Human Anatomy (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780134320762
Author: Frederic H. Martini, Robert B. Tallitsch, Judi L. Nath
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 17, Problem 18RFT
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Preganglionic autonomic fibers are the neural components of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), which originate from the visceral motor neuron of the central nervous system (CNS) and synapse with the neurons present in the autonomic ganglion. These fibers are primarily responsible for the sympathetic activation and carry out this process through the help of certain excitatory neurotransmitters.
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For each of the following terms or phrases, write either S (for sympathetic) or P (for parasympathetic) division of the autonomic nervous system.__(1) short preganglionic axons, long postganglionic axons__(2) intramural ganglia__(3) craniosacral outflow __(4) adrenergic fibers __(5) cervical ganglia of the sympathetic trunk __(6) otic and ciliary ganglia __(7) more widespread response __(8) increases heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure __(9) increases motility of stomach and secretion of lacrimal and salivary glands __(10) innervates blood vessels __(11) most active when you are lolling in a hammock __(12) most active when you are running in the Boston Marathon __(13) gray rami communicantes __(14) synapse in celiac ganglion __(15) relates to fear response induced by the amygdaloid body
Given these phrases:(1) neuron cell bodies in the nuclei of cranial nerves(2) neuron cell bodies in the lateral gray horn of the spinal cord(T1–L2 and S2–S4)(3) two synapses between the CNS and effectors(4) regulates smooth muscleWhich of the phrases are true for the autonomic nervous system?a. 1,3 b. 2,4 c. 1,2,3 d. 2,3,4 e. 1,2,3,4
Select the best answer or answers from the choices given: The white rami communicantes contain what kind of fibers? (a) preganglionic parasympathetic, (b) postganglionic parasympathetic, (c) preganglionic sympathetic, (d) postganglionic sympathetic.
Chapter 17 Solutions
Human Anatomy (9th Edition)
Ch. 17 - Match each numbered item with the most closely...Ch. 17 - Prob. 2RFTCh. 17 - Prob. 3RFTCh. 17 - Prob. 4RFTCh. 17 - Prob. 5RFTCh. 17 - Prob. 6RFTCh. 17 - Match each numbered item with the most closely...Ch. 17 - Prob. 8RFTCh. 17 - Prob. 9RFTCh. 17 - Prob. 10RFT
Ch. 17 - Visceral motor neurons in the CNS (a) are...Ch. 17 - Prob. 12RFTCh. 17 - Prob. 13RFTCh. 17 - Prob. 14RFTCh. 17 - The neurotransmitter at all synapses and...Ch. 17 - Prob. 16RFTCh. 17 - 17. Sympathetic preganglionic fibers are...Ch. 17 - Prob. 18RFTCh. 17 - Postganglionic fibers of autonomic neurons are...Ch. 17 - The white ramus communicans a. carries the...Ch. 17 - Prob. 1RCCh. 17 - Prob. 2RCCh. 17 - Prob. 3RCCh. 17 - Prob. 4RCCh. 17 - Prob. 5RCCh. 17 - Prob. 6RCCh. 17 - 7. How do sympathetic chain ganglia differ from...Ch. 17 - 8. Compare the general effects of the sympathetic...Ch. 17 - Prob. 9RCCh. 17 - Prob. 1CTCh. 17 - Prob. 2CT
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- The ANS is subdivided into sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions. Review the differences between these two divisions by filling in the table below: Characteristic Sympathetic or Parasympathetic? Calms you down — "rest and digest" ["", ""] Pumps you up — "fight or flight" ["", ""] Preganglionic neuron long, postganglionic neuron short ["", ""] Preganglionic neuron short, postganglionic neuron long ["", ""] Arises from cranial or sacral spinal nerves ["", ""] Arises from spinal nerves T1-L2 ["", ""] Synapses near the spinal cord ["", ""] Synapses near the target organ ["", ""] Increases heart and respiratory rate ["", ""] Stimulates…arrow_forwardParasympathetic ganglia are located near the ...... and are called......arrow_forwardWhich of the following does not characterize the ANS? (a) twoneuron motor chains, (b) preganglionic cell bodies in the CNS, (c) presence of postganglionic cell bodies in ganglia, (d) innervation of skeletal muscle.arrow_forward
- The white rami communicantes contain what kind of axons?(a) preganglionic parasympathetic, (b) postganglionic parasympathetic,(c) preganglionic sympathetic, (d) postganglionic sympathetic.arrow_forwardWhich of the following are adrenergic fibers? O most parasympathetic postganglionic axons most parasympathetic preganglionic axons O most sypathetic, postganglionic axons O most sympathetic preganglionic axonsarrow_forwardThe most important autonomic control center in the CNS is:- a. the cerebral cortex. b. the limbic system. c. the midbrain. d. the hypothalamus. e. the sympathetic chain gangliaarrow_forward
- Match the following parts of the adult nervous system with the embryonic cells that give rise to them: (a) alar plate cells, (b) basal plate cells, (c) neural crest cells.__(1) sensory neurons__(2) motor neurons__(3) dorsal interneuronsarrow_forwardPostganglionic neurons receive which neurotransmitter in the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system in the autonomic ganglion? O ACh O ACh; Beta-1 Epinephrine; Norepinephrine Epinephrine; ACh O Norepinephrine; ACharrow_forwardWhich of the following is not true regarding the parasympathetic nervous system? (A) The cell body of the presynaptic neuron is located in the gray matter of the CNS. (B) The cell body of the postsynaptic neuron is located in an autonomic ganglion out- side the CNS. (C) The postsynaptic neuron emits norepi- nephrine. (D) Its neurons are craniosacral in origin. (E) It promotes quiet and orderly processes of the body.arrow_forward
- Which of these characterize the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system? Preganglionic fibers are myelinated; postganglionic fibers are not. Preganglionic fibers arise from the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord. Terminal ganglia are located close to effector organs. Parasympathetic postganglionic fibers secrete acetylcholine.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements concerning the preganglionic neuronsof the ANS is true?a. All parasympathetic preganglionic neurons secrete acetylcholine.b. Only parasympathetic preganglionic neurons secrete acetylcholine.c. All sympathetic preganglionic neurons secrete norepinephrine.d. Only sympathetic preganglionic neurons secrete norepinephrine.arrow_forwardA drug is known to decrease heart rate. After cutting the white ramiof T1–T4, the drug still causes the heart rate to decline. After cuttingthe vagus nerves, the drug no longer affects heart rate. Which divisionof the ANS does the drug affect? Does the drug affect the synapsebetween preganglionic and postganglionic neurons, the synapse betweenpostganglionic neurons and effectors, or the CNS? Is the drug’s effectexcitatory or inhibitory?arrow_forward
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