Using palmitoleic acid as an example, each of the given reaction of the double bond is to be illustrated. Concept introduction: Palmitoleic acid is a solid fat that is formed of a combination of 66 % saturated fat (palmitic acid) and 34 % unsaturated fat (oleic acid). The structural formula of palmitoleic acid can be given as follows: Solid fats are the triacylglycerols and are solid at room temperature. Oil or liquid fat from plant source undergoes catalytic hydrogenation in order to get converted into solid fat. It needs extensive application to convert vegetable oil into solid commercial cooking fat for the longer shelf life of the fat/oil. All fatty acids undergo reactions typical of carboxylic acids, such as with alcohols, mineral acids and bromine and phosphorus.

Question

(a) Give chemical tests to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds :(i) Pentan-2-ol and Pentan-3-ol (ii) Methanol and Phenol(b) o-nitro phenol is more acidic than o-methoxy phenol. Explain why.

Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 23, Problem 16P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Using palmitoleic acid as an example, each of the given reaction of the double bond is to be illustrated.

Concept introduction:

Palmitoleic acid is a solid fat that is formed of a combination of 66% saturated fat (palmitic acid) and 34% unsaturated fat (oleic acid). The structural formula of palmitoleic acid can be given as follows:

Solid fats are the triacylglycerols and are solid at room temperature. Oil or liquid fat from plant source undergoes catalytic hydrogenation in order to get converted into solid fat. It needs extensive application to convert vegetable oil into solid commercial cooking fat for the longer shelf life of the fat/oil.

All fatty acids undergo reactions typical of carboxylic acids, such as with alcohols, mineral acids and bromine and phosphorus.

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(a) Give chemical tests to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds :(i) Pentan-2-ol and Pentan-3-ol (ii) Methanol and Phenol(b) o-nitro phenol is more acidic than o-methoxy phenol. Explain why.

(b) Suggest a reasonable biosynthesis for the naturally occurring alkaloid coniine (isolated from hemlock), starting from octanoic acid. Coniine

Give the structure of the product formed on reaction of ethyl acetoacetate with each of the following: (a) 1-Bromopentane and sodium ethoxide (b) Saponification (basic hydrolysis) and decarboxylation of the product in part (a) (c) Methyl iodide and the product in part (a) treated with sodium ethoxide (d) Saponification and decarboxylation of the product in part (c) (e) 1-Bromo-3-chloropropane and one equivalent of sodium ethoxide (f) Product in part (e) treated with a second equivalent of sodium ethoxide (g) Saponification and decarboxylation of the product in part (f) (h) Phenyl vinyl ketone and sodium ethoxide (i) Saponification and decarboxylation of the product in part (h)

Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 23, Problem 16P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Using palmitoleic acid as an example, each of the given reaction of the double bond is to be illustrated.

Concept introduction:

Palmitoleic acid is a solid fat that is formed of a combination of 66% saturated fat (palmitic acid) and 34% unsaturated fat (oleic acid). The structural formula of palmitoleic acid can be given as follows:

Solid fats are the triacylglycerols and are solid at room temperature. Oil or liquid fat from plant source undergoes catalytic hydrogenation in order to get converted into solid fat. It needs extensive application to convert vegetable oil into solid commercial cooking fat for the longer shelf life of the fat/oil.

All fatty acids undergo reactions typical of carboxylic acids, such as with alcohols, mineral acids and bromine and phosphorus.

Expert Solution & Answer

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See solution

Check out sample textbook solution

Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 23, Problem 16P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Using palmitoleic acid as an example, each of the given reaction of the double bond is to be illustrated.

Concept introduction:

Palmitoleic acid is a solid fat that is formed of a combination of 66% saturated fat (palmitic acid) and 34% unsaturated fat (oleic acid). The structural formula of palmitoleic acid can be given as follows:

Solid fats are the triacylglycerols and are solid at room temperature. Oil or liquid fat from plant source undergoes catalytic hydrogenation in order to get converted into solid fat. It needs extensive application to convert vegetable oil into solid commercial cooking fat for the longer shelf life of the fat/oil.

All fatty acids undergo reactions typical of carboxylic acids, such as with alcohols, mineral acids and bromine and phosphorus.

Expert Solution & Answer

Trending nowThis is a popular solution!

See solution

Check out sample textbook solution

Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 23, Problem 16P

Interpretation Introduction