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- Nervous system functions that directly employ acetylcholine neurotransmitters are referred to as cholinergic. Drugs that might be therapeutic in treating the symptoms of dopamine loss in Parkinson’s disease could include multiple choice 1 dopaminergic agonists and cholinergic antagonists. dopaminergic antagonists and cholinergic antagonists. dopaminergic antagonists and cholinergic agonists. dopaminergic agonists and cholinergic agonists. 2. From the information provided, drugs used to treat Parkinson’s disease symptoms will act at which location? multiple choice 2 The globus pallidus The substantia nigra The striatum 3. Which of the following might be therapeutic in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease symptoms? multiple choice 3 all of these choices listed may be therapeutic increasing dopamine receptor responsiveness monoamine oxidase inhibition increasing dopamine release decreasing dopamine…We talked about drug effects on neurons in sequence. The effect of alcohol is multi-faceted and the following question asks you to apply your knowledge. Imagine two neurons in sequence. The presynaptic neuron is GABAnergic and the postsynaptic neuron is dopaminergic. The effects of alcohol are not fully understood but it does seem to inhibit GABAnergic neurons. How would the release of dopamine from the postsynaptic neuron change in this case? Explain your answer, being sure to make each connection between concepts clear. If alcohol instead inhibited dopaminernergic neurons, in what way might the ion flow change in the dendrites of the postsynaptic neuron of this example?For each of the following statements about the sympathetic nervous system, state whether it is true or false. Postganglionic neurons can stimulate the heart [Select] Preganglionic nerve fibers originate from the brainstem or from the sacral part of the spinal cord [Select] Preganglionic fibers are relatively long [Select] Preganglionic neurons release acetylcholine [Select] Postganglionic neurons can stimulate skeletal muscle [Select] Postganglionic neurons release acetylcholine [Select]
- Dan, a 50-year-old man, is experiencing muscle stiffness and shaky hands. In the office, you also note his stooped posture. Tests reveal a deficiency of dopamine, which helps confirm a diagnosis of Parkinson disease. Knowing that there is no cure, Dan is upset and ambivalent about taking medication. How can you help Dan understand his condition and how his medication, levodopa plus carbidopa (Sinemet), will help him?Identify a neurotransmitter and describe the physiologic consequences associated either with an acute or chronic deficit or excess of the neurotransmitter in the nervous system. Demonstrate your understanding of the material presented in Chapters 12-16 by correctly defining and using at least 4 physiological terms related to the functional organization of the nervous system of humans. Do not present material that you have already presented in the discussion board. Written Assignment must be 3-4 pages, not including title or reference pages. The paper should include 1-2 strong arguments supported by at least 2 sources. Please make sure your assignment is double-spaced using Times New Roman, 12-point font, and 1” margins. Be sure to cite any references in APA FormatEpinephrine and norepinephrine are chemicals that act as both neurotransmitters and hormones. Describe where they are released from, what organs they target and how they play a role in the sympathetic nervous system.
- Describe how Acetylcholine (ACh) is synthesized stored, released, and binds to ionotropic and metabotropic receptors. How is ACh related to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and how do the ACh-relevant anti-AD drugs work and describe one non-ACh based theory of AD development and outline how a related treatment worksFentanyl is an opioid similar to morphine, except, according to the CDC, it is up to 50 times stronger than heroin and 100 times stronger than morphine. Discuss the effects of fentanyl on specific receptors and how the transmission of action potentials is altered. Be sure to focus only on how the action potential transmission is impacted by the drug. Be sure to provide an APA citation.Question 1 Please summarise the main steps in storage, release, uptake and degradation of acetylcholine in a parasympathetic nerve terminal and synapse. Describe the mechanism of action of any two drugs that act at two different steps of the above process.
- Reserpine is a drug that can control high blood pressure by reducing the number of catecholamine neurotransmitters present in the synapse. Epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine are examples of catecholamine neurotransmitters. One of the known side effects of reserpine is to cause the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease. Parkinson's disease is associated with dopamine. Parkinson's disease occurs when the nerve cells in the part of the brain that controls muscle movement are gradually destroyed and the neurons can no longer produce dopamine to coordinate muscle movements. Reserpine causes symptoms by a. inhibiting the release of dopamine from the presynaptic neuron b. blocking the dopamine receptor in the postsynaptic neuron c. breaking down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine in the synapse d. breaking down cholinesterase enzyme in the synapseSerotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine are a group of neurotransmitters collectively called monoamines. A lack of these monoamines has been linked to depression. Depression is treated with dru that prolong the effect of these neurotransmitters either by preventing the re-uptake of the neurotransmitters, or by inhibiting the enzyme that breaks down these neurotransmitters. Which of the following statements about neurotransmitters'are true? The table lists the classifications of three antidepressants. Antidepressant Classification fluoxetine selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor (SSRI) phenelzine monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor amitriptyline tricyclic antidepressant Check all that apply. View Available Hint(s) MAO inhibitors are examples of monoamine antagonists. EFluoxetine inhibits the enzyme that breaks down monoamines. ODopamine plays a role in feelings of pleasure and pain. DA deficiency of serotonin norepinephrine, and dopamine is associated with depression. Some drug…Why is a single autonomic neurotransmitter able to have opposite effects on different target cells?