Biology: Life on Earth (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134168296
Author: Gerald Audesirk, Teresa Audesirk, Bruce E. Byers
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 18, Problem 1AC
Extinctions have occurred throughout the history of life on Earth. Why should we care if humans are causing a mass extinction event now?
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HOW MANY MASS EXTINCTION EVENTS HAS EARTH WITNESSED SO FAR?
Throughout Earth’s history, many species, and perhaps even most of the species that ever existed, have become extinct. The causes are numerous: climate change, volcanic activity, the actions of oxygen-producing organisms, changes in carbon dioxide concentration, and even asteroid impacts. Have humans ever caused extinctions?
Because mass extinction is a natural process that may facilitate evolution during the period of thousands to millions of years that follow it, should humans be concerned about the current mass extinction we are causing? Why or why not?
Chapter 18 Solutions
Biology: Life on Earth (11th Edition)
Ch. 18 - 1. Almost all of the oxygen gas in today’s...Ch. 18 - Extinction a. generally does not occur except...Ch. 18 - 3. In the endosymbiotic origin of the...Ch. 18 - 4. Which of the following does not list...Ch. 18 - Prob. 5MCCh. 18 - 1. Because there was no oxygen in the earliest...Ch. 18 - 2. The molecule ________ became a candidate for...Ch. 18 - 3. Complex cells that contain a nucleus and other...Ch. 18 - 4. The sperm of early land plants had to reach the...Ch. 18 - 5. Early plants that protected their seeds within...
Ch. 18 - Prob. 6FTBCh. 18 - Amphibians gave rise to ____________, which had...Ch. 18 - 1. What is the evidence that life might have...Ch. 18 - Prob. 2RQCh. 18 - 3. Explain the endosymbiont hypothesis for the...Ch. 18 - 4. Name two advantages of multicellularity for...Ch. 18 - What advantages and disadvantages would...Ch. 18 - 6. Outline the major adaptations that emerged...Ch. 18 - Outline the evolution of humans from early...Ch. 18 - Extinctions have occurred throughout the history...Ch. 18 - In biological terms, what do you think was the...
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- WHAT IS MASS EXTINCTION? HOW DID MASS EXTINCTION EVENTS INFLUENCE EARTH'S HISTORY?arrow_forwardWhat is the “sixth mass extinction event”?arrow_forwardWe have looked at what the fossil record can tell us about the amazing History of Life on Earth. We've examined the evidence for an early origin for life in the sea, 3800 million years, and investigated how life invaded life about 500 million years. We've also discussed the subsequent boom in life that massively increased biodiversity but also noted how the History of Life is frequently punctuated by mass extinctions. Today we stand on the threshold of a new mass extinction event. The biodiversity that we take for granted and that sustains humans is threatened to a degree only rarely seen in 4500 million years of Earth History. NOW TO CONCLUDE, ANSWER THE QUESTION. 1. ARE WE ON THE BRINK OF A MASS EXTINCTION? WHAT WOULD BE THE CONSEQUENCES FOR SOCIETY OF LOSING HALF OF ALL SPECIES BY 2100? ARE THERE ACTIONS THAT WE CAN TAKE AS INDIVIDUALS AND AS SOCIETY TO HELP PROTECT LIFE ON EARTH?arrow_forward
- what is mass extinction?arrow_forwardWhat are some of the hypothesized causes of Earth’s biggest mass extinctions?arrow_forwardThe term Anthropocene implies that we were the major force of nature prior to 10,000 years ago. our global impact has accelerated greatly during the past couple of centuries. humans have impacted the earth at a planetary scale so severe that we can consider this a new geological epoch. millions of years from now the record of human life will be eradicated. there are more humans than bacteria.arrow_forward
- Which of the following is believed to be common among all mass extinction events? the type of event that causes the extinction the number of species that went extinct a significant change in the global climate the type of species that went extinctarrow_forwardWhy is studying extinctions is critical for our survival?arrow_forward(A) What is extinction? How extinction is different from expiration? Explain. (B)List the five mass extinction episodes occurred in the history of Earth. Characterize the nature and extent of each extinction episode.arrow_forward
- Do you believe were in a mass extinction period right now? Why or why not?arrow_forwardIncreases in species diversity arise because of A)increases in the rate of speciation. B)decreases in the rate of extinction. C)higher rates of speciation than extinction. D)All of the above The rates of extinction since the origin of life have followed which pattern? A)Gradual decrease B)Gradual increase C)No change D)Several episodes of mass extinctions, with much lower rates of fluctuating extinctions in between Which of the following statements about the outcome of the evolution of a new species through hybridization is false? A)The new species is always an intermediate of the two parent species. B)The new species may have traits that allow it to inhabit environments different from both parental species. C)The new species may have greater genetic diversity and therefore greater trait diversity than the parental species. D)All of the above How can ecological processes influence the evolution of a population? A)Ecological…arrow_forwardWhich eon has more events occurring in it? During which eon did life evolve? What is the difference between background extinctions and mass extinctions?arrow_forward
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