General Chemistry: Principles and Modern Applications (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780132931281
Author: Ralph H. Petrucci, F. Geoffrey Herring, Jeffry D. Madura, Carey Bissonnette
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 23, Problem 33E
Use equation (23.19) to determine
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Hypochlorous acid, HOCl, is a weak acid having a pKa = 7.46. (a) Show the balanced chemical equation for the hydrolysis of water by OCl- (aq). (b) Compute the value of pKb for aqueous hypochlorite ion. (c) If [OCl-] = 0.050 M, then what is the pH of this aqueous solution?
(a)
(b)
(c)
Determine the pH of a 0.18 M solution of pyridinium nitrate (C5H5NHNO3) at 25
°
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(Kb = 1.7
×
10−9),
and nitrate ions (NO3−).] pH =
The active ingredient of bleach such as Clorox is sodium hypochlorite (NaClO). Its conjugate acid, hypochlorous acid (HClO), has a Ka of 3.0 × 10–8.
(a)The undiluted bleach contains roughly 1 M NaClO. Calculate the pH of 1 M NaClO solution.
(b)Some applications require extremely diluted bleach solution, such as swimming pools. Suppose the solution in (a) is diluted by 10,000 -fold. Calculate the pH of the diluted solution, and demonstrate that you can still neglect the autoionization of water in your calculation.
(c)Suppose the solution in (a) is diluted by 1million-fold, briefly explain how your approach will be different. Write the equation with [H3O+] as the unknown, but you do not need to solve it.
Chapter 23 Solutions
General Chemistry: Principles and Modern Applications (11th Edition)
Ch. 23 - By means of orbital diagrams, write electron...Ch. 23 - Arrange the following species according to the...Ch. 23 - Describe how the transition elements compare with...Ch. 23 - With only minor irregularities, the melting points...Ch. 23 - Why do the atomic radii vary so much for two...Ch. 23 - Prob. 6ECh. 23 - Which of me first transition series elements...Ch. 23 - Why is the number of common oxidation states for...Ch. 23 - As a group, the lanthanides are more reactive...Ch. 23 - The maximum difference in standard reduction...
Ch. 23 - Complete and balance the following equations. If...Ch. 23 - By means of e chemical equation, give an example...Ch. 23 - Prob. 13ECh. 23 - Prob. 14ECh. 23 - Prob. 15ECh. 23 - Prob. 16ECh. 23 - Prob. 17ECh. 23 - According to Figure 23-8, G decreases with...Ch. 23 - Prob. 19ECh. 23 - Prob. 20ECh. 23 - Write plausible half-equations to represent each...Ch. 23 - Prob. 22ECh. 23 - Use electrode potential data from this chapter or...Ch. 23 - You are given these three reducing agents: Zn(s);...Ch. 23 - Prob. 25ECh. 23 - Prob. 26ECh. 23 - Prob. 27ECh. 23 - Use data from the text to construct a standard...Ch. 23 - When a soluble lead compound is added to a...Ch. 23 - Prob. 30ECh. 23 - Prob. 31ECh. 23 - If CO2(g) under pressure is passed into...Ch. 23 - Use equation (23.19) to determine [Cr2O72] in a...Ch. 23 - If a solution is prepared by dissolving 1.505 g...Ch. 23 - Prob. 35ECh. 23 - Prob. 36ECh. 23 - Prob. 37ECh. 23 - Prob. 38ECh. 23 - Will reaction (23.25) still be spontaneous in the...Ch. 23 - Prob. 40ECh. 23 - Prob. 41ECh. 23 - Prob. 42ECh. 23 - Prob. 43ECh. 23 - Prob. 44ECh. 23 - Prob. 45ECh. 23 - Prob. 46ECh. 23 - Prob. 47ECh. 23 - At 400C , 2Hg(I)+O2(g)2HgO(s) for the reaction...Ch. 23 - Prob. 49ECh. 23 - Prob. 50ECh. 23 - Prob. 51ECh. 23 - Prob. 52ECh. 23 - Prob. 53ECh. 23 - Prob. 54ECh. 23 - The text notes that in small quantities, zinc is...Ch. 23 - Prob. 56ECh. 23 - What formulas would you expect for the metal...Ch. 23 - For the straight-line graphs in Figure 23-8...Ch. 23 - Prob. 59ECh. 23 - Prob. 60ECh. 23 - Prob. 61ECh. 23 - Prob. 62ECh. 23 - Prob. 63ECh. 23 - Prob. 64ECh. 23 - Prob. 65ECh. 23 - Prob. 66ECh. 23 - Prob. 67ECh. 23 - Prob. 68ECh. 23 - Prob. 69ECh. 23 - Prob. 70ECh. 23 - Prob. 71ECh. 23 - For a coordination number of four, the radius of...Ch. 23 - Prob. 73ECh. 23 - Prob. 74FPCh. 23 - Several transition metal ions are found in cation...Ch. 23 - Prob. 76SAECh. 23 - Briefly describe each of the following ideas. phe...Ch. 23 - Prob. 78SAECh. 23 - Prob. 79SAECh. 23 - Prob. 80SAECh. 23 - Prob. 81SAECh. 23 - Prob. 82SAECh. 23 - Prob. 83SAECh. 23 - Prob. 84SAECh. 23 - Prob. 85SAECh. 23 - Provide the missing name or formula for the...Ch. 23 - Prob. 87SAECh. 23 - Prob. 88SAECh. 23 - Prob. 89SAECh. 23 - Prob. 90SAE
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- The hydrogen phthalate ion, C8HsO4, is a weak acid with Ka = 3.91 106. C8H5O4(aq)+H2O(l)C8H4O42(aq)+H3O+(aq) What is the pH of a 0.050 M solution of potassium hydrogen phthalate. KC8H5O4? Note: To find the pH for a solution of the anion, we must take into account that the ion is amphiprotic. It can be shown that, for most cases of amphiprotic ions, the H3O+ concentration is [H3O+]=Ka1Ka2 For phthalic acid, C8H6O4 is Ka1 is 1.12 103, and Ka2 is 3.91 106.arrow_forwardAcids You make a solution by dissolving 0.0010 mol of HCl in enough water to make 1.0 L of solution. a Write the chemical equation for the reaction of HCl(aq) and water. b Without performing calculations, give a rough estimate of the pH of the HCl solution. Justify your answer. c Calculate the H3O+ concentration and the pH of the solution. d Is there any concentration of the base OH present in this solution of HCl(aq)? If so, where did it come from? e If you increase the OH concentration of the solution by adding NaOH, does the H3O+ concentration change? If you think it does, explain why this change occurs and whether the H3O+ concentration increases or decreases. f If you were to measure the pH of 10 drops of the original HCl solution, would you expect it to be different from the pH of the entire sample? Explain. g Explain how two different volumes of your original HCl solution can have the same pH yet contain different moles of H3O+. h If 1.0 L of pure water were added to the HCl solution, would this have any impact on the pH? Explain.arrow_forwardWrite the chemical equation and the expression for the equilibrium constant, and calculate Kb for the reaction of each of the following ions as a base. (a) sulfate ion (b) citrate ionarrow_forward
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