Organic Chemistry (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134042282
Author: Paula Yurkanis Bruice
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 21.4, Problem 12P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The
Concept introduction:
The isoelectric point (
The value of
If the amino acid has ionizable side chain, then the
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i) Draw a suitable diagram to indicate where the following amino acids might interact
with the molecule: phenylalanine; valine; histidine; tyrosine. In your answer, please
draw the amino acids and show the interaction.
ii) For each interaction you have shown, state the nature of that interaction (e.g. H-
bonding, pi-pi etc.)
8. The following proteins represent a wide range of molecular weights and
isoelectric points. Mr is the molecular weight of a single protein chain.
• Protein 1: Mr 68,544; pl 6.11 (monomer)
• Protein 2: Mr 29,041; pl 5.32 (dimer)
• Protein 3: Mr 15,805; pl 5.7 (dimer)
• Protein 4: Mr 12,165; pl 4.74
a. Which protein is the most acidic? Explain your answer.
b. Which protein will migrate the slowest in an SDS-PAGE? Explain your
answer.
c. In what order will these proteins elute from a cation exchanger at pH 8?
Explain your answer.
d. In what order will these proteins salt out from a pH 7 solution by the
dropwise addition of saturated ammonium sulfate? Explain your answer.
5
83°F Cloudy
Among these protein assays, which work in acidic conditions?
a. Biuret assay
b. Bicinchoninic acid assay
c. Bradford assay
d. Lowry assay
Chapter 21 Solutions
Organic Chemistry (8th Edition)
Ch. 21.1 - a. Explain why, when the imidazole ring of...Ch. 21.2 - a. Which isomer(R)-alanine or (S)-alanineis...Ch. 21.2 - Prob. 4PCh. 21.3 - Prob. 5PCh. 21.3 - Prob. 6PCh. 21.3 - Draw the predominant form for glutamate in a...Ch. 21.3 - a. Why is the pKa of the glutamate side chain...Ch. 21.4 - Calculate the pI of each of the following amino...Ch. 21.4 - a. Which amino acid has the lowest pI value? b....Ch. 21.4 - Prob. 12P
Ch. 21.4 - Prob. 13PCh. 21.4 - Explain why the pI of lysine is the average of the...Ch. 21.5 - What aldehyde is formed when valine is treated...Ch. 21.5 - Prob. 16PCh. 21.5 - Prob. 17PCh. 21.5 - Prob. 18PCh. 21.5 - Prob. 19PCh. 21.6 - Why is excess ammonia used in the preceding...Ch. 21.6 - Prob. 21PCh. 21.6 - What amino acid is formed using the...Ch. 21.6 - Prob. 23PCh. 21.6 - What amino acid is formed when the aldehyde used...Ch. 21.7 - Esterase is an enzyme that catalyzes the...Ch. 21.8 - Draw the tetrapeptide Ala-Thr-Asp-Asn and indicate...Ch. 21.8 - Draw the resonance contributors of the peptide...Ch. 21.8 - Which bonds in the backbone of a peptide can...Ch. 21.9 - An opioid pentapeptide has the following...Ch. 21.9 - What is the configuration about each of the...Ch. 21.9 - Glutathione is a tripeptide whose function is to...Ch. 21.10 - What dipeptides would be formed by heating a...Ch. 21.10 - Suppose you are trying to synthesize the dipeptide...Ch. 21.10 - Show the steps in the synthesis of the...Ch. 21.10 - a. Calculate the overall yield of bradykinin when...Ch. 21.11 - Show the steps in the synthesis of the...Ch. 21.13 - Prob. 37PCh. 21.13 - In determining the primary structure of insulin,...Ch. 21.13 - A decapeptide undergoes partial hydrolysis to give...Ch. 21.13 - Explain why cyanogen bromide does not cleave on...Ch. 21.13 - Indicate the peptides produced from cleavage by...Ch. 21.14 - Prob. 43PCh. 21.14 - Three peptides were obtained from a trypsin...Ch. 21.14 - Prob. 45PCh. 21.15 - How would a protein that resides in the nonpolar...Ch. 21.16 - a. Which would have the greatest percentage of...Ch. 21.17 - When apples that have been cut are exposed to...Ch. 21 - Glycine has pK2 values of 2.34 and 9.60. At what...Ch. 21 - Prob. 50PCh. 21 - A titration curve is a plot of the pH of a...Ch. 21 - Prob. 52PCh. 21 - Aspartame (its structure is on page 1007) has a pl...Ch. 21 - Draw the form of aspartate that predominates at...Ch. 21 - Show how phenylalanine can be prepared by...Ch. 21 - A professor was preparing a manuscript for...Ch. 21 - What aldehydes are formed when the following amino...Ch. 21 - Prob. 58PCh. 21 - Determine the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide...Ch. 21 - Prob. 60PCh. 21 - Prob. 61PCh. 21 - Which is the more effective buffer at...Ch. 21 - Identify the location and type of charge on the...Ch. 21 - Draw the product obtained when a lysine side chain...Ch. 21 - After the polypeptide shown below was treated with...Ch. 21 - Treatment of a polypeptide with 2-mercaptoethanol...Ch. 21 - Show how aspartame can be synthesized using DCCD.Ch. 21 - -Amino acids can be prepared by treating an...Ch. 21 - Reaction of a polypeptide with carboxypeptidase A...Ch. 21 - a. How many different octapeptides can be made...Ch. 21 - Glycine has pKa values of 2.3 and 9.6. Do you...Ch. 21 - A mixture of 15 amino acids gave the fingerprint...Ch. 21 - Write the mechanism for the reaction of an amino...Ch. 21 - Prob. 74PCh. 21 - Show how valine can be prepared by a. a...Ch. 21 - The primary structure of -endorphin, a peptide...Ch. 21 - A chemist wanted to test his hypothesis that the...Ch. 21 - Propose a mechanism for the rearrangement of the...Ch. 21 - A normal polypeptide and a mutant of the...Ch. 21 - Determine the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide...
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- Explain why a protein is least soluble in an aqueous medium that has a pH equal to the isoelectric point of the protein.arrow_forwardA 1.00-mg sample of a pure protein yielded on hydrolysis 0.0165 mg of leucine and 0.0248 mg of isoleucine. What is the minimum possible molar mass of the protein? (MMleucine=MMisoleucine=131g/mol)arrow_forwardWhat special role does the amino acid cysteine have in the peptides vasopressin and oxytocin?arrow_forward
- Consider the formation of a dimeric protein 2P ->P2 At 25.0 °C , the enthalpy of the reaction is 17 kj/mol and the entropy of the reaction is 65 j/kmol. Is the dimerization favored at this temperature ? Thermodynamically speaking, explain/support your answer. Show work.arrow_forwardWould serine or cysteine be the better antidote against heavy metals? Briefly rationalize your answer.arrow_forwardPlease solve thisarrow_forward
- Although the bond energy for the hydrogen bond in a vacuum is estimated to be about 20 kJ/mol, we find that each hydrogen bond in a folded protein contributes much less--probably less that 5 kJ/mol--to the enthalpy of protein stabilization. Suggest an explanation for this difference. Explain briefly.arrow_forwardWhat amino acid substitution would be accompanied by the largest decrease in enteric water penalty? a. Substitution of Arg with Tyr on an exposed surface of a protein. 6. Replacing lle with Asp on an unexposed surface of a protein. c. Replacing Leu with Thr on an exposed surface of a protein. d. None of the above would increase water entropy.arrow_forwardDetermine the type of stereoisomer the following amino acid is. HI!!! 000 A. This is a D-amino acid. This is also a R-atnino acid. B. This is a L-amino acid. This is also a R- anuno acid. C. This is a D- amino acid. This is also a S-amino acid. x D. This is a L-amino acid. This is also a S-amino acid.arrow_forward
- The amino acid sequence shown below is a short excerpt (residues 130-172) from the rod domain of an a-keratin-like protein. Predict the effect of each of the amino acid substitutions (stabilize, destabilize, no effect) and explain your reasoning. 130 - ATEFKTRFDDAALRANDIQL VIRSNEITADLIKDRLDQITTYY - 172 a) Substitution of S in place of A at position 140. b) Substitution of V in place of I at position 147.arrow_forward4: Draw structures from notations or notations from structures, for the following dipeptides. Look up in book for the structures of various amino acids and their names (and notations). (EOCQ 60) Hints for drawing a dipeptide from the specified amino acids. From the given symbols (Ser, Thr, etc), draw the structures for the amino acids in the specified order example, for Ser-Thr, draw Serine first and then Threonine). Then remove the OH from the first amin and one H (from the N atom) on the second amino acid. Then join the remaining fragments; that give the dipeptide formed. In these reactions, H2O is formed as a side product; but it is implied, and you have to show it in your answers. The following equation illustrates that. Here, R and R' are symbolic. In an actual question, you must the actual structures for the amino acids (Table 16.3 in the book). O H || | Н.N— CH— С-N-CH—С-ОН H,N-CH-C–OH + H,N-CH-Ċ–OH R' R. R' (H2O is a sid no need t Amino acid 2 dipeptide Amino acid 1 а. Cys-Ser…arrow_forward2. Describe the basic chemical requirements for the aminoglycosides. Why are these compounds strongly basic and exist as polycations at physiological pH? (Use equations to explain). OH OH HỌ H2N HO FHO- Но Но NH2 H,N NH2arrow_forward
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