Human Anatomy (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780134320762
Author: Frederic H. Martini, Robert B. Tallitsch, Judi L. Nath
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 17, Problem 6RC
Summary Introduction
To review:
The reason due to which effects of parasympathetic stimulation are more localized and specific as compared to the sympathetic stimulation.
Introduction:
The PNS (parasympathetic nervous system) and SNS (sympathetic nervous system) are the subdivisions of the autonomic nervous system. The SNS generates “fight-or-flight” response. The PNS generates “rest-and-digest” function of the body. They serve same organ, but with different effects. In other words, one system stimulates a psychological response, whereas other hinders it.
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Why does the sympathetic division produce simultaneous effects throughout the body, in contrast to parasympathetic effects, which typically are localized to specific organs?
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Chapter 17 Solutions
Human Anatomy (9th Edition)
Ch. 17 - Match each numbered item with the most closely...Ch. 17 - Prob. 2RFTCh. 17 - Prob. 3RFTCh. 17 - Prob. 4RFTCh. 17 - Prob. 5RFTCh. 17 - Prob. 6RFTCh. 17 - Match each numbered item with the most closely...Ch. 17 - Prob. 8RFTCh. 17 - Prob. 9RFTCh. 17 - Prob. 10RFT
Ch. 17 - Visceral motor neurons in the CNS (a) are...Ch. 17 - Prob. 12RFTCh. 17 - Prob. 13RFTCh. 17 - Prob. 14RFTCh. 17 - The neurotransmitter at all synapses and...Ch. 17 - Prob. 16RFTCh. 17 - 17. Sympathetic preganglionic fibers are...Ch. 17 - Prob. 18RFTCh. 17 - Postganglionic fibers of autonomic neurons are...Ch. 17 - The white ramus communicans a. carries the...Ch. 17 - Prob. 1RCCh. 17 - Prob. 2RCCh. 17 - Prob. 3RCCh. 17 - Prob. 4RCCh. 17 - Prob. 5RCCh. 17 - Prob. 6RCCh. 17 - 7. How do sympathetic chain ganglia differ from...Ch. 17 - 8. Compare the general effects of the sympathetic...Ch. 17 - Prob. 9RCCh. 17 - Prob. 1CTCh. 17 - Prob. 2CT
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- Define the functions of the sympathetic division ?arrow_forwardList and describe the major effects of parasympathetic stimulation. Explain why sympathetic effectstend to be systemic and long lasting, while parasympathetic effects are local and short lived.arrow_forwardidentify and describe the four basic pathways used in the sympathetic division.arrow_forward
- Describe the effect of sympathetic innervation on each effector organ, especially the heart, blood vessels, gastrointestinal tract, lungs, adrenal medulla, and external genitalia.arrow_forwardWhat are the main differences between the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches of the autonomic nervous system?arrow_forwardA target effector, such as the heart, receives input from the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems. What is the actual difference between the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions at the level of those connections (i.e., at the synapse)? Why does smoking increase the risk of heart disease? Provide two reasons based on autonomic function.arrow_forward
- Compare the primary mechanisms used by the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions to clear or remove neurotransmitters? In other words, how do they terminate their neurotransmitter activity? How do they differ from each other? Question #2 Barbra Streisand, age 79, has asthma. We are considering an adrenergic drug for treatment. For Ms. Streisand, what are the drug advantages and diadvantages associciated with the use of ephedrine isoproterenol metaproterenol albuterol terbutaline Would her age be a factor in selecting the best drug? Explain. Question #3 Steven Seagal, age 69, has hypertension and asthma. We are considering treating him with an adrenergic blocker. What are the advantages and disadvantages for each of the drugs below to treat high blood pressure? doxazosin prazosin propranolol metoprolol atenolol acebutolol What needs to be included when teaching individuals suffering from high blood pressure about the use of an adrenergic blocker?arrow_forwardHow can the sympathetic division cause smooth muscle torelax in some organs but contract in others?arrow_forwardWhich ganglia are associated with the parasympathetic division? Sympathetic division?arrow_forward
- Why do sympathetic effects last longer than parasympathetic effects?arrow_forwardDescribe the sympathetic vasomotor tone: its origin, the neurotransmitter and receptor responsible for the effect.arrow_forwardHow do the general effects of the sympathetic division differfrom those of the parasympathetic division?arrow_forward
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