Concept explainers
Interpretation:
A reaction roadmap have to be made for the reactions in the study Guide section of problems 15.19, 16.72 and 17.45.
Concept Introduction:
Addition Reaction: It is defined as
Addition of alcohols to
Example: the reaction of methanol with ethanol to form hemiacetals or acetals.
Unsaturated compound: The nucleophile reacts with
The alkylation at the β carbon of ketone or aldehyde is done by the following mechanism;
(1) Alkylating the β carbon via enamine intermediate.
(2) Alkylating the β carbon via a Michael reaction.
Acetals: Acetals are used to protect the ketone and aldehyde (carbonyl group).
In this reaction acetone is protected as acetal by using ethylene glycol. Acetals are less stable compound.
A hemiacetal or a hemiketal: addition of alcohol to an aldehyde or ketone which produce hemi acetal.
Depending on the number of carbon side chain of the nitrogen, different types of amines can form.
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Chapter 18 Solutions
Organic Chemistry, Loose-leaf Version
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