Chapter 17, Problem 49E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The vapor pressure of solution needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction : For volatile components, Raoult’s law is modified as,

  $\begin{array}{c}{P}_{total}=P_A+P_B\\ ={\chi }_A{P}^0{}_A+{\chi }_B{P}^0{}_B\end{array}$

Here, A, B are different components in the solution. ${\chi }_A$ and ${\chi }_B$ are the mole fraction of A and B. $P^0{}_A$ and $P^0{}_B$ are the vapor pressure of pure A and pure B.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The mole fraction of pentane in the vapor that is in equilibrium with the solution needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction : Vapor pressure is the pressure exerted by a vapor in the state of equilibrium in a system which is closed.

Surface area, intermolecular forces and temperature are some factors that has a marked influence in vapor pressure. The vapor pressure of a molecule varies with temperatures