. 2.2 - The financial aid advisor of a university plans to...Ch. 2.2 - Suppose that you were asked to help design a...Ch. 2.2 - The article High Levels of Mercury Are Found in...Ch. 2.2 - Whether or not to continue a Mardi Gras Parade...Ch. 2.3 - The head of the quality control department at a...Ch. 2.3 - A study of college students showed a temporary...Ch. 2.3 - According to the article Rubbing Hands Together...Ch. 2.3 - The following is from an article titled After the...Ch. 2.3 - The report Comparative Study of Two Computer Mouse...Ch. 2.3 - The Institute of Psychiatry at Kings College...Ch. 2.3 - In an experiment to compare two different surgical...Ch. 2.3 - In many digital environments, users are allowed to...Ch. 2.3 - Does playing action video games provide more than...Ch. 2.3 - Construct a diagram to represent the note-taking...Ch. 2.3 - Construct a diagram to represent the gasoline...Ch. 2.3 - An advertisement for a sweatshirt that appeared in...Ch. 2.3 - The paper Turning to Learn: Screen Orientation and...Ch. 2.3 - Consider the study described in the previous...Ch. 2.3 - The Pew Research Center conducted a study of...Ch. 2.3 - Consider the study described in the previous...Ch. 2.3 - Red wine contains flavonol, an antioxidant thought...Ch. 2.4 - Explain why some studies include both a control...Ch. 2.4 - Explain why blinding is a reasonable strategy in...Ch. 2.4 - Give an example of an experiment for each of the...Ch. 2.4 - The article Study Points to Benefits of Knee...Ch. 2.4 - In an experiment to compare two different surgical...Ch. 2.4 - The article Placebos Are Getting More Effective....Ch. 2.4 - The article Yes That Miley Cyrus Biography Helps...Ch. 2.4 - Suppose that the researchers who carried out the...Ch. 2.4 - The article Doctor Dogs Diagnose Cancer by...Ch. 2.4 - Pismo Beach, California, has an annual clam...Ch. 2.4 - The San Luis Obispo Tribune (May 7, 2002) reported...Ch. 2.4 - The article A Debate in the Dentists Chair (San...Ch. 2.5 - The article Effects of Too Much TV Can Be Undone...Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 66ECh. 2 - A mortgage lender routinely places advertisements...Ch. 2 - The article Rethinking Calcium Supplements (US...Ch. 2 - A pollster for the Public Policy Institute of...Ch. 2 - A study in Florida is examining whether health...Ch. 2 - The press release Men Need to Man Up, According to...Ch. 2 - A news release from Intel Intels Security...Ch. 2 - USA TODAY (August 25, 2015) reported that American...Ch. 2 - The paper Effect of a Nutritional Supplement on...Ch. 2 - A manufacturer of clay roofing tiles would like to...Ch. 2 - A tropical forest survey conducted by Conservation...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, statistics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- What is meant by the sample space of an experiment?arrow_forwardMcAllister et al. (2012) compared varsity football and hockey players with varsity athletes from noncontact sports to determine whether exposure to head impacts during one season have an effect on cognitive performance. In the study, tests of new learning performance were significantly poorer for the contact sport athletes compared to the noncontact sport athletes. The following table presents data similar to the results obtained in the study. Noncontact Athletes: 10, 8, 7, 9, 13, 7, 6, 12 Contact Athletes: 7, 4, 9, 3, 7, 6, 10, 2 a. Are the test scores significantly lower for the contact sport athletes than for the noncontact athletes? Use a one-tailed test with =.05 t-critical= t= b. Compute the value of (percentage of variance accounted for) for these data. r^2= a. 0.123, b. 0.239, c. 0.138, d. 0.264arrow_forwardIn a study examining the effect of humor on interpersonal attractions, McGee and Shevlin (2009) found that a man’s sense of humor had a significant effect on how he was perceived by women. In the study, female college students were given brief descriptions of a potential romantic partner and then rated the attractiveness of the male on a scale from 1 (low) to 7 (high). The fictitious male was described positively as being single, ambitious, and having good job prospects. In one condition, the description also said that he had a great sense of humor. The results showed that the description was rated significantly higher when “a sense of humor” was included. To examine this effect further, a researcher selected a sample of n = 16 college males and asked them to read a brief description of a female and then rate the attractiveness of the woman in the description. The description had been used in previous research but was modified by adding a statement describing a good sense of humor.…arrow_forward
- McAllister, et al. (2012) compared varsity football and hockey players with varsity athletes from noncontact sports to determine whether exposure to head impacts during one season have an effect on cognitive performance. In the study, tests of new learning performance were significantly poorer for the contact sport athletes compared to the noncontact sport athletes. The following table presents data similar to the results obtained in the study. Noncontact Athletes Contact Athletes 10 7 8 4 7 9 9 3 13 7 7 6 6 10 12 2 Are the neurological test scores significantly lower for the contact athletes than for the noncontact athletes in the control group? Use a one-tailed test with α = .05. Compute the value of r² (percentage of variance accounted for) for these data.arrow_forwardA group of psychologists recently examined the how odor influences emotion between male and female. Three groups of participants (half male, half female) were first subjected to different types of smell (pleasant, neutral, and unpleasant), and then filled out questionnaire of happiness. The data present the pattern of results obtained in the study, with higher scores indicating a higher level of happiness Odor pleasant neutral unpleasant Male n = 5 n = 5 n = 5 M = 8 M = 7 M = 0 SS = 6 SS = 5 SS = 4 Female n = 5 n = 5 n = 5 M = 7 M =2 M = 0 SS = 6 SS = 4 SS = 6 Note: grand mean =4 A) Conduct a hypotheses testing with α = .05 to evaluate the main effects and interactions (follow the four-step procedure). B) Calculate the effect size (partial η2) for the main effects and the interaction. C) Plot the cell means in a graph, with odor type on the x-axis. D) Based on the pattern of interaction shown in the graph,…arrow_forwardDr. Guidry conducts a study examining the relationship between the number of friends one has and the experience of daily stress and life satisfaction. She randomly samples 1,500 elderly men and women in Nashville, Tennessee (the state capital), located in the southern United States. Dr. Guidry submits her study for publication in a scientific journal. If one of the peer reviewers is concerned about the external validity of her study, which of the following is the most important aspect of Dr. Guidry's study to consider? the number of significant findings the random sampling technique used to recruit the participants the number of people in the sample the use of three measured variablesarrow_forward
- In studies examining the effect of humor on interpersonal attractions, McGee and Shevlin (2009) found that an individual’s sense of humor had a significant effect on how the individual was perceived by others. In one part of the study, female college students were given brief descriptions of a potential romantic partner. The fictitious male was described positively as being single and ambitious and having good job prospects. For one group of participants, the description also said that he had a great sense of humor. For another group, it said that he has no sense of humor. After reading the description, each participant was asked to rate the attractiveness of the man on a seven-point scale from 1 (very unattractive) to 7 (very attractive). A score of 4 indicates a neutral rating. The females who read the “great sense of humor” description gave the potential partner an average attractiveness score of M = 4.53 with a standard deviation of s = 1.04. If the sample consisted of n = 16…arrow_forwardAn American Automobile Association (AAA) study investigated the question of whether car owners or truck owners were more likely to change their own blown tire. The situation referred to in the study stated the following: “If you blew a tire on a trip, would you change the tire yourself?” A sample representative of the data used by AAA showed 663 of 818 car owners said that they would change the tire themselves while 541 of 733 truck owners said they would change the tire themselves. x n car owners 663 818 truck owner 541 733 The AAA research hypothesis was that truck owners would be more likely to change their tire themselves. Formulate the null and alternative hypotheses for this study. Let car owners be population What is the percentage of car owners who indicated that they would change their own tire?arrow_forwardThe paper "From Dr. Kildare to Grey's Anatomy"† describes several studies of how the way in which doctors are portrayed on television might influence public perception of doctors. One study was described as follows. Rebecca Chory, Ph.D., now an associate professor of communication at West Virginia University, began studying the effect of such portrayals on patients' attitudes toward physicians. Using a survey of 300 undergraduate students, she compared perceptions of physicians in 1992—the end of the era when physicians were shown as all-knowing, wise father figures—with those in 1999, when shows such as ER and Chicago Hope (1994–2000) were continuing the transformation to showing the private side and lives of physicians, including vivid demonstrations of their weaknesses and insecurities. Dr. Chory found that, regardless of the respondents' personal experience with physicians, those who watched certain kinds of television had declining perceptions of physicians' composure and regard…arrow_forward
- Video Games. A pathological video game user (PVGU) is a video game user that averages 31 or more hours a week of gameplay. According to the article “Pathological Video Game Use among Youths: A Two-Year Longitudinal Study” (Pediatrics, Vol. 127, No. 2, pp. 319–329) by D. Gentile et al., in 2011, about 9% of children in grades 3–8 were PVGUs. Suppose that, today, seven youths in grades 3–8 are randomly selected. a. Assuming that the percentage of PVGUs in grades 3–8 is the same today as it was in 2011, determine the probability distribution for the number, X, who are PVGUs. b. Determine and interpret the mean of X. c. If, in fact, exactly three of the seven youths selected are PVGUs, would you be inclined to conclude that the percentage of PVGUs in grades 3–8 has increased from the 2011 percentage? Explain your reasoning. Hint: First consider the probability P(X ≥ 3). d. If, in fact, exactly two of the seven youths selected are PVGUs, would you be inclined to conclude that the percentage…arrow_forwardThe paper "From Dr. Kildare to Grey's Anatomy"† describes several studies of how the way in which doctors are portrayed on television might influence public perception of doctors. One study was described as follows. Rebecca Chory, Ph.D., now an associate professor of communication at West Virginia University, began studying the effect of such portrayals on patients' attitudes toward physicians. Using a survey of 300 undergraduate students, she compared perceptions of physicians in 1992—the end of the era when physicians were shown as all-knowing, wise father figures—with those in 1999, when shows such as ER and Chicago Hope (1994–2000) were continuing the transformation to showing the private side and lives of physicians, including vivid demonstrations of their weaknesses and insecurities. Dr. Chory found that, regardless of the respondents' personal experience with physicians, those who watched certain kinds of television had declining perceptions of physicians' composure and regard…arrow_forward3. A researcher was interested in the effects of a drug on depression. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of the three groups. Subjects in the control group received a placebo and the subjects in the two treatment groups received either a 0.2 mg or a 0.4 mg dosage of the drug. After several weeks of drug (or placebo) treatment, the researcher measured the subjects' level of depression (a low score indicating greater depression) The following data were obtained. Placebo 0.2 mg 0.4 mg 12 11 12 10 9. 14 11 11 17 13 13 16 15 7 16 12 Mean of X = 10 14 12 S^2 = 5.6 8.4 Using 5% of significance, test the hypothesis that the three groups differ in their effectiveness.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Calculus For The Life SciencesCalculusISBN:9780321964038Author:GREENWELL, Raymond N., RITCHEY, Nathan P., Lial, Margaret L.Publisher:Pearson Addison Wesley,
Big Ideas Math A Bridge To Success Algebra 1: Stu...AlgebraISBN:9781680331141Author:HOUGHTON MIFFLIN HARCOURTPublisher:Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
Glencoe Algebra 1, Student Edition, 9780079039897...AlgebraISBN:9780079039897Author:CarterPublisher:McGraw Hill
College Algebra (MindTap Course List)AlgebraISBN:9781305652231Author:R. David Gustafson, Jeff HughesPublisher:Cengage Learning
Calculus For The Life Sciences
Calculus
ISBN:9780321964038
Author:GREENWELL, Raymond N., RITCHEY, Nathan P., Lial, Margaret L.
Publisher:Pearson Addison Wesley,
Big Ideas Math A Bridge To Success Algebra 1: Stu...
Algebra
ISBN:9781680331141
Author:HOUGHTON MIFFLIN HARCOURT
Publisher:Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
Glencoe Algebra 1, Student Edition, 9780079039897...
Algebra
ISBN:9780079039897
Author:Carter
Publisher:McGraw Hill
College Algebra (MindTap Course List)
Algebra
ISBN:9781305652231
Author:R. David Gustafson, Jeff Hughes
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Hypothesis Testing using Confidence Interval Approach; Author: BUM2413 Applied Statistics UMP;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hq1l3e9pLyY;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Hypothesis Testing - Difference of Two Means - Student's -Distribution & Normal Distribution; Author: The Organic Chemistry Tutor;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UcZwyzwWU7o;License: Standard Youtube License