Concept explainers
Interpretation: The mole fraction of the liquid mixture and vapor above the solution should be determined.
Concept Introduction:
The mole fraction is the number of moles compared with the total number of moles. It is also known as molar fraction that is defined as the amount of the constituents divided by the total amount of the constituents.
Explanation of Solution
The mole fraction is the ratio of the number of moles of a given component to the total number of moles of solution. For a two-component solution, where
Mole fraction of component
This is represented in terms of number of moles as follows:
Now,
Here,
Thus,
According to question, mole fraction is 30% mole by A thus,
Given that liquid A has vapor pressure x, and liquid B has vapor pressure y.
The partial pressure and vapour pressure are related to each other as follows:
Also,
From equation (1):
This can also be written as:
Here,
Thus,
On rearranging,
Thus,
Also,
Now, the mole fraction of the liquid mixture if the vapor given solution is 50% A by moles can be determined as follows:
On rearranging,
Thus,
Also,
The mole fraction of the liquid mixture if the vapor given solution is 80% A by moles:
On rearranging,
Thus,
Also,
Similarly, if liquid A has vapor pressure x, and liquid B has vapor pressure y. The mole fraction of the vapor mixture if the vapor given solution is 30% A by moles will be:
The mole fraction of the liquid mixture if the vapor given solution is 50% A by moles:
The mole fraction of the liquid mixture if the vapor given solution is 80% A by moles:
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 17 Solutions
Chemical Principles
- Which of the following will have the lowest total vapor pressure at 25C? a. pure water (vapor pressure = 23.8 torr at 25C) b. a solution of glucose in water with C6H12O6=0.01 c. a solution of sodium chloride in water with NaCl = 0.01 d. a solution of methanol in water with CH3OH=0.2 (Consider the vapor pressure of both methanol [143 torr at 25C] and water.)arrow_forwardConcentrated hydrochloric acid contains 1.00 mol HCl dissolved in 3.31 mol H2O. What is the mole fraction of HCl in concentrated hydrochloric acid? What is the molal concentration of HCl?arrow_forwardA gaseous solute dissolves in water. The solution process has H=15 kJ. Its solubility at 22C and 6.00 atm is 0.0300 M. Would you expect the solubility to be greater or less at (a) 22C and 1 atm? (a) 18C and 6 atm? (a) 15C and 10 atm? (a) 35C and 3 atm?arrow_forward
- Antifreeze solutions are aqueous solutions of ethylene glycol, C2H6O2(d=1.12g/mL). In Connecticut, cars are winterized by filling radiators with an antifreeze solution that will protect the engine for temperatures as low as -20F. (a) What is the minimum molality of antifreeze solution required? (b) How many milliliters of ethylene glycol need to be added to 250 mL of water to prepare the solution called for in (a)?arrow_forwardJuice (d=1.0g/mL) from freshly harvested grapes has about 24% sucrose by mass. What is the molality of sucrose, C12H22O11, in the grape juice after 25% (by mass) of the water content has been removed? Assume a volume of 15.0 L.arrow_forwardA compound of cobalt, carbon, and oxygen contains 28.10% C and 34.47% Co. When 0.147 g of this compound is dissolved in 6.72 g of cyclohexane, the solution freezes at 5.23C. What is the molecular formula of this compound?arrow_forward
- Chemistry: An Atoms First ApproachChemistryISBN:9781305079243Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. ZumdahlPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage Learning
- Chemistry by OpenStax (2015-05-04)ChemistryISBN:9781938168390Author:Klaus Theopold, Richard H Langley, Paul Flowers, William R. Robinson, Mark BlaserPublisher:OpenStaxChemistry: Principles and PracticeChemistryISBN:9780534420123Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward MercerPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage Learning