Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781319114671
Author: Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 20, Problem 27P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The way by which the pentose phosphate pathway and glycolysis are linked by transaldolase and transketolase should be determined.
Concept introduction:
Transketolase is an enzyme that catalyzes an alcohol group transfer between sugar molecules. Transaldolase is an enzyme of the non-oxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway.
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Chapter 20 Solutions
Biochemistry
Ch. 20 - Prob. 1PCh. 20 - Prob. 2PCh. 20 - Prob. 3PCh. 20 - Prob. 4PCh. 20 - Prob. 5PCh. 20 - Prob. 6PCh. 20 - Prob. 7PCh. 20 - Prob. 8PCh. 20 - Prob. 9PCh. 20 - Prob. 10P
Ch. 20 - Prob. 11PCh. 20 - Prob. 12PCh. 20 - Prob. 13PCh. 20 - Prob. 14PCh. 20 - Prob. 15PCh. 20 - Prob. 16PCh. 20 - Prob. 17PCh. 20 - Prob. 18PCh. 20 - Prob. 19PCh. 20 - Prob. 20PCh. 20 - Prob. 21PCh. 20 - Prob. 22PCh. 20 - Prob. 23PCh. 20 - Prob. 24PCh. 20 - Prob. 25PCh. 20 - Prob. 26PCh. 20 - Prob. 27PCh. 20 - Prob. 28PCh. 20 - Prob. 29PCh. 20 - Prob. 30PCh. 20 - Prob. 31PCh. 20 - Prob. 32PCh. 20 - Prob. 33PCh. 20 - Prob. 34PCh. 20 - Prob. 35PCh. 20 - Prob. 36PCh. 20 - Prob. 37PCh. 20 - Prob. 38PCh. 20 - Prob. 39PCh. 20 - Prob. 40PCh. 20 - Prob. 41PCh. 20 - Prob. 42PCh. 20 - Prob. 43PCh. 20 - Prob. 44PCh. 20 - Prob. 45PCh. 20 - Prob. 46PCh. 20 - Prob. 47PCh. 20 - Prob. 48P
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- G. ENZYME CLASSIFICATION. Identify the main class of enzymes used to catalyzed the following reactions: 1. Lactate dehydrogenase: NADH+H NAD HC-OH CH3 CH Pynnte Lactate 2. Methylmalonyl-CoA mutase: CH CH SCOA CH,CH, SCOA coenzyme B12 COO COO methylmalonyl-CoA succinyl-CoA 3. Enolase: 0. H–Ċ–0–P–0- C-0–P-0- + H,0 HO–CH, CH 6 Phosphoenolpyruvate 2-Phosphoglycerate 4. Chymotrypsin: -0–CH,CH3 + H2O - RCOOH + HOCH,CH3 5. Pyruvate carboxylase: coo • co, • ATP + H,0 H-C-H . ADP + P, + 2H čoo CH, Pyruvate Oxaleacetatearrow_forwardDraw Gluconeogenesis. Please make sure to state all the enzymes and co-factors for each step of the pathway. note you are responsible for all the enzymes for each step, even though it is not stated on the slide.arrow_forwardX INCORRECT; see section 13.1 Enzymes occasionally display weak "“side" activities. Draw the structure of the product (other than ADP) of the reaction that results when pyruvate kinase, operating in reverse, uses lactate as a substrate. For your structure: 1. Do not include primary or secondary hydrogens. CH2 HO OH Edit Drawingarrow_forward
- a- During intense exercise the transformation glucose to lactate causes very less ATP production compared to aerobic glycolysis. Explain, does anaerobic glycolysis lead to waste of energy in muscle? b-Glycogen phosphorylase enzyme catalyzes the removal of glucose from glycogen. Describe, glycogen metabolism regulation through glycogen phosphorylase.arrow_forwardNumber the oxygens(1-6) in any order. Trace the path of this glucose through pathways of glycolysis and the TCA cycle and determine which step of the pathways each oxygen is removed from the process.arrow_forwardMatching. Match description of endproducts with specific stage in aerobic respiration starting with one molecule of glucose. Krebs Cycle [ Choose ] glycolysis [ Choose ] Krebs "Prep" [ Choose ]arrow_forward
- D. The following reactions are encountered in the metabolic cycles. Give the main class of enzymes that catalyzes these reactions. 1. glucose + pyruvate → a-ketoglutarate + alanine 2. lactate + NAD+ → pyruvate + NADH + H+ 3. D-ribulose-5-phosphate → D-xylulose-5-phosphate 4. fructose-1-phosphate → fructose-6-phosphate 5. glucose + ATP → glucose-6-phosphate + ADParrow_forwardCompare and contrast biochemical pathways. Describe the chemistry of the last three steps of the TCA. Describe the chemistry of the first three steps of β-oxidation. Explain how these pathways are similar and how they differ in terms of their chemistry, the involvement of coenzymes and the fate of the electrons. Describe the two connections between the urea cycle and the citric acid cyclearrow_forward. Glucagon secretion causes inhibition of intracellular acetyl-CoA car- boxylase activity by several mechanisms. Name all you can think of.arrow_forward
- Fates of glucose 6 phosphate. Fill in the missing info for the overview of metabolismarrow_forwardD. The following reactions are encountered in the metabolic cycles. Give the main class of enzymes that catalyzes these reactions. 6. starch + HOH → a-D-glucose 7. acetyl CoA + oxaloacetate → citric acid 8. pyruvate + CO2 + ATP → oxaloacetate + ADP + Pi 9. creatine + ATP → phosphocreatine + ADP 10. alanine → propanoic acid + NH3arrow_forwardCompare and contrast regulation of gluconeogenesis and glycolysis rates. Part I. Complete the table by replacing question mark (?) with "high" or "low" as required. [lactate] (high/low) high high high high low low (glucose) (highlow) high | high ATPMAMP] (high/low) | high low high low high low high low Rate glycolysis (highſow) Rate GNG (high/low) ? low low high | high low low low low Part II. (Each row in the table is a separate condition. Interpret each condition independently) Annotation: Prepare to explain the rates. Extra Credit. Blood glucose ranges 5.5 mM and 7.1 mM. The Km for hexokinase is 10 mM in liver and 0.1 mM in muscle. Explain how each condition may or may not arise in muscle, liver, or both.arrow_forward
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