Organic Chemistry (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134042282
Author: Paula Yurkanis Bruice
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 21.4, Problem 11P
- a. Which amino acid has the lowest pI value?
- b. Which amino acid has the highest pI value?
- c. Which amino acid has the greatest amount of negative charge at pH = 6.20?
- d. Which amino acid has a greater negative charge at pH = 6.20. glycine or methionine?
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6. Is this amino acid L- or D-, and how can you tell?
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b. D-, because the amine is on the right.
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d. L-, because the amine is on the left.
Which of the following amino acids is LEAST
LIKELY to be naturally occurring? Kindly explain
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12) Proteins are long chains of amino acids joined together by peptide bonds. Which
structure properly depicts the peptide bond formed between two generic amino acids?
12)
H.
R1
H;N.
N,
A)
R1
R2
B)
R2
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Chapter 21 Solutions
Organic Chemistry (8th Edition)
Ch. 21.1 - a. Explain why, when the imidazole ring of...Ch. 21.2 - a. Which isomer(R)-alanine or (S)-alanineis...Ch. 21.2 - Prob. 4PCh. 21.3 - Prob. 5PCh. 21.3 - Prob. 6PCh. 21.3 - Draw the predominant form for glutamate in a...Ch. 21.3 - a. Why is the pKa of the glutamate side chain...Ch. 21.4 - Calculate the pI of each of the following amino...Ch. 21.4 - a. Which amino acid has the lowest pI value? b....Ch. 21.4 - Prob. 12P
Ch. 21.4 - Prob. 13PCh. 21.4 - Explain why the pI of lysine is the average of the...Ch. 21.5 - What aldehyde is formed when valine is treated...Ch. 21.5 - Prob. 16PCh. 21.5 - Prob. 17PCh. 21.5 - Prob. 18PCh. 21.5 - Prob. 19PCh. 21.6 - Why is excess ammonia used in the preceding...Ch. 21.6 - Prob. 21PCh. 21.6 - What amino acid is formed using the...Ch. 21.6 - Prob. 23PCh. 21.6 - What amino acid is formed when the aldehyde used...Ch. 21.7 - Esterase is an enzyme that catalyzes the...Ch. 21.8 - Draw the tetrapeptide Ala-Thr-Asp-Asn and indicate...Ch. 21.8 - Draw the resonance contributors of the peptide...Ch. 21.8 - Which bonds in the backbone of a peptide can...Ch. 21.9 - An opioid pentapeptide has the following...Ch. 21.9 - What is the configuration about each of the...Ch. 21.9 - Glutathione is a tripeptide whose function is to...Ch. 21.10 - What dipeptides would be formed by heating a...Ch. 21.10 - Suppose you are trying to synthesize the dipeptide...Ch. 21.10 - Show the steps in the synthesis of the...Ch. 21.10 - a. Calculate the overall yield of bradykinin when...Ch. 21.11 - Show the steps in the synthesis of the...Ch. 21.13 - Prob. 37PCh. 21.13 - In determining the primary structure of insulin,...Ch. 21.13 - A decapeptide undergoes partial hydrolysis to give...Ch. 21.13 - Explain why cyanogen bromide does not cleave on...Ch. 21.13 - Indicate the peptides produced from cleavage by...Ch. 21.14 - Prob. 43PCh. 21.14 - Three peptides were obtained from a trypsin...Ch. 21.14 - Prob. 45PCh. 21.15 - How would a protein that resides in the nonpolar...Ch. 21.16 - a. Which would have the greatest percentage of...Ch. 21.17 - When apples that have been cut are exposed to...Ch. 21 - Glycine has pK2 values of 2.34 and 9.60. At what...Ch. 21 - Prob. 50PCh. 21 - A titration curve is a plot of the pH of a...Ch. 21 - Prob. 52PCh. 21 - Aspartame (its structure is on page 1007) has a pl...Ch. 21 - Draw the form of aspartate that predominates at...Ch. 21 - Show how phenylalanine can be prepared by...Ch. 21 - A professor was preparing a manuscript for...Ch. 21 - What aldehydes are formed when the following amino...Ch. 21 - Prob. 58PCh. 21 - Determine the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide...Ch. 21 - Prob. 60PCh. 21 - Prob. 61PCh. 21 - Which is the more effective buffer at...Ch. 21 - Identify the location and type of charge on the...Ch. 21 - Draw the product obtained when a lysine side chain...Ch. 21 - After the polypeptide shown below was treated with...Ch. 21 - Treatment of a polypeptide with 2-mercaptoethanol...Ch. 21 - Show how aspartame can be synthesized using DCCD.Ch. 21 - -Amino acids can be prepared by treating an...Ch. 21 - Reaction of a polypeptide with carboxypeptidase A...Ch. 21 - a. How many different octapeptides can be made...Ch. 21 - Glycine has pKa values of 2.3 and 9.6. Do you...Ch. 21 - A mixture of 15 amino acids gave the fingerprint...Ch. 21 - Write the mechanism for the reaction of an amino...Ch. 21 - Prob. 74PCh. 21 - Show how valine can be prepared by a. a...Ch. 21 - The primary structure of -endorphin, a peptide...Ch. 21 - A chemist wanted to test his hypothesis that the...Ch. 21 - Propose a mechanism for the rearrangement of the...Ch. 21 - A normal polypeptide and a mutant of the...Ch. 21 - Determine the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide...
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- Write the General formula and Structure of the standard amino acids. D. Acids Aspartic acid (Asp,D) Glutamic acid (Glu, E) E. Bases Arginine (Ang, R) Histidine (His,H) Lysine (Lys,K) F. Aromatic Tyrosine (Tyr,T) Phenylalanine (Phe,F) Tryptophan (Trp,W) G. Amides Asparigine (Asn,N) Glutamine (Gln,Q)arrow_forward3. An amino acid has a -CH,CH3 side chain. What type of side chain could form hydrogen bonds with this side chain? O a. -CH2-OH b. -CH,- C. -CH,-C-NH, d. none of the abovearrow_forward8. Hydrolysis of the peptide bonds in peptide below would result in Пн НзN-CHC-N-CHC-N-CНС-о CH2 Он СНCH3 ČH3 CH3 a. no reaction. b. a single amino acid. c. two amino acids. d. three amino acids. e. four amino acids.arrow_forward
- A. Draw the structure of this amino acid in a solution of NaOH (aq) B. Draw the structure of this amino acid in a solution of H2SO4 (aq)arrow_forward1. A. Draw the structure of L-valine in a strongly basic solution. B. What is the charge of this amino acid in a strongly basic solution?arrow_forward4. What is the strongest type of non-covalent interactions that could form between the following amino acids' side chains? a. Valine and Alanine b. Glutamic acid and Serine c. Asparagine and Threonine d. Lysine and Aspartic acidarrow_forward
- 1. Name the common amino acids that contain an aromatic ring. Enter your answers in alphabetical order separated by commas. 2. Name the common amino acids that contain sulfur. Enter your answers separated by commas. 3. Name the common amino acids that are alcohols. Enter your answers separated by commas. 4. Name the common amino acids that have alkyl-group side chains. Enter your answers separated by commas.arrow_forwardoleic acid, linoleic acid and arachidonic acid d. arachidonic acid e. None of these are solids at room temperature. C. 21. The portion of the molecule that is boxed is called otc(CH2)16CH3 ofc(CH2)16CH3 ofċ(CH2)16CH3 || a. the amino acid backbone. b. the glycerol backbone. c. the phosphate backbone. d. a saturated fatty acid. an unsaturated fatty acid. e.arrow_forward3. Alanine is a diprotic amino acid. a. Make a ladder diagram for alanine. b. Draw the predominant species of alanine at pH-7.0. Draw the predominant species of alanine at pH-10.0. c.arrow_forward
- Write the General formula and Structure of the standard amino acids. A. Alkyl Glycine (Gly,G) Alanine (Ala,A) Valine (Val, V) Proline (Pro,P) Isoleucine (Ile,I) Leucine (Leu,L) B. Sulfur-containing Cysteine (Cys,C) Methionine (Met,M) C.Alcohols Serine (Ser,S) Threonine (Thr,T) D. Acids Aspartic acid (Asp,D) Glutamic acid (Glu, E) E. Bases Arginine (Ang, R) Histidine (His,H) Lysine (Lys,K) F. Aromatic Tyrosine (Tyr,T) Phenylalanine (Phe,F) Tryptophan (Trp,W) G. Amides Asparigine (Asn,N) Glutamine (Gln,Q)arrow_forward2. Diagram the peptide ACKE at physiological then answer questions a- h. a. Circle one peptide bond. b. Box one alpha carbon in this peptide c. How many peptide bonds are present in this peptide? d. Which amino acid is at the C-terminus? e. Which amino acid is at the N-terminus? f. Label one omega, one phi and one psi bond angle. g. Sketch in one peptide plane. h. Calculate the charge of the peptide at pH 13.arrow_forward. True/ False A. Amino acids found in the living systems are generally in the D-form B. The R-group attached to alfa carbon atom of amino acids are unique for each amino acids. C. Of the 20 essential amino acids, glycine is the only amino acid which is achiral. D. Ions of heavy metals Hg2+ or Pb2+ denature proteins by combining with the amino groups. E. Denaturation of protein involves the breakdown of secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure. F. Cysteine is the only amino acid that can form a disulfide bridge. G. Both the poly saccharides and proteins are polymers. H. Hydrogen bonding is responsible for the secondary structure of Proteins. I. When proteins are hydrolyzed, smaller peptides and amino acids are produced. J. When simple lipids are hydrolyzed glycerol an alcohol as well as fatty acids and their salts are produced.arrow_forward
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