SEELEY'S ANATOMY+PHYSIOLOGY
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781260172195
Author: VanPutte
Publisher: RENT MCG
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Chapter 17, Problem 9RAC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Up-regulation is the increase in the rate of the synthesis of the receptors in the target cells and increase in the sensitivity of the receptors to certain hormones. This increases the total receptor molecules for a given hormone.
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Steroid hormones
a. can diffuse through the membrane without a carrier.
b. have a direct effect on gene expression.
c. bind to membrane receptors.
d. Both a and b are correct.
What is the principal difference of endocrine system from other signaling systems?
Select one:
A. Endocrine signals diffuse to neighboring target cells.
B. Endocrine signals produce self-activation of the secreting cells.
C. Endocrine system uses cell-cell contact to transduce signals.
D. Endocrine signals are delivered by blood.
E. Endocrine signals always generate faster responses in target cells.
The action of steroid hormones is different from that of peptide hormones becausea. peptide hormones must enter the cell to begin action, whereas steroid hormones must begin action on the external surface of the cell membrane.b. steroid hormones must enter the cell to begin action, whereas peptide hormones must begin action on the external surface of the cell membrane.c. peptide hormones produce a hormone receptor complex that works directly on the DNA, whereas steroid hormones cause the release of a secondary messenger that triggers enzymes.d. None of these answers is correct.
Chapter 17 Solutions
SEELEY'S ANATOMY+PHYSIOLOGY
Ch. 17.1 - How does an endocrine gland differ from an...Ch. 17.1 - Prob. 2AYPCh. 17.1 - In what ways does the nervous system differ from...Ch. 17.1 - Name and describe the four classes of chemical...Ch. 17.2 - Prob. 5AYPCh. 17.2 - Prob. 6AYPCh. 17.2 - Prob. 7AYPCh. 17.2 - What effect does a bound hormone have on the...Ch. 17.2 - What are the two chemical categories of hormones?...Ch. 17.2 - Describe how the chemical nature of a hormone...
Ch. 17.2 - Prob. 11AYPCh. 17.2 - Why do organs regulated by protein hormones have...Ch. 17.2 - Prob. 13AYPCh. 17.2 - Describe chronic, acute, and episodic patterns of...Ch. 17.3 - Describe and give examples of the three major ways...Ch. 17.3 - Prob. 16AYPCh. 17.4 - What characteristics ofa hormone receptor make...Ch. 17.4 - What is down-regulation, and what may cause it to...Ch. 17.4 - Prob. 19AYPCh. 17.4 - What are the two classes of hormone receptors? How...Ch. 17.4 - Prob. 21AYPCh. 17.4 - Prob. 22AYPCh. 17.4 - Prob. 23AYPCh. 17.4 - What two ways can a membrane-bound receptor use to...Ch. 17.4 - Explain how the hormone-receptor complex can alter...Ch. 17.4 - List four intracellular mediators affected by G...Ch. 17.4 - Prob. 27AYPCh. 17.4 - Prob. 28AYPCh. 17.4 - Prob. 29AYPCh. 17.4 - Prob. 30AYPCh. 17 - Prob. 1RACCh. 17 - Prob. 2RACCh. 17 - Which of these can regulate the secretion of a...Ch. 17 - Prob. 4RACCh. 17 - Prob. 5RACCh. 17 - Concerning the half-lifeof hormones, a....Ch. 17 - Prob. 7RACCh. 17 - Prob. 8RACCh. 17 - Prob. 9RACCh. 17 - Prob. 10RACCh. 17 - Prob. 11RACCh. 17 - Which of these can limit a cell's response to a...Ch. 17 - Prob. 13RACCh. 17 - Prob. 14RACCh. 17 - When a hormone binds to a nuclear receptor a. DNA...Ch. 17 - Prob. 16RACCh. 17 - Prob. 1CTCh. 17 - Prob. 2CTCh. 17 - Prob. 3CTCh. 17 - Prob. 4CTCh. 17 - Prob. 5CTCh. 17 - Prob. 6CTCh. 17 - Thyroid hormones are important in regulating the...Ch. 17 - Prob. 8CTCh. 17 - Prob. 9CT
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- When a hormone binds to a nuclear receptora. DNA produces mRNA.b. G proteins are activated.c. the hormone-receptor complex causes ion channels to open or close.d. the cell’s response is faster than when a hormone binds to a membranebound receptor.e. the hormone is usually a large, water-soluble moleculearrow_forwardGiven these events:(1) The α subunit of a G protein interacts with Ca2+channels.(2) Calcium ions diffuse into the cell.(3) The α subunit of a G protein is activated.Choose the arrangement that lists the events in the order they occurafter a hormone binds to a receptor on a smooth muscle cell.a. 1,2,3 c. 2,1,3 e. 3,2,1b. 1,3,2 d. 3,1,2arrow_forwardA new antagonist molecule has been discovered that binds to and blocks plasma membrane receptors. What effect will this antagonist have on testosterone, a steroid hormone? a. It will block testosterone from binding to its receptor. b. It will block testosterone from activating cAMP signaling. c. It will increase testosterone-mediated signaling. d. It will not affect testosterone-mediated signaling.arrow_forward
- Activated G proteins cana. cause ion channels to open or close.b. activate adenylate cyclase.c. inhibit the synthesis of cAMP.d. alter the activity of IP3.e. All of these are correct.arrow_forwardPeptide hormonesa. typically bind to receptors in the cytoplasm of a target cell.b. typically bind to receptors on the surface of a target cell.c. always activate gene transcription in their target cells.d. never activate gene transcription in their target cells.arrow_forwardwhich of the following happens when a therapeutic synthetic homone is introduced intno the body to treat patients natural hormone insufficiency?(select all that apply) A. The target cell responds the same way as when the hormone is natural B. the synthetic hormone has no effect on the target tissues C. the amount of natural hormone produced by the patients body declines D. the synthetic hormone is destroyed before it can have an effect on the target tissue.arrow_forward
- Second messengers amplify a hormone’s signal bya. increasing its production.b. stabilizing the hormone’s structure.c. triggering an enzyme cascade.d. activating interfering mRNA.arrow_forwardYou learn that your “new” discovered hormone activates phospholipase C. Based on this, which one of the following changes is most likely to occur following hormone administration? a. Intracellular DAG levels will increase b. Cytosolic Ca concentrations will decrease c. Ca association with calmodulin will decrease d. Phosphorylation of protein tyrosine residues will increase e. None of the above Factors known to increase ACTH secretion include all of the following except: a. stress b. ADH c. Hyperglycemia d. CRH e. a and barrow_forwardConcerning the half-life of hormones,a. lipid-soluble hormones generally have a longer half-life.b. hormones with a shorter half-life regulate activities with a slowonset and long duration.c. hormones with a shorter half-life are maintained at more constantlevels in the blood.d. lipid-soluble hormones are degraded rapidly by enzymes in the circulatory system.e. water-soluble hormones usually bind to plasma proteins.arrow_forward
- what happens when an agonist, instead of the endogenous (natural) hormone binds to the hormone recepters of a target. A. an antagonist is necessary to remove the agonist B. the agonist blockd any response in the target cell C. the cell responds by producing its own hormone D. transcription factors are blocked from binding to the promotor region E. the agonist has the same effect as the endogenous hormone.arrow_forwardYou learn that your “new” discovered hormone activates phospholipase C. Based on this, which one of the following changes is most likely to occur following hormone administration? a. Intracellular DAG levels will increase b. Cytosolic Ca concentrations will decrease c. Ca association with calmodulin will decrease d. Phosphorylation of protein tyrosine residues will increase e. None of the abovearrow_forwardWhich of the following are components of intracellular enzyme cascades initiated by water-soluble hormones? a. G proteins . cAMP molecules c. protein kinase enzymes d. All of these are correct.arrow_forward
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