Chapter 18, Problem 116A

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The ${\text{F}}^{-}$ ion is named and identified as an anion or a cation.

Concept Introduction: Positive ions, commonly known as cations, are particles with a lesser number of electrons than protons. If a particle has a larger number of electrons than protons, it is an anion or negative ion.

Answer to Problem 116A

The ${\text{F}}^{-}$ is called a fluoride ion, and it is an anion.

Explanation of Solution

The given ion ${\text{F}}^{-}$ is called fluoride ion.

  ${\text{F}}^{-}$ is an anion because it carries a negative charge.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The ${\text{Cu}}^{2+}$ ion is named and identified as an anion or a cation.

Concept Introduction: Positive ions, commonly known as cations, are particles with a lesser number of electrons than protons. If a particle has a larger number of electrons than protons, it is an anion or negative ion.

Answer to Problem 116A

The ${\text{Cu}}^{2+}$ is called a copper (II) ion, and it is a cation.

Explanation of Solution

The given ion ${\text{Cu}}^{2+}$ is called copper (II) ion.

  ${\text{Cu}}^{2+}$ is a cation because it carries a positive charge.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The ${\text{P}}^{3-}$ ion is named and identified as an anion or a cation.

Concept Introduction: Positive ions, commonly known as cations, are particles with a lesser number of electrons than protons. If a particle has a larger number of electrons than protons, it is an anion or negative ion.

Answer to Problem 116A

The ${\text{P}}^{3-}$ is called a phosphide ion, and it is an anion.

Explanation of Solution

The given ion ${\text{P}}^{3-}$ is called a phosphide ion.

  ${\text{P}}^{3-}$ is an anion because it carries a negative charge.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The ${\text{H}}^{+}$ ion is named and identified as an anion or a cation.

Concept Introduction: Positive ions, commonly known as cations, are particles with a lesser number of electrons than protons. If a particle has a larger number of electrons than protons, it is an anion or negative ion.

Answer to Problem 116A

The ${\text{H}}^{+}$ is called a hydrogen ion, and it is a cation.

Explanation of Solution

The given ion ${\text{H}}^{+}$ is called a hydrogen ion.

  ${\text{H}}^{+}$ is a cation because it carries a positive charge.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The ${\text{Na}}^{+}$ ion is named and identified as an anion or a cation.

Concept Introduction: Positive ions, commonly known as cations, are particles with a lesser number of electrons than protons. If a particle has a larger number of electrons than protons, it is an anion or negative ion.

Answer to Problem 116A

The ${\text{Na}}^{+}$ is called a sodium ion, and it is a cation.

Explanation of Solution

The given ion ${\text{Na}}^{+}$ is called a sodium ion.

  ${\text{Na}}^{+}$ is a cation because it carries a positive charge.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The ${\text{I}}^{-}$ ion is named and identified as an anion or a cation.

Concept Introduction: Positive ions, commonly known as cations, are particles with a lesser number of electrons than protons. If a particle has a larger number of electrons than protons, it is an anion or negative ion.

Answer to Problem 116A

The ${\text{I}}^{-}$ is called an iodide ion, and it is an anion.

Explanation of Solution

The given ion ${\text{I}}^{-}$ is called an iodide ion.

  ${\text{I}}^{-}$ is an anion because it carries a negative charge.

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The ${\text{O}}^{2-}$ ion is named and identified as an anion or a cation.

Concept Introduction: Positive ions, commonly known as cations, are particles with a lesser number of electrons than protons. If a particle has a larger number of electrons than protons, it is an anion or negative ion.

Answer to Problem 116A

The ${\text{O}}^{2-}$ is called an oxide ion, and it is an anion.

Explanation of Solution

The given ion ${\text{O}}^{2-}$ is called an oxide ion.

  ${\text{O}}^{2-}$ is an anion because it carries a negative charge.

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The ${\text{Mg}}^{2+}$ ion is named and identified as an anion or a cation.

Concept Introduction: Positive ions, commonly known as cations, are particles with a lesser number of electrons than protons. If a particle has a larger number of electrons than protons, it is an anion or negative ion.

Answer to Problem 116A

The ${\text{Mg}}^{2+}$ is called a magnesium ion, and it is a cation.

Explanation of Solution

The given ion ${\text{Mg}}^{2+}$ is called a magnesium ion.

  ${\text{Mg}}^{2+}$ is a cation because it carries a positive charge.