The mechanism for the formation of mesitylene by heating acetone with sulfuric acid is to be proposed. Concept introduction: 舧 Electrophiles are electron-deficient species, which has positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles, which accept electron pair. 舧 Nucleophiles are electron-rich species, which has negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles, which donate electron pair. 舧 Free radical is an atom, molecule, or ion that has an unpaired electron, which makes it highly chemically reactive. 舧 Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction. 舧 Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction. 舧 Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules. 舧 A carbon-carbon bond formation occurs by aldol addition and aldol condensation reaction. 舧 An aldol reaction takes place by acid catalysis, and direct dehydration of β − hydroxy aldol intermediate forms α , β − unsaturated product. 舧 A chemical reaction that is catalyzed by an acid is called acid-catalyzed reaction. 舧 A chemical reaction that is catalyzed by n base is called base-catalyzed reaction. 舧 Aldol reaction is preferred in basic condition over acidic condition, as after the aldol condensation, acid catalysis promotes the reaction further.

Question

Want to see the full answer?

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 19, Problem 8PP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The mechanism for the formation of mesitylene by heating acetone with sulfuric acid is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

舧 Electrophiles are electron-deficient species, which has positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles, which accept electron pair.

舧 Nucleophiles are electron-rich species, which has negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles, which donate electron pair.

舧 Free radical is an atom, molecule, or ion that has an unpaired electron, which makes it highly chemically reactive.

舧 Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction.

舧 Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction.

舧 Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules.

舧 A carbon-carbon bond formation occurs by aldol addition and aldol condensation reaction.

舧 An aldol reaction takes place by acid catalysis, and direct dehydration of β− hydroxy aldol intermediate forms α,β− unsaturated product.

舧 A chemical reaction that is catalyzed by an acid is called acid-catalyzed reaction.

舧 A chemical reaction that is catalyzed by n base is called base-catalyzed reaction.

舧 Aldol reaction is preferred in basic condition over acidic condition, as after the aldol condensation, acid catalysis promotes the reaction further.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Students have asked these similar questions

In an aqueous solution containing sodium bicarbonate, aniline reacts quickly withbromine to give 2,4,6-tribromoaniline. Nitration of aniline requires very strong conditions,however, and the yields (mostly m-nitroaniline) are poor.(a) What conditions are used for nitration, and what form of aniline is present under theseconditions?

Reaction of p-nitroaniline with sodium nitrite and hydrochloric acid at 0°C, followed by treatment with N,N-diethylaniline.

Dichlorocarbene can also be generated by heating sodium trichloroacetate. Propose a mechanism for the reaction

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 19, Problem 8PP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The mechanism for the formation of mesitylene by heating acetone with sulfuric acid is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

舧 Electrophiles are electron-deficient species, which has positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles, which accept electron pair.

舧 Nucleophiles are electron-rich species, which has negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles, which donate electron pair.

舧 Free radical is an atom, molecule, or ion that has an unpaired electron, which makes it highly chemically reactive.

舧 Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction.

舧 Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction.

舧 Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules.

舧 A carbon-carbon bond formation occurs by aldol addition and aldol condensation reaction.

舧 An aldol reaction takes place by acid catalysis, and direct dehydration of β− hydroxy aldol intermediate forms α,β− unsaturated product.

舧 A chemical reaction that is catalyzed by an acid is called acid-catalyzed reaction.

舧 A chemical reaction that is catalyzed by n base is called base-catalyzed reaction.

舧 Aldol reaction is preferred in basic condition over acidic condition, as after the aldol condensation, acid catalysis promotes the reaction further.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 3

Question

Chapter 19, Problem 8PP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The mechanism for the formation of mesitylene by heating acetone with sulfuric acid is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

舧 Electrophiles are electron-deficient species, which has positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles, which accept electron pair.

舧 Nucleophiles are electron-rich species, which has negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles, which donate electron pair.

舧 Free radical is an atom, molecule, or ion that has an unpaired electron, which makes it highly chemically reactive.

舧 Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction.

舧 Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction.

舧 Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules.

舧 A carbon-carbon bond formation occurs by aldol addition and aldol condensation reaction.

舧 An aldol reaction takes place by acid catalysis, and direct dehydration of β− hydroxy aldol intermediate forms α,β− unsaturated product.

舧 A chemical reaction that is catalyzed by an acid is called acid-catalyzed reaction.

舧 A chemical reaction that is catalyzed by n base is called base-catalyzed reaction.

舧 Aldol reaction is preferred in basic condition over acidic condition, as after the aldol condensation, acid catalysis promotes the reaction further.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 4

Question

Chapter 19, Problem 8PP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The mechanism for the formation of mesitylene by heating acetone with sulfuric acid is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

舧 Electrophiles are electron-deficient species, which has positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles, which accept electron pair.

舧 Nucleophiles are electron-rich species, which has negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles, which donate electron pair.

舧 Free radical is an atom, molecule, or ion that has an unpaired electron, which makes it highly chemically reactive.

舧 Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction.

舧 Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction.

舧 Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules.

舧 A carbon-carbon bond formation occurs by aldol addition and aldol condensation reaction.

舧 An aldol reaction takes place by acid catalysis, and direct dehydration of β− hydroxy aldol intermediate forms α,β− unsaturated product.

舧 A chemical reaction that is catalyzed by an acid is called acid-catalyzed reaction.

舧 A chemical reaction that is catalyzed by n base is called base-catalyzed reaction.

舧 Aldol reaction is preferred in basic condition over acidic condition, as after the aldol condensation, acid catalysis promotes the reaction further.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 5

Chapter 19, Problem 8PP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The mechanism for the formation of mesitylene by heating acetone with sulfuric acid is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

舧 Electrophiles are electron-deficient species, which has positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles, which accept electron pair.

舧 Nucleophiles are electron-rich species, which has negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles, which donate electron pair.

舧 Free radical is an atom, molecule, or ion that has an unpaired electron, which makes it highly chemically reactive.

舧 Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction.

舧 Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction.

舧 Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules.

舧 A carbon-carbon bond formation occurs by aldol addition and aldol condensation reaction.

舧 An aldol reaction takes place by acid catalysis, and direct dehydration of β− hydroxy aldol intermediate forms α,β− unsaturated product.

舧 A chemical reaction that is catalyzed by an acid is called acid-catalyzed reaction.

舧 A chemical reaction that is catalyzed by n base is called base-catalyzed reaction.

舧 Aldol reaction is preferred in basic condition over acidic condition, as after the aldol condensation, acid catalysis promotes the reaction further.

Answer 6

Chapter 19, Problem 8PP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The mechanism for the formation of mesitylene by heating acetone with sulfuric acid is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

舧 Electrophiles are electron-deficient species, which has positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles, which accept electron pair.

舧 Nucleophiles are electron-rich species, which has negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles, which donate electron pair.

舧 Free radical is an atom, molecule, or ion that has an unpaired electron, which makes it highly chemically reactive.

舧 Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction.

舧 Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction.

舧 Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules.

舧 A carbon-carbon bond formation occurs by aldol addition and aldol condensation reaction.

舧 An aldol reaction takes place by acid catalysis, and direct dehydration of β− hydroxy aldol intermediate forms α,β− unsaturated product.

舧 A chemical reaction that is catalyzed by an acid is called acid-catalyzed reaction.

舧 A chemical reaction that is catalyzed by n base is called base-catalyzed reaction.

舧 Aldol reaction is preferred in basic condition over acidic condition, as after the aldol condensation, acid catalysis promotes the reaction further.

Answer 7

Chapter 19, Problem 8PP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The mechanism for the formation of mesitylene by heating acetone with sulfuric acid is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

舧 Electrophiles are electron-deficient species, which has positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles, which accept electron pair.

舧 Nucleophiles are electron-rich species, which has negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles, which donate electron pair.

舧 Free radical is an atom, molecule, or ion that has an unpaired electron, which makes it highly chemically reactive.

舧 Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction.

舧 Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction.

舧 Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules.

舧 A carbon-carbon bond formation occurs by aldol addition and aldol condensation reaction.

舧 An aldol reaction takes place by acid catalysis, and direct dehydration of β− hydroxy aldol intermediate forms α,β− unsaturated product.

舧 A chemical reaction that is catalyzed by an acid is called acid-catalyzed reaction.

舧 A chemical reaction that is catalyzed by n base is called base-catalyzed reaction.

舧 Aldol reaction is preferred in basic condition over acidic condition, as after the aldol condensation, acid catalysis promotes the reaction further.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 9

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 10

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 11

Ch. 19 - PRACTICE PROBLEM 19.1 (a) Write a mechanism. for...Ch. 19 - Practice Problem 19.2 Since the products obtained...Ch. 19 - Prob. 3PP Ch. 19 - PRACTICE PROBLEM 19.4 Write mechanisms that...Ch. 19 - Prob. 5PP Ch. 19 - Prob. 6PP Ch. 19 - Practice Problem 19.7 The acid-catalyzed aldol...Ch. 19 - Prob. 8PP Ch. 19 - Practice Problem 19.9 (a) Provide a mechanism for...Ch. 19 - Prob. 10PP

Solution Summary: The author explains the mechanism for the formation of mesitylene by heating acetone with sulfuric acid.

Want to see the full answer?

Chapter 19 Solutions