Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134042435
Author: Michael D. Johnson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 21, Problem 12TY
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Telomeres are stretches of repeated
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Which of the following are characteristics of aging cells (select all that apply)?
A.
Chronic inflammation results in premature shortening of telomeres
B.
Lengthening of telomeric DNA sequence
C.
Accumulation of telomere-dysfunction–induced foci (TIFs)
D.
Older cells produce more telomerase
E.
Increased erosion of telomeres
With regard to human cancer cells, which of the following statements is true?
A. Cancer cells within one tumor usually do not share common mutations
B. Cancer cells generally have lost the ability to divide
C. Oncogenes are non-human genes not related to normal genes in the human genome
D. Mutations in DNA repair genes result in an increased chance of getting cancer.
Which of the following is true about the enzyme telomerase?
A. It is found only in adult cells.
B. It is responsible for telomere shortening.
C. It can re-establish telomere length.
D. It may speed up the aging process.
E. It is expressed at low levels in cancer cells.
Chapter 21 Solutions
Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues (8th Edition)
Ch. 21 - Prob. 1QCCh. 21 - Prob. 2QCCh. 21 -
1. Why does only one sperm fertilize the egg, and...Ch. 21 - Prob. 2CRCh. 21 - Prob. 3CRCh. 21 - Describe the stages of labor and delivery.Ch. 21 - What causes the newborn to take its first breath...Ch. 21 - Prob. 6CRCh. 21 - What causes the onset of puberty (sexual...Ch. 21 - Summarize the three main hypotheses of the causes...
Ch. 21 - Prob. 9CRCh. 21 - Prob. 10CRCh. 21 - Which of the following lists the correct order of...Ch. 21 - Which of the following will result in fraternal...Ch. 21 -
3. Which of the following processes is the first...Ch. 21 - Prob. 4TYCh. 21 - Prob. 5TYCh. 21 - Prob. 6TYCh. 21 -
7. Which of the following is mismatched?
a....Ch. 21 - Prob. 8TYCh. 21 - Prob. 9TYCh. 21 -
10. Which of the following would be detrimental...Ch. 21 - Prob. 11TYCh. 21 - Prob. 12TYCh. 21 - Prob. 13TYCh. 21 - Prob. 14TYCh. 21 - Which hormone plays a critical role both in...Ch. 21 - Prob. 1AWKCh. 21 - Prob. 2AWKCh. 21 - Prob. 3AWKCh. 21 - Each year, it is estimated that over 40,000...Ch. 21 - Prob. 5AWKCh. 21 - Prob. 6AWKCh. 21 - How is it possible that one's life could be...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Which of the following demonstrates the link between oncogenes and cancer? a.Oncogenes do not have mutations that increase the activity or number of molecules that stimulate mitosis. b.Oncogenes produce molecules that inhibit mitosis. c.They are genes that transform tumor cells into normal cells. d.The mutations in oncogenes increase the activity or number of molecules that stimulate mitosis, leading to irregular cell division.arrow_forwardMutations in cancer cells: a.) only cause the tumor to grow if it's an inherited mutation b.) always cause the disease c.) may cause the tumor to grow and may be "bystanders"arrow_forwardA cell in this stage of cancer no longer makes the set of proteins that is was originally instructed to make but has not migrated into surrounding tissues; thus at this stage a tissue specific protein production profile could be used to identify a cancer. a. carcinoma, in situ b. dysplasia c. hyperplasia d. malignant tumorarrow_forward
- Which of the following statements about cancer is correct? A. Cancer stem cells can make tumors resistant to chemotherapy. B. Intra-tumoral heterogeneity makes it easier to treat cancer. C. Mutation in p53 is a type of passenger mutation. D. One driver mutation is more than sufficient for the production of a cancer phenotype.arrow_forwardIn the video, Cancer Warrior, all of the following experimental models were used EXCEPT: a. Chick embryo b. Bone marrow metastasis model c.Mouse tumors and lung metastases d.Rabbit cornea modelarrow_forwardWhich of the following is MOST likely true of aggressively dividing cancer cells (select one)? A. They do not express telomerase B. They do not express hTERT C. They are in a state of cell crisis D. Their telomeres are stabilized (not shortening with each cellular division) E. None of Abovearrow_forward
- With regard to cancer cells, which of the following are true? A. Cancer cells are clonal, meaning that they are derived from many different cells that all underwent the same clonal mutation. Cells usually accumulate many mutations over time, and this results in cancerous growth. B. Almost all cancers are caused by oncogenic viruses. no Benign tumors are dangerous because they can easily invade surrounding tissue and spread to other locations in the body. DE. Cancer cells are unable to control their division.arrow_forward3) Examine the graph showing the relative percentage normal and cancer cells spend in various stages of the cell cycle. Based on the information in the graphs, infer how cancer cells differ from typical, noncancerous cells. Select ALL that apply. A) Cancer cells do not replicate their DNA. B) Cancer cells replicate their DNA too quickly. C) Cancer cells do not go through interphase during their cell cycle. D) Cancer cells spend more time dividing compared to typical cells. E) Cancer cells do not always grow to the same size as typical cells. more than 1 answer. not gradedarrow_forwardone question with multiple parts! 1A) If you were a cancer biologist interested in developing new drugs that will slow down cancer cell metastasis, which of the following strategies would be most effective? a)Develop an activator of mitosis b)Make Her2 protein that is more active on the surface of the cancer cells c) Develop a molecule that increases telomerase activity d) Gene therapy to add a mutated p53 gene to the cancer cells 1B) You are a genetic counsellor, and a couple comes to you with concerns that if they have a child together the child could have the X-linked recessive disease Duchene muscular dystrophy. The man has the disease whereas the woman is a carrier. Which of the following would be a true statement to tell them? a) 100% of their male offspring will likely be carriers of the recessive allele that causes the disease b) 75% of their female offspring will likely be carriers of the recessive allele that causes the disease c) 100% of their male offspring will likely…arrow_forward
- Which of the following accurately compares tumor suppressor genes and proto-oncogenes? A. Both tumor suppressor and proto-oncogenes prevent the spread of cancer by targeting and destroying existing cancer cells. B. A person who has both tumor suppressor and proto-oncogenes will always develop cancer. C. Proto-oncogenes code for growth factors, while tumor suppressor genes inhibit cell division of damaged cells. D. When a proto-oncogene mutates, it becomes a tumor suppressor gene.arrow_forwardA controversial issue, closely related to cloning, that has caused a lot of debate is the use of embryonic stem cells. One possible application of these cells is that they may be able to supply replacement tissues to treat diseases such as Parkinson's disease, diabetes, paralysis due to spinal cord injuries, and other degenerative diseases. The word "embryonic", has caused fierce opposition to this type of research because embryos are destroyed when the stem cells are removed. Questions that have surfaced in this debate include: When a cell nucleus is transferred to another cell, have we created life? Does a stem cell have the same status as a human? What should be done with the embryos that are leftover at in vitro fertilization (IVF), clinics? Advocates argue that the medical benefits of stem cell research would be enormous. Opponents argue that life begins at conception and thus this type of research is abortion. Based on what you have read, explain why you are for or against stem…arrow_forwardWhy is p53 considered a tumor suppressor protein? Question 12 options: a) Because p53 normally detects breaks in DNA. b) Because p53 normally causes progression from G1 to S phase to halt until damaged DNA is fully repaired. c) Because p53 normally repairs breaks in DNA. d) Because p53 normally stimulates transcription of Repair Polymerase. e) Because p53 normally reduces the mutation rate of DNA polymerase.arrow_forward
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