Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The chemical conditions to remove the acetyl group from N-Acetylglucosamide have to be determined.
Concept introduction:
Amide: One
Amide Formation: Amide is formed when a carboxylic acid reacts with an amine or ammonia.
- Primary amide is produce when a carboxylic acid reacts with ammonia.
- Secondary and tertiary amide is produce when a carboxylic acid reacts with primary and secondary amine respectively.
- Ammonium salt is formed when tertiary amine and a carboxylic acid reacts forming an ionic compound with a carboxylate acid anion and a trialkyl ammonium cation since there is no hydrogen atom in trialkyl amine
Amide Hydrolysis: In presence of base or acid with continuous heating, amide reacts with water to form the corresponding amine and carboxylic acid.
- Carboxylic acid and amine salt are obtained when amide hydrolysis takes place in presence of acid.
- Carboxylate anion and amine are obtained when amide hydrolysis takes place in presence of base.
(b)
Interpretation:
The structure of products formed during the acid hydrolysis of N-Acetylglucosamide has to be drawn.
Concept introduction:
Carboxylic acid: One
Amide: One
Amide Formation: Amide is formed when a carboxylic acid reacts with an amine or ammonia.
- Primary amide is produce when a carboxylic acid reacts with ammonia.
- Secondary and tertiary amide is produce when a carboxylic acid reacts with primary and secondary amine respectively.
- Ammonium salt is formed when tertiary amine and a carboxylic acid reacts forming an ionic compound with a carboxylate acid anion and a trialkyl ammonium cation since there is no hydrogen atom in trialkyl amine
Amide Hydrolysis: In presence of base or acid with continuous heating, amide reacts with water to form the corresponding amine and carboxylic acid.
- Carboxylic acid and amine salt are obtained when amide hydrolysis takes place in presence of acid.
- Carboxylate anion and amine are obtained when amide hydrolysis takes place in presence of base.
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Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (8th Edition)
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