Chapter 22.3, Problem 16R

To determine

To Write: The names and formulas of the salts formed in the given neutralizations

Explanation of Solution

Introduction: In neutralization reaction, an acid and a base react to form a salt and water.

• In the neutralization of sulfuric acid by calcium hydroxide,the salt formed is calcium sulfate ( ${\text{CaSO}}_4$)

The chemical equation for the above reaction:

  ${\text{H}}_2{\text{SO}}_4{\text{+Ca(OH)}}_2\to {\text{CaSO}}_4{\text{+2H}}_2\text{O}$

• In the neutralization of nitric acid by potassium hydroxide,the salt formed is potassium nitrate ( ${\text{KNO}}_3$)

The chemical equation for the above reaction:

  ${\text{HNO}}_3\text{+KOH}\to {\text{KNO}}_3{\text{+2H}}_2\text{O}$

• In the neutralization of carbonic acid by aluminum hydroxide,the salt formed is potassium nitrate ( ${\text{Al}}_2{{\text{(CO}}_3\text{)}}_3$)

The chemical equation for the above reaction:

  ${\text{3H}}_2{\text{CO}}_3{\text{+2Al(OH)}}_3\to {\text{Al}}_2{{\text{(CO}}_3\text{)}}_3{\text{+6H}}_2\text{O}$

Conclusion: An acid’s negative ion reacts with a base’s positive ion to form a salt.