Anatomy & Physiology
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168130
Author: Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, Peter DeSaix, Dean H. Kruse, Brandon Poe, Eddie Johnson, Jody E. Johnson, Oksana Korol, J. Gordon Betts, Mark Womble
Publisher: OpenStax College
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Textbook Question
Chapter 21, Problem 34RQ
Which of the following terms means “many genes”?
- polymorphism
- polygeny
- polypeptide
- multiple alleles
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To understand this research, you must be familiar with some basic genetic terminology.
Drag the terms on the left to the appropriate blanks on the right to complete the sentences. Not all terms will be used.
dominant allele
phenotype
The possession of two different alleles of a particular gene is referred to as
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A variation in a DNA sequence at one particular position is called a
heterozygosity
genotype
recessive allele
homozygosity
single nucleotide
polymorphism
The appearance of the organism, its observable traits, are referred to as the
A variant of a gene for which an individual must be homozygous in order for it to influence the
appearance of the organism is a
The set of alleles an organism has for a particular trait is the organism's
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Figure 1. Showing a homologous pair of chromosomes that carry two linked genes. Here we can see
that one chromosome carries A and Balleles, while the other homologous chromosome carries a and b
alleles. This is much more informative than just giving the genotype of AaBb.
Another way to symbolize the arrangement of alleles on a chromosome is to give the symbols for alleles
on one chromosome above a horizontal line, and the symbols for the alleles on the homologous
chromosome below the horizontal line. For example:
A
Figure 2. Showing the arrangement of alleles for a pair of linked genes. Here we can see that, exactly
like the example in Figure 1, one chromosome carries A and B alleles, while the other chromosome
carries a and b alleles.
1. Suppose that Gene G and Gene D are linked. If the genotype of an organism is GGDD, use both
types of symbols you learned in Figure 1 and Figure 2 above to show the arrangement of alleles
for this organism.
What describes a situation in which an allele's expression depends on the parent
from which it was inherited?
autosomal linkage
chimerism
genomic imprinting
mosaicism
Chapter 21 Solutions
Anatomy & Physiology
Ch. 21 - Visit this website...Ch. 21 - Visit this website...Ch. 21 - Visit this website...Ch. 21 - Immunity can be acquired in an active or passive...Ch. 21 - Which of the following cells is phagocytic? plasma...Ch. 21 - Which structure allows lymph from the lower right...Ch. 21 - Which of the following cells is important hi the...Ch. 21 - Which of the following cells would be most active...Ch. 21 - Which of the lymphoid nodules is most likely to...Ch. 21 - Which of the following signs is not characteristic...
Ch. 21 - Which of the following is not important in the...Ch. 21 - Enhanced phagocytosis of a cell by the binding of...Ch. 21 - Which of the following leads to the redness of...Ch. 21 - T cells that secrete cytokines that help antibody...Ch. 21 - The taking in of antigen and digesting it for...Ch. 21 - Why is clonal expansion so important? to select...Ch. 21 - The elimination of self-reactive thymocytes is...Ch. 21 - Which type of T cell is most effective against...Ch. 21 - Removing functionality from a B cell without...Ch. 21 - Which class of antibody crosses the placenta in...Ch. 21 - Which class of antibody has no known function...Ch. 21 - When does class switching occur? primary response...Ch. 21 - Which class of antibody is found in mucus? IgM IgA...Ch. 21 - Which enzymes in macrophages are important for...Ch. 21 - What type of chronic lung disease is caused by a...Ch. 21 - Which type of immune response is most directly...Ch. 21 - What is the reason that you have to be immunized...Ch. 21 - Which type of immune response works in conceit...Ch. 21 - Which type of hypersensitivity involves soluble...Ch. 21 - What causes the delay in delayed hypersensitivity?...Ch. 21 - Which of the following is a critical feature of...Ch. 21 - Which of the following is an autoimmune disease of...Ch. 21 - What drug is used to counteract the effects of...Ch. 21 - Which of the following terms means many genes?...Ch. 21 - Why do we have natural antibodies? We dont know...Ch. 21 - Which type of cancer is associated with HIV...Ch. 21 - How does cyclosporine A work? suppresses...Ch. 21 - What disease is associated with bone marrow...Ch. 21 - Describe the flow of lymph from its origins in...Ch. 21 - Describe the process of inflammation in an area...Ch. 21 - Describe two early induced responses and what...Ch. 21 - Describe the processing and presentation of an...Ch. 21 - Describe clonal selection and expansion.Ch. 21 - Describe how secondary B cell responses are...Ch. 21 - Describe the role of IgM in immunity.Ch. 21 - Describe how seroconversion works in HIV disease.Ch. 21 - Describe tuberculosis and the innocent bystander...Ch. 21 - Describe anaphylactic shock in someone sensitive...Ch. 21 - Describe rheumatic fever and how Tolerance is...Ch. 21 - Describe how stress affects immune responses.
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- Which of the following describes a linkage group? All the genes on a chromosome An individual who has two identical alleles at the same locus on homologous chromosomes An individual who is heterozygous for a given gene A particular location on a chromosomearrow_forwardThe process by which you get a different assortment of your 4 grandparents' genes (as compared to your siblings) is called Group of answer choices point mutation general mutation random/independent assortment crossover effect inheritancearrow_forwardWhich one of the following entries does not describe the relationship between homologous chromosomes? Contain the same genes, but may be different alleles Contain identical alleles of the same genes Inherit one homologous chromosome from mother, inherit one homologous chromosome from father. Very similar at the DNA sequence levelarrow_forward
- Which of the following terms is used to describe the offspring of a cross of two true-breeding parents that differ in one or more traits? Pure line Homozygous Reciprocal Hybridarrow_forwardTwo cells of an organism usually differ from each other because of their O proteins alleles genes chromosomes All of the above are correctarrow_forwardA proband female with an unidentified disease seeks the advice of a genetic counselor before starting a family. Based on the following data, the counselor constructs a pedigree encompassing three generations: (1) The maternal grandfather of the proband has the disease. (2) The mother of the proband is unaffected and is the youngest of five children, the three oldest being male. (3) The proband has an affected older sister, but the youngest siblings are unaffected twins (boy and girl). (4) All the individuals who have the disease have been revealed. Duplicate the counselors featarrow_forward
- Figure 13.4 Which of the following statements is true? Recombination of the body color and red/ cinnabar eye alleles will occur more frequently than recombination of the alleles for wing length and aristae length. Recombination of the body color and aristae length alleles will occur more frequently than recombination of red/brown eye alleles and the aristae length alleles. Recombination of the gray/black body color and long/short aristae alleles will not occur. Recombination of the red/brown eye and long/short aristae alleles will occur more frequently than recombination of the alleles for wing length and body color.arrow_forwardPedigree Analysis Is a Basic Method in Human Genetics Pedigree analysis permits all of the following except: a. an orderly presentation of family information b. the determination of whether a trait is genetic c. the determination of whether a trait is dominant or recessive d. an understanding of which gene is involved in a heritable disorder e. the determination of whether a trait is sex-linked or autosomalarrow_forwardThe young woman shown at right has albinismvery pale skin, white hair, and pale blue eyes. This phenotype is due to the absence of melanin, which imparts color to the skin, hair, and eyes. It typically is caused by a recessive allele. In the following situations, what are the probable genotypes of the father, the mother, and their children? a. Both parents have normal phenotypes; some of their children are albino and others are not. b. Both parents and all their children are albino. c. The mother is not albino, the father is albino, and one of their four children is albino.arrow_forward
- What phenotypes in what ratio would be expected in the F2 generation of the cross with the following information: The genotype of homozygous black, long haired rabbit is BBhh The genotype of homozygous brown, short haired rabbit is bbHH The gamete of homozygous black, long haired rabbit is Bh The gamete of homozygous brown, short haired rabbit is bH F1 progeny is BbHh (heterozygous black, short haired rabbit)arrow_forwardNon-Mendelian Genetics -Patterns of inheritance in which traits are not passed from -The two alleles of a gene are neither -Phenotypic outcomes can be -Examples include SUSarrow_forwardThe gel image above shows 7 alleles, let's call them 1-7 in order of size, with 1 being the largest and 7 being the smallest. What is the approximate size in Kbp of allele 4? Please type your answer as a number, please do not add units. ANSWER: The approximate size of allele 4 in the gel image below is Blank 1 Kbp Photograph of UV illuminated 1 % agarose TBE gel run for 40 minutes at 120 V, showing the result of PCR from a variable number tandem repeat region in 11 different individuals (A-K) 2000 1650 1000 850 600 500 Key: Lane 1: Lanes 2-12: A B C D E F G H I J K DNA ladder, see image for fragment sizes in base pairs (bp) PCR Products from the same variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) autosomal region of DNA from 11 different individuals (A-K)arrow_forward
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