Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134813448
Author: Audesirk, Teresa, Gerald, Byers, Bruce E.
Publisher: Pearson,
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Textbook Question
Chapter 20.2, Problem 2TC
Some of the enzymes that have important uses in molecular biology procedure are extracted from prokaryotes that live in hot springs. Can you guess why?
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Students have asked these similar questions
You are tutoring a fellow student about the genomes of prokaryotes. You ask them to give you one important characteristic about the genomes of bacteria. Which of the following statement given by your student is correct?
-Bacterial cells can contain DNA called plasmids.
-The bacterial chromosome is not contained within a nucleus but, rather, is found at the nucleolus
-Bacterial genomes are diploid throughout most of the cell cycle.
-Bacterial genomes are composed of linear DNA.
-Bacterial cells have multiple chromosomes, "packed" with a relatively large amount of protein.
What is a genophore?
A
DNA in prokaryotes
B
DNA and RNA in prokaryotes
C
DNA and protein in prokaryotes
D
RNA in prokaryotes
Binary fission in bacteria is beneficial for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:
Group of answer choices
Mutation rates in prokaryotes are high due to short generation times
Prokaryotes can copy themselves in as little as 20 minutes, resulting in rapid population growth
Prokaryotes can undergo rapid evolution due to the high mutation rates
The daughter cells that are produced are genetically identical to the parent cell
Chapter 20 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 20.1 - describe some differences between bacteria and...Ch. 20.1 - describe the typical sizes and shapes of...Ch. 20.2 - What might explain the observation that most...Ch. 20.2 - Unwelcome Dinner Guests A few of the bacteria that...Ch. 20.2 - Some of the enzymes that have important uses in...Ch. 20.2 - Unpleasant breath odors are caused mainly by...Ch. 20.2 - As part of a study on the relationship between...Ch. 20.2 - What is the main advantage of prokaryotic fission,...Ch. 20.2 - describe the range of environments inhabited by...Ch. 20.2 - describe adaptations that help protect prokaryotes...
Ch. 20.2 - explain how prokaryotes reproduce and exchange...Ch. 20.3 - If all of Earths nitrogen-fixing prokaryotes were...Ch. 20.3 - Unwelcome Dinner Guests Many of the bacteria...Ch. 20.3 - explain how prokaryotes affect animal and plant...Ch. 20.3 - explain prokaryotes role in nutrient recycling?Ch. 20.3 - describe how prokaryotes help clean up pollution?Ch. 20.3 - describe some of the pathogenic bacteria that...Ch. 20.4 - Why are viruses unable to replicate outside of a...Ch. 20.4 - Biotechnologists often use viruses to transfer...Ch. 20.4 - describe the structure and characteristics of...Ch. 20.4 - describe the effects they can have on host...Ch. 20.4 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 20.4 - Unwelcome Dinner Guests How do harmful bacteria...Ch. 20 - The name of the process by which DNA is...Ch. 20 - A community of prokaryotes surrounded by slime and...Ch. 20 - Which of the following statements about archaea is...Ch. 20 - Viruses a. are usually photosynthetic. b. consist...Ch. 20 - Applying fertilizer near an oil spill to Increase...Ch. 20 - ____________, have peptidoglycan in...Ch. 20 - Prokaryotic cells are ____________,...Ch. 20 - Many prokaryotes use ____________ to move about....Ch. 20 - ____________,bacteria inhabit environments that...Ch. 20 - Prokaryotes reproduce by ____________ and may...Ch. 20 - The plant nutrient ammonium is produced by...Ch. 20 - Cholera, gonorrhea, and pneumonia are some of the...Ch. 20 - A virus consists of a molecule of __________ or...Ch. 20 - Describe some of the ways in which prokaryotes...Ch. 20 - What are nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and what role...Ch. 20 - Describe some of the extreme environments in which...Ch. 20 - What is an endospore? What is its function?Ch. 20 - What is conjugation? What role do plasmids play in...Ch. 20 - Why are prokaryotes especially useful in...Ch. 20 - Describe the structure of a typical virus. How do...Ch. 20 - Describe some examples of how prokaryotes are...Ch. 20 - How do archaea and bacteria differ? How do...Ch. 20 - Prob. 1ACCh. 20 - Before the discovery of prions, many (perhaps...
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- Imagine that there is an E. coli outbreak in your area, and you would like to test the kangkong from your local grocery store. How could you modify this protocol to extract DNA from the kangkong (to identify the species) and check for presence or absence of E. coli.? Keep in mind that (i) E. coli is free-living and not an endosymbiont, and (ii) plant cells are encased in both a cell membrane and cell wall.arrow_forwardUse the graph to identify the most likely consensus sequences. Assume this is a prokaryoticcell, label Pribnow boxarrow_forwardWhat role do genes, RNA, and protein synthesis play in molecular microbiology?arrow_forward
- In the Isolation of DNA, what is the role of Proteinase K? Choose the best answer -Remove disulfied bonds in proteins -Inhibit enzymes -Catalyze breAkdown of Nucleic acids -Degrade proteinsarrow_forwardHow can a scientist tell if a protein present in bacteria and a fruit fly protein have a common origin?arrow_forwardfind an example of a set of genes that have been horizontally gene transferred between bacteria or archaea. Which organisms are the genes transferred between? Explain the set of genes that were transferred. Include what they are for and what the advantage to sharing those genes are.What do the organisms use the genes for?Which organisms the transfer happened between?What might be the advantage be to share the genes with other organisms?arrow_forward
- Model organisms are those widely used by researchers who wish to understand basic processes that are common to many species. Bacteria such as Escherichia coli are model organisms for modern geneticists. Give three reasons why bacteria would be useful in genetic experiments.arrow_forwardA comparison of prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA would show that prokaryotes have more DNA than eukaryotes. prokaryotes and eukaryotes have similar amounts of DNA. eukaryotes have a greater proportion of non-coding DNA than prokaryotes. eukaryotic DNA is contained in a single loop while prokaryotic DNA is organized into multiple strands.arrow_forwardSuppose that you are given a short fragment of DNA to sequence. You amplify the fragment with PCR and set up a series of four dideoxy reactions. You then separate the products of the reactions by gel electrophoresis and obtain the following banding pattern:arrow_forward
- Explain the processes shown in the image below and explain why it is only possible in prokaryotic cells. 5' end RNA 3 polyribosome cotranslation 2 protein ribosome RNA polyrnerase DNAarrow_forwardThe Selfish Gene is a radical theory that argues that all living creatures are essentially vehicles for their genes- hence, we all are a “survival machine" for our genes. In the light of what you have learned about the molecular structure and function of the gene, is this perspective still relevant? Cite specific biological phenomena to prove your point. References:arrow_forwardYou are working with E. coli, studying its metabolism. Your normal lab strain of E. coli can grow using any 6-carbon sugar (glucose, fructose, etc) as its sole carbon and energy source. Recently you have generated a mutant of your E. coli that cannot grow on fructose as its sole carbon and energy source. It can still grow using glucose or other 6-carbon sugars as a sole carbon and energy source. What is the most likely hypothesis for what single gene has been mutated in your new E. coli strain? The fructose transporter Phosphoglucose isomerase (converts glucose 6p to fructose 6pl OPhosphofructokinase (converts Fructose-6p to fructose 1.6pl The glucose transporterarrow_forward
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genetic recombination strategies of bacteria CONJUGATION, TRANSDUCTION AND TRANSFORMATION; Author: Scientist Cindy;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_Va8FZJEl9A;License: Standard youtube license