Chapter 22, Problem 47R

To determine

To Interpret: The volume of acid that must be added to the base to neutralize it.

Explanation of Solution

Introduction:

The neutralization graph is provided in the question.

The graph illustrates two acid-base neutralization reactions.

In the given neutralization graph, the x-axis represents the volume of acid or base added to each other and the y-axis represents the pH change on addition of acid to base or base to acid.

From the graph, it can be seen that the two lines red and blue intersect at pH 7, indicating the point of neutralization.

A base has pH greater than 7 and an acid has a pH less than 7.

From the graph, it can be predicted that the red line represents the base being neutralized by the acid. At the point of neutralization, the volume corresponding to pH 7 is 3 ml, that is, 3 ml of acid is to be added to the base to neutralize it.

Conclusion:

3 ml of acidmust be added to the base to neutralize it.