Universe: Stars And Galaxies
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781319115098
Author: Roger Freedman, Robert Geller, William J. Kaufmann
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 17, Problem 58Q
To determine
The way to calculate the distance of star whose parallax is too small.
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Star A and Star B are a bound binary at a distance of 20 pc from the Earth. Their
separation is 30 AU. Star A has a mass twice that of Star B. The orbital period of the
binary is 100 years. Assume the stars orbit in circular orbits.
a. What is the parallax of Star A, in units of arcsec? Assume parallax is measured from
the Earth. For part a, ignore the presence of the binary companion.
b.
What is the angular separation we would observe between Star A and Star B, in
units of arcsec? If we compare multiple images of this star system taken across
different months and years, which source of motion will be the dominant effect?
What is the total mass of the binary system (combined mass of Star A and Star B)?
Provide your answer in both kg and solar masses.
c.
d. What is the distance from Star A to the center of mass of the binary system?
Which of the following is a true statement?
A smaller diameter star can never have a smaller number for its apparent magnitude than a larger star.
Two stars with the same diameter and effective surface temperature will necessarily have the same absolute magnitude as well.
Aristotle was the first person to detect stellar parallax.
All G2 stars necessarily have the same absolute magnitude.
You measure a star to have a parallax angle of 0.12 arc-seconds
What is the distance to this star in parsecs?
8.33
Hint: d = 1/p
What is the parallax angle of a different star that is twice as far away as the star from the previous problems? [answer in arc-seconds without including the unit]
Chapter 17 Solutions
Universe: Stars And Galaxies
Ch. 17 - Prob. 1QCh. 17 - Prob. 2QCh. 17 - Prob. 3QCh. 17 - Prob. 4QCh. 17 - Prob. 5QCh. 17 - Prob. 6QCh. 17 - Prob. 7QCh. 17 - Prob. 8QCh. 17 - Prob. 9QCh. 17 - Prob. 10Q
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- Assume that there are 2 stars - Aqua and Ruby. They are in orbit around a massive star which is named as Star Ai that has a mass 5.98 x 1028 kg. The orbit of Ruby is circle and has a period of 1.430 yrs. The orbit of Aqua is an ellipse. At its periapsis, the distance of Star Aqua is twice as far from Star Ai than Star Ruby is. Solve how far is Star Aqua's apoapsis if Star Aqua is considered 3.250 times faster in periapsis than in apoapsis. Note: You can ignore the gravitational interaction that exists between Star Aqua and Star Ruby. Use the figure to understand the problem better. Aqua periapsis Choices: a. 1.9x10¹¹ m b. 3.8x10¹1 m c. 3.6x10¹0 m d. 1.2x10¹¹ m Ruby Ai apoapsisarrow_forward1.) How far, in parsecs, is an object that has a parallax of 1 arc second? How far is it, in light years? 2.) How far in parsecs, is an object that has a parallax of 0.1 arc-seconds? How far is it, in light years?arrow_forward"51 Pegasi" is the name of the first normal star (besides the Sun) around which a planet was discovered. It is in the constellation Pegasus the horse. Its parallax is measured to be 0.064 arcsec. a. What is its distance from us? b. The apparent brightness is 1.79 × 10-10 J/(s·m2 ). What is the luminosity? How does that compare with that of the Sun? Look up the temperature: how doarrow_forward
- τ Ceti is 11.9 ly away. How many arc seconds of parallax will it have?arrow_forwardDouble stars are stars which are close enough and move slowly enough that they orbit each other. Each star is located at the focus of the ellipse of its orbit around the other star. Consider a binary star system which has an average angular separation of 6.1" arc and a period of 87.3 years. The annual parallax of the stars, p, is 0.192"arc. We call the measure of the angular separation of the two stars, . [remember that 1 degree is divided into 60 'arc (read this as 60 minutes of arc) and each 1'arc is subdivided into 60"arc (read this as 60 seconds of arc)]. The distance to the binarystar system is calculated from its parallax , p, of 0.192"arc, which has been measured carefully over a period of the last 92 years. First we must calculate the distance to the binary system: D = 1/p where p is the parallax in seconds of arc giving D in parsecs. The distance, D = 1/p = ________ pc How many light years does this correspond to? (remember that 1 pc = 3.26 lt yr) D (in light…arrow_forwardIn the parallax method of determining stellar distances, the angle to a star is measured while the earth is on one side of the sun and then again six months later, as in the diagram below. Assume the earth-sun distance is 1 Astronomical Unit. The parallax angle of Alpha Centauri is 0= 2.1 x 10-4 ° . Find the distance from the sun to a Centauri in light years. Assume a circular orbit for the Earth. a Centauri Earth (June) Earth (December) Sunarrow_forward
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